Evolution Test (Chapter 15 all, 16 all, 17-1 and 17-4)



Name: ___________________________ Date: _______________

Period: ____

Evolution Test (Chapter 15 all, 16 all, 17-1, 17-2, 17-3, and 17-4) Test Date: ___________

To prepare for the test over Chapters 15-17, you should read the chapters, review your notes, study the warm ups, and any assignments we worked on during this time. Any words you do not know the meaning of, you should look up in the glossary of your book.

1. The founder of the Modern Scientific Theory of Evolution is considered to be _______________.

2. Define Scientific Theory_____________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

3. Describe the following people’s influence on Darwin’s thinking and their major scientific contributions

a. Charles Lyell

b. Thomas Malthus

4. Define the word species______________________________________________________________________________________.

5. How did speciation occur in the Galapagos finches? _______________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________

6. Darwin’s Theory can be summarized by several statements. Describe each statement and give an example of each.

|Statement |Description |Example |

|Organisms differ and variations are | | |

|inheritable | | |

|Organisms produce more offspring that | | |

|can survive | | |

|Survival of the Fittest | | |

|Descent with Modification | | |

[pic]

7. The diagram above best illustrates

a. Lamark’s theory of Biological Evolution. b. Darwin’s Theory of Biological Evolution.

c. Lamark’s theory of Acquired Traits. d. Lyell’s theory of changes in the earth would affect life.

8. Give an example for each word and explain it.

a. Natural Selection -___________________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________Ex.________________________

b. Biological Fitness___________________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________Ex.________________________

c. Morphology-_______________________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________Ex.________________________

d. Physiology-________________________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________Ex.________________________

e. Common ancestry-___________________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________Ex.________________________

f. Selective pressure-___________________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________Ex.________________________

g. Biological diversity-_________________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________Ex.________________________

[pic]

9. What adaptation does this organism have that makes it well-suited to its environment? _____________________________

10. What is the title of Darwin’s most famous publication? ________________________________________________________

11. How could you identify if two organisms are members of the same species or different species? _________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________

12. Name and explain the five major types of evidence that support the theory of biological evolution.

|Name |Description |

| | |

| | |

| | |

| | |

| | |

13. Complete the following table.

|Structures |Identify whether the picture represents |Why are they considered vestigial, homologous or |

| |vestigial, homologous or analogous structures. |analogous? |

|Letter C indicates the pelvic bone and the under developed | | |

|legs in the Baleen whale. | | |

|[pic] |1._____________________ |________________________________________________________|

| | |________________________________________________________|

| | |________________ |

|Compare the two wings. | | |

|[pic] | | |

| | | |

| |2._______________________ |________________________________________________________|

| | |________________________________________________________|

| | |________________________________________________ |

|Compare each shaded bone | | |

| | | |

| | | |

| |3. ________________________ |________________________________________________________|

| | |________________________________________________________|

| | |________________________________________________ |

14. Which type of structure indicates common ancestry? ____________________________

15. There are two sources of genetic variation. List and describe them.

a.

b.

16. What is the relative frequency of an allele in a population? ________________________________________________________

17. A change in allele frequencies over time leads to ________evolution. (Choose micro- or macro-)

18. What is a polygenic trait? (Review Chapter 16 and notes)

19. The distribution of a polygenic trait will form a _______- shaped curve, as shown to the right.

20. What is being plotted on the x- axis? _____________________and y- axes _______________________?

21. There are three kinds of selection on a polygenic trait. Look at the following graphs and identify i.Type of selection, ii. How is the

population changing?

a. b. c.

22. Define speciation. ______________________________________________________________________________________________

23. What kind of isolation must occur for speciation to take place? __________________________________________________________

24. What selective pressure created the different species of finches below? ____________________________________________________

25. Darwin hypothesized that the finches had come from a ______________________ from the mainland and through the process called

_______________________ the birds developed specialized beaks to survive on different islands with different food sources.

[pic]

26. Study the table above and identify the common name of the finch that most likely survive a major drought? _______________________________

27. There are three kinds of Reproductive Isolating Mechanisms. List and describe them. Give one example for each.

|Reproductive Isolating Mechanism |Description |Example |

| | | |

|Geographic | | |

| | | |

|Temporal | | |

| | | |

|Behavioral | | |

28. _______________ are preserved remains of ancient organisms.

29. In _______________________ dating scientists calculate the actual age of a fossil based on the amount of radioactive isotopes it contains.

30. Relative dating involves _____________________________________________________________________________________.

31. List two reasons organisms become extinct.

a. _________________________

b. _________________________

32. Pattern of evolution in which long stable periods are interrupted by brief periods of more rapid change is called___________________________________________.

33. ___________________ is a process by which a single species evolves into many different forms over a period of time.

34. Define – Extinction____________________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________Ex.____________________________

35. Define- Convergent Evolution____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________Ex.____________________________

36. Define- Coevolution____________________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________Ex.____________________________

35. According to Figure 14-4, the correct chronological order of

organisms as they develop is _____.

a. birds, dinosaurs, jawed fish, prokaryotes

b. dinosaurs, jawed fish, birds, prokaryotes

c. jawed fish, dinosaurs, prokaryotes, birds

d. prokaryotes, jawed fish, dinosaurs, bird

36. What numbered layer of sediment contains the

oldest fossils in the picture to the right? ________

-----------------------

Type of Selection____________

How is the population changing?_____ _______________________________

_______________________________

_______________________________

_______________________________

_______________________________

Type of Selection___________

How is the population changing?_____ _______________________________

_______________________________

_______________________________

_______________________________

_______________________________

Type of Selection: _________________

How is the population changing? _____

________________________________

________________________________

________________________________

________________________________

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3.

2.

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