PERIODIC TABLE



PERIODIC TABLE

|Key idea: Explain the properties of material in terms of arrangement and properties of the atoms that compose them. |

|Performance indicator: 3.1 |

|Aim: |Major Understanding |Performance Objective; |Activities and |Standards |

| | |Students will be able to: |Real World Application: | |

|How is the periodic table arranged? |The succession of elements across the same |State the periodic law in their own words |Students will be given index cards listing the|S1a |

| |period demonstrates characteristic trends: |Define groups and periods found on the |chemical and physical properties of unknown |S1b |

| |differences in atomic radius, ionic radius, |periodic table. |elements. They will then place these elements|S1c |

| |electronegativity, first ionization energy, |Infer whether elements are metals, nonmetals, |in their correct group and period. |S4a |

| |and metallic properties. |or metalloids. |Students can perform a Tetris-like game by |S4b |

| | |Judge the relationship between an element’s |connecting to: |S5b |

| |The placement or location of an element on the|position on the table and its chemical | |

| |Periodic Table gives an indication of physical|properties. |. |Use |

| |and chemical properties of that element. The | | |Table |

| |elements on the Periodic Table are arranged in| | |P 8-9 |

| |order of increasing atomic number. | | | |

|How do we classify elements? |Elements can be classified by their |Determine whether an element is a solid liquid|1.The teacher will distribute several samples |S1a |

| |properties, and located on the Periodic Table,|or gas at room temp. |of substances. Students will make |S1b |

| |as metals, nonmetals, metalloids (B,Si, Ge, | |observations, record properties, and classify |S1c |

| |As, Sb,Te). and noble gases. |Classify elements as metals, nonmetals, |the substances according to observable |S4a |

| | |metalloids and noble gases by their properties|characteristics. The properties of metals and|S4b |

| |Elements can be differentiated by their | |nonmetals should be discussed accordingly. |S4d |

| |physical properties. Physical properties of |Predict physical properties of substances such| |S4e |

| |substances, such as density, conductivity, |as conductivity, malleability, luster, |2. Hammering sulfur and sheets of copper. |S5b |

| |malleability, solubility, and hardness, differ|hardness, and other properties based on the | | |

| |among elements. |location of the element in the group. |3. Heating wire in a flame. Students will | |

| | | |identify and classify selected elements by | |

| |Elements can be differentiated by chemical | |their properties. | |

| |properties, which describe how an element | | | |

| |behaves. | |-rwa- | |

| | | |Jewelry, wires, and gasses. | |

|How do we identify trends across the periodic |The succession of elements within the same |Define: Atomic radius Ionization energy |Have students use the reference tables to |S1a |

|table? |group demonstrates characteristic trends: |Electronegativity Metallic character Identify |graph atomic number versus covalent radius for|S1b |

| |differences in atomic radius, ionic radius, |trends down a group and across a period. |elements 3-10. Then you can graph 11-13 using |S1a |

| |electronegativity, first ionization energy, | |different color ink. Student should then |S1b |

| |and metallic properties. |Predict the properties of elements in group |explain the trends across these periods. |S1c |

| | |1,2, the transition elements and 13-18. | |S4d |

| | | |Students use the CBL program to graph radius |S4e |

| | |Explain why group 17 contains elements in all |profiles of elements in a group, and to graph |S5b |

| |For groups 1,2, and 13-18 on the periodic |3 phases at room temperature. |radii of elements in a period | |

| |table, elements within the same group have the|Explain why group 18 elements are inert. | |Use |

| |same number of valence electrons (helium is an| |Predict reactivity of metals down a group and |Table |

| |exception) and therefore similar chemical | |across a period when the teacher demonstrate |P 8-9 |

| |properties. | |reactivity of Group I and Group II with water.| |

|Why do elements in selected groups exhibit | | |(Use extreme caution) |Use |

|similar chemical properties? | | | |Table S |

| | | |Determine the group of a given element. | |

|What is the nature of isotopes? |The number of protons in an atom (atomic |Determine the identity of an element from its |Students will be given a handout containing |S1a |

| |number) identifies the element. The sum of |atomic number |unidentified elements with the number of |S1b |

| |the protons and neutrons in an atom (mass | |protons and neutrons. Using these information|S4a |

| |number) identifies an isotope. Common |Define mass number and isotope. |students will correctly identify the unknown |S5b |

| |notations that represent isotopes include: | |elements its atomic number and its mass | |

| |Carbon-14 |Identify isotopes. |number. |Use |

| | | | |Table |

| | |Generalize the idea of isotopic property for |Challenge the students to investigate why the |P 8-9 |

| | |certain groups of the periodic table. |atomic number is a whole integer while the | |

| | | |atomic mass contains decimals. | |

| | |Speculate whether all isotopes of various | | |

| | |elements exist on other planets. |Connect to: | |

| | | |. | |

| | | |Go to the earthscience menu for an interactive| |

| | | |session on planets and its components | |

| | | | | |

| | | |-rwa- | |

| | | | | |

| | | |Use of Carbon-14 for dating of artifacts and | |

| | | |important documents. | |

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