Maryland Spring HS Round 7 - randomized



Maryland Spring HS Tournament

Round 7

Packet by SteveJon Guth, Monica Remmers, Paul Marchsteiner, Logan Anbinder, Jeremy Eaton and Bekah Kass

1) This man was first hired by Joseph Lyman Silsbee, with whom he had previously collaborated on Unity Church. Afterwards, this man apprenticed himself to the firm of Adler and Sullivan, though he took independent commissions for such projects as the Walter Gale house. However, he may be better known for structures including one that survived the Great (*) Kanto earthquake of 1923, a personal home named after a Welsh bard, and a home for Edgar Kaufmann with cantilevered floors built over a namesake cascade. FTP, name this architect of the Imperial Hotel in Tokyo, Taliesin, and Pennsylvania's Fallingwater.

ANSWER: Frank Lloyd Wright

2) This game appears as the finals round in the "Video Armageddon" tournament in the 1989 Fred Savage movie The Wizard. In a recent episode of Glee, Puck erroneously claims that this game has "star worlds". Players are able to skip stages using the Jugem's Cloud item, crush enemies using the green wind-up Kuribo's (*) Shoe and can take to the skies with the Power Leaf which grants the hero a raccoon's tail. This game marks the first appearance of the seven Koopalings, Bowser's children. FTP, identify this video game which hit the states in 1990, the last title featuring a certain plumber on the NES.

ANSWER: Super Mario Bros. 3

3) One story in this work tells how the satyr Silenus told King Midas that the best thing for man was to never be born.  This work considers music to be superior to other art because it does not represent a specific phenomena, and states that we live in the Alexandrian age of culture before castigating (*) Eurpedes and Socrates for destroying art.  One of the worldviews is described as Primordial Unity and is considered an uplifting alternative to Christianity. Claiming the title art was created from the mixing of Apollonian and Dionysian worldviews, for 10 points, name this work of literary criticism by Nietzsche.

ANSWER:  The Birth of Tragedy from the Spirit of Music [accept The Birth of Tragedy, Or: Hellenism and Pessimism or die Geburt der Tragodie aus dem Geiste der Musik]

4) This ruler continued the surgun system of moving Jews around, and prohibited provincial judges form convicting jews during the Amasya blood libel.  His royal architect was Sinan, and his general Ibrahim Pasha reconquered Bitlis before this ruler personally attacked the Safavid ruler Tahmasp.  The French sent the ambassador Gabriel de (*) Luetz to this ruler, who conquered Corfu, Rhodes, large swaths of Greece, and was only turned back from Europe at Vienna.  Suceeded by Selim II, for 10 points, name this son of Selim the Grim, a sultan who ruled during the height of Ottoman power.

ANSWER:  Suleyman I [accept Suleiman the Magnificent or the Lawgiver, prompt on epithets that involve laws or justice]

5) Nicolas Rubenstein, the dedicatee of this man's first piano concerto in B minor, declared that piece unplayable.  His first symphony, "Winter Dreams," and his second, "Little Russian," were composed at the Moscow Conservatory, while his operas Mazeppa and The Sorceress were composed under the patronage of Madame von Meck.  One symphony by this composer was inspired by Byron's poem (*) Manfred, and his third in D major is nicknamed Polish.  His most famous ouverture took themes from the folk song "By The Gates" and the Marseilleise.  For 10 points, name this Russian composer of the Pathetique symphony, the 1812 Overture, and the ballet The Nutcracker.

ANSWER:  Piotr Ilyitch Tchaikovsky

6) This novel was disparaged by Lionel Trilling as lacking in ethical or moral significance, though its author encourages readers to view it as a cautionary tale. A young woman in this work wearing a cherry-red fascinator is the secret subject of the protagonist's attention when that woman is dancing with Denis Eady, the son of an Irish grocer, who is deemed fit for a horse-whipping. A major turning point in this work is when a cat breaks Aunt Philura's wedding gift, a glass pickle dish, which eventually prompts the ill-fated escape attempt of the title character with Mattie Silver.  Set in snowy Starkfield, Massachusetts, FTP, name this Edith Wharton novella in which the title character is disabled in a sledding accident. 

ANSWER: Ethan Frome 

[too long!  -SJ]

[thats what she said]

[ouch]

7) This period was precede by a period that saw the formation of the Chalk Group in northwestern Europe, and it was succeeded by a period that saw the completion of the breakup of Gondwana and the collision of the Indian Plate with Asia. Though the Signor-Lipps effect, exemplified by the disappearance of the cephalapod Ammonite, makes the duration of this period difficult to determine, evidence for this event was provided by Walter and Luis (*) Alvarez in the form of an extremely high level of iridium at this event's namesake sedimentary boundary. The Chicxulub Crater is seen as the most likely remnant of the cause of, FTP, what extinction event of 65 million years ago that killed the dinosaurs?

ANSWER: Cretaceous-Tertiary extinction event (accept K-T extinction or K-Pg extinction; accept Paleogene or Tertiary before "breakup")

8) It caused Ebenezer MacIntosh, a cobbler, to lead a raid on the home of Massachusetts Lt. Gov. Thomas Hutchinson, and the Virginia House of Burgesses passed a series of resolutions written by Patrick Henry protesting this piece of legislation. Among other items, colonists protested its reference to ecclesiastical courts and its granting (*) admiralty courts jurisdiction to try violators. Including taxes placed on land grants, dice and playing cards, for ten points, name this 1765 British bill that caused a colonial outcry for taxing most printed materials in the colony through a namesake item.

ANSWER: Stamp Act of 1765

9) One peak in this range is home to the Larkya La glacial saddle while another range is known as the "Shining Wall"; these are Manaslu and Gasherbrum. A natural Shiva lingam of ice can be found in their Amarnath caves, while this range's Jelepla Pass leads to the northern Chumbi Valley and the Baltoro glacier runs through a subrange of these mountains knowns as the (*) Karakorams.  Rivers that have their source here include the Tarim, Irrawaddy and the Ganges. Formed when the Indian Subcontinent converged with the Eurasian plate, FTP, identify this range containing K2 and Mount Everest; the highest mountain range in the world.

ANSWER: The Himalayan Mountains or The Himalayas

10) One publication by this group is called The Final Call, and identifies an object called a Mother Plane with the wheel described in the Book of Ezekiel. One legend about the founder of this religion claims that he escaped a murder plot and boarded that object, which is said to have been built in ancient Japan by "Original scientists." One of those scientists was a member of the Tribe of Shabazz named (*) Yakub, and was responsible for the creation of the white and Asian races. Currently led by Louis Farrakhan, this is, FTP, what theology of which Malcolm X became a member while in prison, that shares some similarities with the more widespread religion for which it was named, including a belief in Allah?

ANSWER: Nation of Islam

11) He's not Jonathan Swift, but this author did write a play entitled A Tale of a Tub and another work by this man follows characters like Diaphanous Silkworm and Lady Lodestone in The Magnetic Lady. At the end of another of this man's plays, Dauphine strips the dress off of the titular character revealing that she is actually a boy in The (*) Silent Woman. A more famous work by ends with the hiding in a tortoise shell by Sir Politic after being accused of sedition by titular 'fox', Volpone.  FTP name this playwright who also wrote about Captain Face in The Alchemist.

ANSWER:  Ben Jonson

12) This condition involves overexpression of DSCAM.  Hypothyroidism used to be considered a cause of this condition, which is sometimes caused by a Robertsonian translocation on chromosome fourteen.  This condition is associated with dysfunctional NFAT signalling pathways.  One symptom of this condition is white spots on the (*) eye, called Brushfield spots, while half of children born with this condition suffer from heart defects.  Other symptons include upward slanting eyes, flattened nose, and excess skin at the nape of the neck.  For 10 points, name this genetic disorder caused by the trisomy of chromosome twenty one.

ANSWER:  Down Syndrome [prompt on trisomy 21 until mentioned]

13) One figure in this work with a slightly bent right knee, the relative of the artist in the background, may be coming to take two figures away from the room adorned with paintings of Minerva. The center figure's chaperon stands with a bodyguard on the right side of this painting, behind the titular dwarves. That young girl is (*) curtsying to her parents who are being painted by an artist with the emblem of the Order of Santiago on the breast of his doublet. FTP, name this painting which sees the King and Queen of Spain reflected in a mirror, the most famous work of Diego Velasquez titled after the princess's attendants.

ANSWER: Maids of Honor or Las Meninas

14) This figure once failed at the task of including draining Utgarda's drinking horn and was wrestled to one knee by the crone Elli. In another story, this figure disguised himself as Frejya to pretend to marry the giant Thrym, king of the Thurse.  The goats (*) Tanngrisni and Tanngnost carry this figure, who once went fishing with Hymir for the midgard serpent that this figure is fated to kill at Ragnorak.  The guantlet, Jarngriper allows this god to wield his famous weapon, the hammer Mjolnir.  The father of Magni and Modi, for 10 points, name this husband of Sif, the Norse thunder god.

ANSWER:  Thor

15) This ruler sent Sheremetev against Perekop, defeating the Tatars after having conquered Kazan.  He captured Narva and Dorpat but left Livonia after threats from Sigismund II.  This ruler once threatened to abdicate until popular pressure brought him back to power.  When this ruler came to power he fed the boyar Andrei Shuisky to his dogs and his secret police was called the (*) Oprichniki. This ruler called for the construction of St. Basil's Cathedral, and earned his epithet in the second half of his reigns for such acts as massacring Great Novgorod.  For 10 points, name this Grand Prince of Muscovy and first Tsar of Russia, nicknamed "The Terrible."

ANSWER:  Ivan IV [accept Ivan the Terrible before mentioned]

16) One poem by this poet contains the refrain "I like it when you're silent because you seem distant."  The speaker sobs at the thought of barbershops and is "sick of being a man" in his poem Walking Around.  Conger Chowder, A Large Tuna in the Market, and an Artichoke are some of the subject of his (*) Elemental Odes, and the title city becomes a metaphor for the history and identity of South America in his The Heights of Macchu Picchu.   For 10 points, name this Chilean poet of Canto General and Twenty Love Poems and a Song of Despair.

ANSWER:  Pablo Neruda [accept Neftali Ricardo Reyes Basoalto]

17) The namesake of this law gives a model for magnetization in which all magnetism results from namesake bound currents.  This result implied that the divergence of current density vanished, even in capacitors, until Maxwell added a term corresponding to displacement current to this equation. This equation is a symmetric case of the more general (*) Biot-Savart law, and states that the line integral of the magnetic field around a surface is equal to the current passing through the surface.  For 10 point name this equation whose namesake also lends his name to the SI unit for current.

ANSWER:  Ampere's Law [do not accept "amp's law"]

18) During World War one, this man's reputation was tarnished by the Shell Crisis and involvement in the Dardanelles campaign.  One theory of his death involves the German spy Duquesne, but more likely he died when the H.M.S Hampshire hit a German mine.  Earlier, he had led the assault on Paardeburg and after a lenient treaty was rejected he conducted (*) scortched earth tactics against the Boers.  As commander of the Egyption army, he defeatd the Mahdi at Omdurman and later would become governor of the Sudan.  For 10 points, name this British general opposite of Marchand during the Fashoda incident.

ANSWER:  Lord Horatio Herbert Kitchener, first Earl Kitchene

19) This quantity represents the volume of an n-dimensional parallelpiped given n vectors, while a similarly named quantity can be found by evaluating the Alexander polynomial at minus one.  The infintesimal change in area is given by this operation applied to the Jacobean, and this quantity is equal to the product of the eigenvalues of a linear transformation.  This value can be calculated by the levi-cevita permutation symbol or Laplace expansion. (*)  Cramer's rule uses this operation to solve systems of linear equations, which is singular if it is equal to zero.  For 10 points, name this scalar operation on a square matrix, which for two by two matrices is given by A D minus B C.

ANSWER:  Determinant

20) In one story by this author, a nine year old boy is convinced he will die after mistaking degrees fahrenheit for celsius.  He also wrote a story in which Ruiz Cayetano insists he was shot in the back.  In addition to A Day's Wait and The Gambler, the Nun, and the Radio, he wrote a story in which (*) Harry dies of a leg wound while on a safari, and another story in which Margot sleeps with her guide, Wilson, before shooting her husband who has just avenged his shame by killing a lion.   For 10 points name this author of The Short Happy Life of Francis Macomber and The Snows of Kilimanjaro.

ANSWER:  Ernest Hemingway

BONUSES

1) Reading this Dostoevsky novel in school is probably regarded by some teengers as an unnecessary punishment FTPE

[10] Crime and Punishment focuses on this ex-student's trials and ethical dilemma's as he comes up with a plan to murder a pawnbroker.

ANSWER:  Rodion Romanovich Raskolnikov [accept either]

[10] This detective investigates the murders Raskolnikov commits and suspects him on just the grounds of his psychological instability.

ANSWER:  Porfiry

[10] This socialist roommate of Luzhin believes in communal living and discovers Luzhin's plan to frame Sonia for theft.

ANSWER: Andrey Semyenovich Lebezyatnikov

2) This painting is cited as a prime example of Cloisonnism, which is a style famous for its distinct outlines. FTPE:

[10] Name this painting where the titular New Testament figure is being mourned by women in 19th century peasant's clothing during autumn. Notably, the figure has an abnormal skin color.

ANSWER: The Yellow Christ

[10] This Post-Impressionist painted The Yellow Christ in addition to works like The Spirit of the Dead Keep Watch which often prominently feature naked Tahitian women.

ANSWER: Paul Gauguin

[10] This Gauguin painting sees three groups of Tahitian women which corresponds to the the three titular questions of the work. There is also an odd bluish statue in the background.

ANSWER: Where Do We Come From? What Are We? Where Are We Going? [accept D'ou Venons Nous?  Que Sommes Nous?  Ou Allons Nous?]

3) Before his most notable position, he started a literary magazine known as the Port Folio.  For 10 points each:

[10] Name this president of the Second Bank of the United States who clashed with a certain president.

ANSWER:  Nicolas Biddle

[10] This president, known as "Old Hickory" defeated Biddle by not renewing the bank's charter.  Other actions of this president include the Apecies Circular and the Indian Removal Act.

ANSWER:  Andrew Jackson

[10] Jackson replaced Louis McLane with this secretary of the treasury after McLane refused to remove government deposits from the Second Bank of the US.  When this man would not either, Jackson replaced him with Roger B Taney.

ANSWER:  William Duane

4) This building had the first octagonal dome without wooden supports. FTPE:

[10] The financiers of this church were committed to not having Gothic style lying buttresses. Its architect thus created an external and an internal dome which had hidden supports between them.

ANSWER: Florence Cathedral (or equivalents) or Santa Maria del Fiore (prompt on Il Duomo or equivalents since they know what they are talking about)

[10] This architect of the Florence Cathedral famously lost a sculpting competition for the Baptistery doors to Lorenzo Ghiberti.

ANSWER: Fillipo Brunelleschi

[10] Brunelleschi also designed this chapel for a powerful Florentine family. The columns at the base of this building seem to transform into moldings on the wall of double columns which then change into columns for the terrace.

ANSWER: Pazzi Chapel or Santa Croce (equivalents are go!)

5) It can be resolved by noting that one of the two subjects is not in an inertial frame, because he must accelerate to return to Earth.   For 10 points each:

[10] Name this thought experiment of special relativity in which one of the two subjects flies to Alpha Centuari and back, and compares his age with the confederate he left on Earth.

ANSWER:  Twin Paradox

[10] This man names a transformation between inertial reference frames in special relativity, and sometimes lends his name to the length contraction predicted by special relativity.

ANSWER:  Hendrik Lorentz [accept Lorentz Transformation or contraction]

[10] Lorentz transformations operate on vectors embedded in a flat manifold named for this man.  His namesake question mark function maps irrational numbers onto rational numbers.

ANSWER:  Hermann Minkowski [accept Minkowski Space or Minkowski Question Mark Function]

6) Name some places in the Greek underworld for 10 points each.

[10] Gods swore their most sacred oaths on this river that encircled Hades nine times.  Zeus would force oathbreakers to drink from its waters, causing them to lose their voices for nine years.

ANSWER:  Styx

[10] This home to the heroic and virtuous includes inhabitents such as Pelops, who founded the Olympic Games.  Dante later identified this location with Limbo.

ANSWER:  Elysian Fields [accept Elysium]

[10] In contrast to Elysium, this was the eternal reward of those who were neither virtuous nor wicked.  

ANSWER:  Fields of Asphodel [accept Asphodel meadows or similar]

7) Name the Jane Austen characters from clues,  FTPE:

[10] This main protagonist of Pride and Prejudice, second oldest of the five Bennett sisters and her father's favorite, ends up with Mr. Darcy.

ANSWER:  Elizabeth Bennett or Lizzy

[10] This youngest Bennet sister likes to socialize with the military officers stationed in Meryton.  At 15, she elopes with Wickham, causing much embarassment for her family

ANSWER:  Lydia

[10] This female character in Sense and Sensibility becomes enamored with John Willoughby after he comes to her rescue when she endures a sprained ankle.  Eventually, however, she decides to marry the Colonel as he is a more sensible choice.

ANSWER:  Marianne Dashwood

8) Name some pieces composed by the hated enemy of Salieri, Mozart, for 10 points each.

[10] Mozart eighteen full sonatas for this instrument, including K331 "alla turca."  He also wrote twenty seven concertos, including K537 "Coronation," for this instrument.

ANSWER:  Piano

[10] The second movement of this piano concerto, often associated with a Swedish film about a Danish tightrope walker, is a dream like andante, while its third movement opens with a jumping theme.

ANSWER:  Elvira Madigan [accept Piano Concerto No. 21 in C major or K467]

[10] This symphony, Mozart's last, ends in a exultant blaze of trumpets and drums.  Its Olympian nickname was probably given to it by Johann Cramer.

ANSWER:  Jupiter Symphony [accept Symphony No. 41 in C major or K551]

9) Answer some questions about making a certain kind of chemical bond, for 10 points each.

[10] In this type of bond, two electrons are shared between two atoms.  When these bonds are very polar, they take on an ionic character.

ANSWER:  Covalent Bonds

[10] These covalent bonds are made by the overlap of two lobes perpendicular to the bonding axis.  Diatomic nitrogen gas has two bonds of this type.

ANSWER:  Pi Bonds [do not accept double bonds or sigma bonds]

[10] A compound with two pi bonds, such as a diene, has this property if the pi bonds are spaced such that there is a single bond in between them.  This effect stabalizes the molecule by allowing the electrons to spread out through the pi orbitals.

ANSWER:  Conjugation

10) Answer some questions about a certain tumultuous period in Japanese history for 10 points each.

[10] This sixteenth century period in Japanese history saw the breakdown of central government after and near constant warfare.  It shares a name with a similar period in Chinese history that followed the Spring and Autumn Period.

ANSWER:  Sengoku Jidai [accept Warring States period]

[10] This conflict that started the Sengoku began as a conflict between the Hosokawa and the Yamana families over who would succeed the Yoshimasa:  his brother or his son.

ANSWER:  Onin War

[10] The fighting in the Onin war broke out at this capital of the Ashikaga Shogunate.  This city had been the capital since Emperor Kammu selected it, then Uda, during the Heian period.

ANSWER:  Kyoto

11) Name some musicians who are related in some way to Taylor Swift, none of whom are Kanye West,  FTPE

[10] This former boyfriend of Britney Spears and onetime member of N*Sync appeared on Ellen DeGeneres to surprise Swift while she celebrated a CD release. This man is also known for the songs "SexyBack," "Summer Love," and more recently, "Carry Out," which was featured on an album by Timbaland. 

ANSWER:  Justin Timberlake

[10] It's no surprise this past American Idol contestant co-wrote "Best Days of Your Life" with Swift, considering the amount of boyfriend bashing that goes on in it. Her song "Don't You Know You're Beautiful" lost the 2009 CMT Female Video of the Year Award to Swift.

ANSWER:  Kellie Pickler

[10] After this man publicly stated he wanted to record a duet with Swift, she appeared on his latest album Battle Studies, although her only solo line in the song in which she is featured, "Half of My Heart," is "I can't stop lovin' you."

ANSWER:  John Mayer

12) It deals with the turbulent marriage of Brick and Maggie and the decay of Southern society. FTPE:

[10] Name this play, which won the 1955 Pulitzer Prize for Drama and was originally directed by Elia Kazan.

ANSWER: Cat on a Hot Tin Roof

[10] This author of The Night of the Iguana and A Streetcar Named Desire penned Cat on a Hot Tin Roof.

ANSWER: Tennessee (Thomas Lanier) Williams

[10] Cat on a Hot Tin Roof centers around the birthday celebration of this patriarch of the Pollitt family. Everyone lies to him about the fact that he is going to die soon.

ANSWER: Big Daddy

13) Answer some questions about measuring distance in outer space, for 10 points each.

[10] Astronomers use these "standard candles" to measure distance beacuse of the relationship between their period and luminosity.  These stars have a longer period than RR Lyrae stars of between one day and two months.

ANSWER:  Cepheid Variables

[10] This method of measuring distance, which involves tiny shifts of nearby stars as the Earth revolves around the sun, was used to define the parsec.

ANSWER:  Parallax

[10] This method of measuring distance looks at shifts in atomic emission and absorption lines.  The same principle causes sirens to change in pitch when police cars pass you.

ANSWER:  Doppler Effect or Shift

14) He signed the Treaty of Le Goulet to deal with the ambition of his nephew Arthur I for the throne.  For 10 points each:

[10] Name this British king succeeded by his song Henry III and allied with Otto IV against the French.

ANSWER:  King John [accept epiteths like "Lackluster" or "sans terre"]

[10] In 1215, King John was forced by his barons to sign this document, which is widely regarded as one of the most influencial documents in the history of democracy.  Notable provisions govern loan repayment to Jews.

ANSWER:  the Magna Carta [accept silly translations like The Great Charter]

[10] King John found himself excommunicated by this pope over Stephen Langton, the archbishop of Canterbury.  Other accomplishments of this pope, born Lotario de' Conti, include calling the Fourth Lateran Council.

ANSWER:  Pope Innocent III [prompt on partial answer]

15) It considers the title concept to be "personality-writ-large," but only implicitly analyses America because is it simply to cluttered for analysis.  For the stated number of points each:

[10] For 10 points, name this anthropoligical work that considers three groups, the Zuni, the Dobu, and the Kwakiutl.

ANSWER:  Patterns of Culture

[10] For 10 points, this anthropologist who taught at Colombia University wrote Patterns of Culture, as well as a comparison of Japanese and American cultures, The Chrysanthemum and the Sword.

ANSWER:  Ruth Benedict

[5, 5] For 5 points each, name the two cultures Benedict contrasts in The Chrysanthemum and the Sword because of the different criminal justice systems in America and Japan.

ANSWER:  Guilt and Shame

16) Since Jeremy will be going to UC Irvine this coming fall, identify the following things he might encounter in California, FTPE.

[10] Jeremy can drive about an hour south from Orange County to reach this city, which has a world famous zoo and Wild Animal Park. This city is close enough to the Mexican border that it is often described as forming a metropolitan area with Tijuana.

ANSWER: San Diego

[10]The prehistorical Lake Manly once covered this now desert National Park near the western reaches of the Sierra Nevada. Other points of interest include salt crystals known as the Devil's Golf Course and the marble-walled Mosaic Canyon.

ANSWER: Death Valley

[10] To sate Jeremy's desire for an awesome hike, he'll probably trek out to Yosemite and tackle this granite peak via its famous Cables ascent. This mountain is a symbol of the park and appears on the California state quarter.

ANSWER: Half Dome or Tis-sa-ack

17) Name some American poets for 10 points each.

[10] This poet of the American Revolution wrote The Dying Indian and The Indian Burying Ground, as well as the less depressing To A Honeybee.

ANSWER:  Philip Freneau

[10] This man included the line "the shot heard round the world" in one poem, while other poems by this man include The Rhodora and Brahma.

ANSWER:  Ralph Waldo Emerson

[10] This man's poems, such as "i sing of Olaf glad and big" and "next to of course god america i," are notable for nonstandard capitalization and punctuation exemplified in his "anyone lived in a pretty how town."

ANSWER:  edward estlin cummings

18) Toward the end of this work, its author considers that animal and human reason are the same, and that there is no rational reason for beleiving in miracles.  For 10 points each:

[10] Name this philosophical tract in which the author considers cause and effect relationships, stating that we cannot justify inferences.

ANSWER:  Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding

[10] This Scottish Enlightenment thinker wrote Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding.

ANSWER:  David Hume

[10] In Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding, Hume subscribes to a compatibilist view of this phenomena by noting that we can never be sure about causation, just conjunction.

ANSWER:  Free Will [accept logical equivalents, accept determinism prompt on "Liberty" or "necessity"]

19) Answer some questions about things you probably should be eating more of for 10 points each:

[10] This vitamin plays critical roles in blood clotting beacuse of it role in the synthesis of prothrombin.  This vitamin also is related to bone and liver health.

ANSWER:  Vitamin K [accept phylloquinone, but any other technical terms are probably too specific]

[10] A deficiency in this antioxidant, found in many fruits, notably causes scurvy.  Other uses of this vitamin involve wound healing and collagen synthesis.

ANSWER:  Vitamin C [accept L-ascorbic acid or L-ascorbate]

[10] Like iodine, deficiencies in this element can cause thyroid problems, and other deficiencies associated with this element include Keshan disease and Myxedematous Endemic Cretinism.  This element is found in a modified cysteine in some proteins.

ANSWER:  Selenium [accept Se]

20) This French king declared "Paris is well worth a Mass," thus changing his religion for the third and final time. FTPE:

[10] Name this monarch who ruled over France after the Wars of Religion and enacted the Edict of Nantes in 1598.

ANSWER: Henry IV or Henry Navarre

[10] The Edict of Nantes guaranteed some religious freedom for Protestants, especially this group of French Calvinists that Henry IV was a member of before his conversion to Catholicism.

ANSWER: Huguenots

[10] This financial minister of Henry IV authorized the exportation of grain and wheat, encouraged agricultural expansion, and did not support industrialization. His financial policies increased French annual revenue by a million livres.

ANSWER: Duke of Sully

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