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PersepolisEssential Questions:How do people cope when their lives are changed by forces they cannot control? How do objects or everyday things make statements about war or characters experiencing war?How do the pathos, ethos, and logos of different texts and their treatments of war change our view of it?Name: ___________________Period: __________________What is a Graphic Novel? CLOZE READ: The following selection has words missing. Your job is to choose words from the word bank below to fill in the correct blank. Make sure to look for context clues (words around the blank that help you figure out what word goes there) to help you. What are Graphic Novels?"Graphic Novel"?is a _____________, not a genre. Graphic novels can be fiction, non-fiction,________________ , fantasy, or anything in-between.Graphic novels are similar to comic books because they use sequential art to tell a___________. Unlike comic books, graphic novels are generally stand-alone stories with more complex plots. Collections of short stories that have been previously published as individual comic books ____________also considered graphic novels.Major Types of Graphic NovelsLike traditional novels there are endless ways to _____________________________ different graphic novels. There are as many genres and sub-genres as in traditional fiction and non-fiction. The following are only a few of the most predominant categories.Manga:?The Japanese word for "comic" but in the US it is used to descripe Japanese style comics. Manga is read from__________ to bottom and right to left as this is the traditional Japanese reading pattern. Superhero Story:?Superhero graphic________________ have taken the most popular form of comics and turned what were once brief episodic adventures into epic sagas. Superhero comics are________________________ by a few mainstream publishers ________________ Marvel, DC, and Darkhorse.Personal Narratives ("Perzines"):?are ___________________________ stories written ___________ the author's personal experiences, opinions, and observations.Non-fiction:?are _____________ to perzine's in that they are written from the author's ___________________ experience, but the author is generally using their ________________ experience to touch upon a greater social issue.-914400457835dominatedautobiographicalcategorizehistoryformattoppersonalownfromstoryarenovelssimilarlike00dominatedautobiographicalcategorizehistoryformattoppersonalownfromstoryarenovelssimilarlikeWord BoxTerms To LearnLiterary Terms:Mood-__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Allusion-_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Dialogue- _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Graphic Novel- _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________Graphic Novel Terms:Panel- ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Frame- ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Gutter- _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Foreground- __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Figures-_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Text Captions- _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________Speech Balloons- ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________Argument Types:Ethos-_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Logos- ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Pathos- _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Other Terms Used In The Text, Or That Can Help With AnalysisHistorical- ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Secular- _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Theocracy- ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________The West- ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Characters, Events and Allusions in the TextDirections: In order to fully understand the events and references in Persepolis, you need to know about these important people, places, and ideas. You will research to find valid information about each of the terms listed below (1-5). For each, write down just a few sentences and the name of your source. Also, read through the rest of the terms so that you are prepared for reading.Persepolis – capitalism – socialism (or Marxism) – dialectical materialism – totalitarianism – the Shah - (formerly, in Iran) king; sovereign. There were two, the original Shah’s son was overthrown in the 1979 Islamic Revolution.Islamic Revolution – Iran 1979 – a state of revolt when the Iranian Shah was overthrown and an Islamic theocracy was put in place.Zarathustra - 6th century b.c., Persian religious teacher.Fidel Castro - A Cuban political leader of the twentieth century. He led the revolution that in 1959 overthrew the dictator of Cuba, who had the support of the United States. Castro then presided over his country's transformation into a communist state.Che Guevara - Theoretician and tactician of guerrilla warfare and prominent figure in Fidel Castro's revolution in Cuba (1956–59).Trotsky, Leon, 1879-1940, Russian Communist revolutionary, one of the principal leaders in the establishment of the USSRHossein Fatemi, PhD - was a famous politician of Iran, born in 1919 in Nain and was executed on 10 November 1954. He proposed the thesis of nationalization of Iranian oil and gas assets to Premiere MossadeghLocation, Location, Location54864002355215Pakistan0Pakistan-102870055880Kwl0Kwl342900170180Use (AND FILL OUT) the chart below to help you think about Iran. If you get stuck, ask yourself, what do you know about this place, what have you heard about it, what is its connection to the U.S., to Islam, to war? You will fill out the first two columns now, and come back to the last column at the end of this0Use (AND FILL OUT) the chart below to help you think about Iran. If you get stuck, ask yourself, what do you know about this place, what have you heard about it, what is its connection to the U.S., to Islam, to war? You will fill out the first two columns now, and come back to the last column at the end of this5257800151765What I learned00What I learned2743200151765What I want to know00What I want to know-45720086995What I already know00What I already knowKWL_________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________Ethos, Logos, & PathosIn PersepolisDirections: Find evidence in Persepolis of where the author uses Ethos, Logos, or Pathos and record the event or the quote in the appropriate spot below. EthosLogosPathos-1028700114300ComparativeText:By Eve Ensler00ComparativeText:By Eve EnslerWomen Left For Dead- And The Man Who’s Saving ThemDirections: Read the following text and UNDERLINE parts that use ethos, HIGHLIGHT the parts that use logos and Circle the parts that use pathos. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________I have just returned from hell. I am trying for the life of me to figure out how to communicate what I have seen and heard in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. How do I convey these stories of atrocities without your shutting down, quickly turning the page or feeling too disturbed?This journey was a departure for me. It began with a man, Dr. Denis Mukwege, and a conversation we had in New York City in December 2006, when he came to speak about his work helping women at Panzi Hospital in Bukavu. Something happened in this conversation that compelled me to go halfway around the world to visit the doctor, this holy man who was sewing up women as fast as the mad militiamen could rip them apart.I am going to tell the stories of the patients he saves so that the faceless, generic, raped women of war become Alfonsine and Nadine—women with names and memories and dreams. I am going to ask you to stay with me, to open your hearts, to be as outraged and nauseated as I felt sitting in Panzi Hospital in faraway Bukavu.Before I went to the Congo, I’d spent the past 10 years working on V-Day, the global movement to end violence against women and girls. I’d traveled to the rape mines of the world, places like Bosnia, Afghanistan and Haiti, where rape has been used as a tool of war. But nothing I ever experienced felt as ghastly, terrifying and complete as the sexual torture and attempted destruction of the female species here. I learned from my trip that there are men who take their sorrow and helplessness and destroy women’s bodies—and there are others with the same feelings who devote their lives to healing and serving. I do not know all the reasons men end up in one or the other of these groups, but I do know that one good man can create many more. One good man can inspire other men to ache for women, to fight for them and protect them. Dr. Mukwege picks me up at 6:30 A.M. It is a lush, clean morning. Eastern Congo, where Panzi Hospital is located, is wildly fertile.. There are more natural resources than almost anywhere else on the planet, yet 80 percent of the people make less than a dollar a day.Everyone knows the doctor, an ob-gyn. He waves and stops to inquire about this person’s health, that person’s mother. Most doctors, teachers and lawyers fled the Congo after the wars started. It never occurred to Dr. Mukwege to leave his people at their most desperate hour.He first became aware of the epidemic of rape in 1996. “I saw women who had been raped in an extremely barbaric way,” he recalls. “First, the women were raped in front of their children, their husbands and neighbors. Second, the rapes were done by many men at the same time. Third, not only were the women raped, but their vaginas were mutilated with guns and sticks. These situations show that sex was being used as a weapon that is cheap.“When rape is done in front of your family,” he continues, “it destroys everyone. I have seen men suffer who watched their wives raped; they are not mentally stable anymore. The children are in even worse condition. The whole family and community are broken.”We arrive at Panzi Hospital, a spread-out complex of about a dozen buildings. Eight years ago Dr. Mukwege created a special maternity ward here with an operating room. Panzi as a whole has 334 beds, 250 of which now hold female victims of sexual violence. It is early morning, and the hospital courtyard has been transformed into a temporary church. A dedicated staff of female nurses and social workers are there as well, dressed in their starched white jackets. There is singing, a combination of Pentecostal calls and Swahili rhythms, Sunday-morning voices calling up Jesus.As they sing, Dr. Mukwege tells me stories about the women in the chorus. Many were naked when they arrived, or starving. Many were so badly damaged he is amazed they are singing at all. He takes enormous pride in their recovery. “I will never be ashamed,” the women sing. “God gave me a new heart that I can be very strong.”“At the beginning I used to hear patients’ stories,” Dr. Mukwege tells me. “Now I abstain.” I soon understand why. I meet Nadine who tells me a tale so horrendous it will haunt me for years to come.When we begin talking, Nadine seems utterly disassociated from her surroundings—far away. “I’m 29,” she begins. “I am from the village of Nindja. Normally there was insecurity in our area. We would hide many nights in the bush. The soldiers found us there. They killed our village chief and his children. We were 50 women. I was with my three children and my older brother; they told him to have sex with me. He refused, so they cut his head and he died.”Nadine holds onto my hand as if she were drowning in a tsunami of memory. As devastated as she is, it is clear that she needs to be telling this story, needs me to listen to what she is saying. She closes her eyes and says something I cannot believe I’m hearing. “One of the soldiers cut open a pregnant woman,” she says. “It was a mature baby and they killed it. They cooked it and forced us to eat it.”Incredibly, Nadine was the only one of the 50 women to escape. “When I got away from the soldiers, there was a man passing. He said, ‘What is that bad smell?’ It was me; because of my wounds, I couldn’t control my urine or feces. I explained what had happened. The man wept right there. He and some others brought me to the Panzi Hospital.”She stops. Neither of us has breathed. Nadine looks at me, longing for me to make sense of what she’s related. She says, “When I got here I had no hope. But this hospital helped me so much. Whenever I thought about what happened, I became mad. I believed I would lose my mind. I asked God to kill me. Dr. Mukwege told me: Maybe God didn’t want me to lose my life.”Nadine later tells me that the doctor was right. As she fled the slaughter, she says, she saw an infant lying on the ground next to her slain parents. Nadine rescued the girl; now having a child to care for gives her reason to keep going. “I can’t go back to my village. It’s too dangerous. But if I had a place to live I could go to school. I lost my children but I’m raising this child as my own. This girl is my future.”I stay for a week at Panzi. Women line up to tell me their stories. They come into the interview numb, distant, glazed over, dead. They leave alive, grateful, empowered. I begin to understand that the deepest wound for them is the sense that they have been forgotten, that they are invisible and that their suffering has no meaning. Comparison QuestionsPart A: Directions: Answer the following questions in 2-3 sentencesHow does the article by Eve Ensler use ethos? _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________How does the article by Eve Ensler use logos? _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________How does the article by Eve Ensler use pathos? _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Part B: Directions: Answer the following questions in 4-5 sentences4. What is similar in the way women are treated or spoken about, so far, between Ensler’s article and Persepolis? ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________5. What is different in the way women are treated or spoken about, so far, between Ensler’s article and Persepolis? ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________6. How are men represented in both Ensler’s article and Perespolis? Why do you think they are shown this way? ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________-914400114300ComparativeText:From: NprOct. 15 201300ComparativeText:From: NprOct. 15 2013Mala Yousafzai: A ‘Normal,’Yet Powerful GirlDirections: Read the following text and UNDERLINE parts that use ethos, HIGHLIGHT the parts that use logos and Circle the parts that use pathos. Star selections that remind you of Persepolis and put a heart next to parts that remind you of Ensler’s article.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________"I think Malala is an average girl," Ziauddin Yousafzai says about the 16-year-old Pakistani girl who captured the world's attention after being shot by the Taliban, "but there's something extraordinary about her."-1143000354330000A teacher himself, Yousafzai inspired his daughter's fight to be educated. At a special event with Malala in Washington, D.C., he tells NPR's Michel Martin that he is often asked what training he gave to his daughter. "I usually tell people, 'You should not ask me what I have done. Rather you ask me, what I did not do,' " he says. "I did not clip her wings to fly. I did not stop her from flying."Yousafzai has this advice for parents of girls around the world: "Trust your daughters, they are faithful. Honor your daughters, they are honorable. And educate your daughters, they are amazing."A year after being shot, Malala is clear about her goal. "I speak for education of every child, in every corner of the world," Malala says. "There has been a discrimination in our society," which she believes must be defeated. "We women are going to bring change. We are speaking up for girls' rights, but we must not behave like men, like they have done in the past."Perhaps she has learned from her father's experience. When asked what gave him a passion for girls' education, Yousafzai points out that he was "born in a society where girls are ignored." Living with five sisters, he was sensitive to discrimination from an early age. "In the morning, I was used to milk and cream, and my sisters were given only tea," he says.Yousafzai felt the injustice even more when Malala was born. He later opened a school that Malala attended in the Swat Valley. At the time, the Taliban's influence was gaining power and both Yousafzais were firmly on their radar. "But we thought that even terrorists might have some ethics," Yousafzai says. "Because they destroyed some 1,500 schools but they never injured a child. And she was a child."Malala says that the shooting has taken away her fear. "I have already seen death and I know that death is supporting me in my cause of education. Death does not want to kill me," she says. "Before this attack, I might have been a little bit afraid how death would be. Now I'm not, because I have experienced it."When asked if she is having any fun now with all her campaigning, Malala laughs, "It's a very nice question. I miss those days." But she also says that there is another side to her than what is shown in the media. "Outside of my home, I look like a very obedient, very serious, very good kind of girl, but nobody knows what happens inside the house." There, she says, she's not naughty, but she has to stand up to her brothers. "It's good to fight with your brothers and it's good to tease them to give them advice."She says her little brother doesn't really understand why his sister has so much attention. "He said, 'Malala ... I can't understand why people are giving you prizes, and everywhere you go people say, 'This is Malala' and they give you awards, what have you done?' " she says.Malala knows the Taliban would still like to kill her, but she says she hopes to return to Pakistan one day. "First, I need to empower myself with knowledge, with education. I need to work hard," she says. "And when I [am] powerful, then I will go back to Pakistan, inshallah [God willing]."Comparison QuestionsPart A: Directions: Answer the following questions in1-2sentencesHow does this article use ethos? ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________How does this article use logos? ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________How does this article use pathos? _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Part B: Directions: Answer the following questions in 4-5 sentencesMala Yousafzai is from Pakistan, a country not far from Iran. What seems similar between Mala and Marji’s childhoods?________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Compare Mala and Marji’s families. In what ways are they similar? Different? Do you think these families would have been on the same side? Why or why not? _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________3. Marjane Satrapi is writing about Iran in the 1970’s, where as Mala is writing about Pakistan in 2012. In your opinion, has much changed? Why or why not? Do Satrapi and the article on Mala paint a positive picture of the middle east? Why or why not? _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Chapter QuestionsDirections: Answer each question in 1-2 COMPLETE sentences on a separate sheet of paper. Make sure to label each chunk of questions and to number each question you answer.Introduction, The VeilAccording to the introduction, what stereotypical image is Satrapi trying to dispel? The author indicates two motives for writing Persepolis What are they? 3. How was education affected by the new regime? Why? 4. What did the veil symbolize? 5. How do women respond to the veil? Why? 6. Why was a picture of Marjane’s mother published in the newspaper? How did her mother respond? Why? The Bicycle, The Water Cell, Persepolis, The Letter 8. How does Marji’s relationship with God begin to change? 9. What happened at the Rex Cinema? What does the Shah say? What do Marjane’s parents know? rightcenter10. Why did Marji’s parents react to her statement about the Shah (hint: her family history)? 11. What was Marji’s grandfather’s job under Reza? How did his beliefs change and how did his life change? 13. How did the new Shah’s rule compare to his father’s? 14 What did Marji’s father do every day that makes her mother so nervous? Why is this activity strictly forbidden?15. What causes Marji to feel so ashamed? Why? 16. How does Marji view Mehri? How does Mehri view Marji? 17. What happened on black Friday> Why? What painful lesson did Marji learn? The Party, The Heroes, Moscow18. According to Marji’s dd, why will the Middle East never have peace? What do you think? 19. What contributes to Marji’s anger and confusion when she returns to school? 20. What two lessons does Marji learn from her mother? 21. Where had Siamak and Mohsen been for the last several years? Why?22. Who led the training in torture practice?23. According to Marji, what makes a hero? 24. Who is Anoosh? How does Marji feel about him? Why?25. Where did Anoosh go after Fereydoon’s arrest? When he had to leave, where did he go? 26. What gift does Anoosh give to Marji? What might it symbolize?342900center00The Sheep, The Trip, The F-14’s27. What is the significance of this title? How does it help to characterize the people of Iran?28.What was the reported outcome of the elections? How does Marji’s father explain these results?29. Why do Marji’s parents subject themselves to a political upheaval and refuse to leave Iran? What is their opinion of those who let? 30. Why does the new regime close the universities?31. What event causes Marji’s mom to take her bed for several days? 32. What does Saddam Hussein do at the end of this chapter? Why?33. How does Marji feel about the new war?34. How does Marji reflect the common stereotypical thinking of other Iranians? How does Marji’s dad cut through her propaganda induced thinking? The Jewels, the Key, The Wine35. What is one of the ramifications of the nation’s political conflict?251460020574000036. Besides their possessions, what else have refugee families lost?37. What might be the purpose of publishing Iran’s “martyrs”?38. Why was Marji’s generation so rebellious? What does the teacher blame?39.Who does the government recruit to serve on the front lines of the war? How do they persuade them? Can you think of another time when this practice has been used?40. How did the interior of their homes reflect the external changes that were coming? What two things did they need to protect themselves against?The Cigarette41. What did the local news report about the war? What did Marji realize about this information? 42. What was Marji’s motive for breaking her parents’ rules?43. What was Marji’s destination? What was its reputation? How do you think it was able to survive the regime’s repression? 44. What did the survival of the regime depend on? What was the human cost of this survival? 45. What was Marji’s symbolic act of rebellion? Describe her interesting response? The Passport, Kim Wilde, The Shabbat, The Dowry46. How long were the boarders of Iran closed?47. In front of the hospital, what request is made of the Iranian people?48. What problem does Marji’s parents face as they return from their trip to Istanbul? How does Marji’s Mom show her ingenuity? 49. How did Marji’s mother compare to other Iranian mothers? How does Marji’s relationship with her seem to reflect typical parent-child issues? 50. Why will Marji have to go before the committee? What would happen there? How does Marji avoid going before the committee? 51. What did the sirens signify? What did Marji realize for the first time? What does this show? 52. What did Marji learn about the government in her new school? How did she respond? 53. Where do Marji’s parents decide to send their daughter? Why? What is Marji’s reaction? ................
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