TEST REVIEW - Brim's Science Stuff



TEST REVIEW

Chapters 4 and 5

1. Describe the development of the atomic theory – know the contributions of the Greeks (Democritus), John Dalton, J. J. Thomson, Ernest Rutherford, and Niels Bohr.

2. List and describe the parts of the atom - proton, neutron, electron (location, charge, amu, and how to determine the number in an atom), and nucleus and electron cloud (contents, charge, mass).

3. Define atomic number, atomic mass, and mass number.

4. Be able to use the mass number and the atomic number to determine the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons of an element.

5. Define isotope and be able to look at two samples and determine if they are isotopes or different elements.

6. Be able to use the periodic table to determine the atomic number and mass number as well as the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons of an element.

7. Be able to calculate the average atomic mass of an element if you are given the relative abundance and atomic mass of each isotope of the element.

8. Be able to discuss difference between a nuclear change and a chemical change.

9. Be able to discuss how radioactive elements become stable and what to look for to determine stability.

10. Define radioactivity and be able to list the three forms of radiation, their composition, shielding, and whether they are particles or energy.

11. Be able to balance nuclear equations with alpha, beta, and gamma radiation

12. Know the parts of the electromagnetic spectrum. Know which part has the most energy and which part has the least amount. Know the order of the visible light colors.

13. Define wave and the characteristics of a wave (amplitude, frequency, wavelength, and speed).

14. Be able to solve equations using the formula, speed = wavelength times frequency.

15. Know that light is composed of bundles of energy called quanta or photons.

16. Be able to solve equations using the formula, Energy = Planck’s constant times frequency. (I will give you Planck’s constant on the test.)

17. Define atomic emission (bright line) spectra and know a practical application.

18. Be able to state the Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle, Aufbau’s rule, Hund’s rule, and Pauli’s Exclusion Principle.

19. Be able to describe the quantum mechanical model of the atom (wave model).

20. Describe the four quantum numbers.

21. Determine the electron configurations, orbital diagrams, and electron dot diagrams for a specific element or ion. (I will NOT give you a filling diagram.)

22. Given an electron configuration, be able to identify the element.

To study for this test, you should have the following:

Notes: Atomic Theory, Subatomic Particles, Radiation, The Wave Nature of Light, Atomic Emission Spectra, Quantum Numbers, Electron Configuration, Oddballs, Ions, Orbital Diagrams, and Electron Dot Diagrams

Homework: Chapters 4, 5, and 25 problem sets, Handouts (Electron Hotel, Electron Configuration and Orbital Diagrams /Electron Dot Diagrams, Review sheet),

SOME REVIEW PRACTICE:

1. Find the number of protons, electrons, and ________ p+ _________ n( ________ e-

neutrons in a neutral atom of silicon-29, Z = 14

2. Find the number of protons, electrons, and ________ p+ _________ n( ________ e-

neutrons in a neutral atom of germanium-73, Z = 32

3. Find the atomic number and mass number of an Z = _________ A = ________

Atom containing 45 protons, 45 electrons, and 58 neutrons

4. Find the atomic number and mass number of an Z = _________ A = ________

Atom containing 35 neutrons and 29 electrons

5. Find the average atomic mass for copper if 69.09% of copper-63 has an atomic mass of 62.93 and 30.91% of copper-65 has a mass of 64.9278.

FORMULAS E = h x frequency Planck’s constant = 6.626 x 10-34 J/Hz

C = wavelength x frequency speed of light = 3.00 x 108

6. My favorite radio station operates on a frequency of 94.1 MHz (9.41 x 107 Hz). What is the wavelength in meters of these waves?

7. What is the speed of light that has a wavelength of 522 nm and a frequency of 5.75 x 1014 Hz?

8. Calculate the frequency of light that has a wavelength of 4.54 x 10-7 m. Using Planck’s energy equation, calculate the energy of this light.

9. Write the electron configuration, orbital diagram, and electron dot diagram for the following elements.

a. Silicon

b. calcium

c. gallium

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