California Compilation of School Discipline Laws and ...

[Pages:221]California Compilation of School

Discipline Laws and Regulations

Prepared: March 31, 2021

Introduction

This compilation presents school discipline-related laws and regulations for U.S. states, U.S. territories, and the District of Columbia, and, where available, links to education agency websites or resources related to school discipline and student conduct. The discipline laws and regulations presented in this compilation have been categorized by type of specific discipline issue covered, according to an organizational framework developed by the National Center for Safe and Supportive Learning Environments (NCSSLE). For example, one major category encompasses all laws or regulations governing states or territories that mandate specific disciplinary sanctions (such as suspension) for specific offenses (such as drug possession on school grounds). The school discipline laws and regulations were compiled through exhaustive searches of legislative websites that identified all laws and regulations relevant to each specific category. Compiled materials were subsequently reviewed by state education agency (SEA) representatives in the 50 states, Washington D.C., and the U.S. territories.

Discipline categories were not mutually exclusive. Laws and regulations often appeared across multiple categories. For jurisdictions with more extensive laws covering a breadth of topical areas, relevant sections were excerpted from the larger legislative text for inclusion in the appropriate discipline category. Laws, ordered by chapter and section number, appear first within each category followed by regulations. All laws and regulations listed within categories in the compilation also appear in the sources cited section of the document, which lists laws by chapter and section number and title, and where available, includes active hyperlinks to source websites supported or maintained by state legislatures. Additional links to government websites or resources are provided at the end of this document.

Notes & Disclaimers

To the best of the preparer's knowledge, this Compilation of School Discipline Laws and Regulations is complete and current as of March 2021. Readers should also note that the information in this document was compiled from individual sources that are created by each jurisdiction and which are maintained and updated with varying frequencies. Readers should consult the source information provided directly in order to check for updates to laws and regulations reported in this document or to conduct further research.

For further information, including definitions of the different policy categories, please refer to the Discipline Laws and Regulations Compendium posted on the Center's website.

Prepared by:

Child Trends 7315 Wisconsin Avenue Suite 1200W Bethesda, Maryland 20814

EMT Associates, Inc. 1631 Creekside Drive Suite 100 Folsom, California 95630

Table of Contents

California State Codes Cited .................................................................................................................... 1

Codes of Conduct ................................................................................................................................... 10 Authority to Develop and Establish Codes of Conduct .......................................................................... 10 Scope .................................................................................................................................................... 13 Communication of Policy....................................................................................................................... 14

In-School Discipline................................................................................................................................ 16 Discipline Frameworks .......................................................................................................................... 16 Teacher Authority to Remove Students From Classrooms ................................................................... 16 Alternatives to Suspension.................................................................................................................... 17

Conditions on Use of Certain Forms of Discipline............................................................................... 26 Corporal Punishment ............................................................................................................................ 26 Search and Seizure............................................................................................................................... 27 Restraint and Seclusion ........................................................................................................................ 28

Exclusionary Discipline: Suspension, Expulsion, and Alternative Placement.................................. 36 Grounds for Suspension or Expulsion................................................................................................... 36 Limitations or Conditions on Exclusionary Discipline ............................................................................ 41 Due Process.......................................................................................................................................... 47 Return to School Following Removal .................................................................................................... 58 Alternative Placements ......................................................................................................................... 61

Discipline Addressing Specific Code of Conduct Violations .............................................................. 73 Firearms and Other Weapons Violations .............................................................................................. 73 Students with Chronic Disciplinary Issues............................................................................................. 84 Chronic Absenteeism and Truancy ....................................................................................................... 86 Substance Use...................................................................................................................................... 98 Gang-related Activity........................................................................................................................... 108 Bullying, Harassment, or Hazing ......................................................................................................... 114 Dating and Relationship Violence ....................................................................................................... 130

Prevention, Behavioral Intervention, and Supports........................................................................... 133 State Model Policies and Implementation Support.............................................................................. 133 Multi-tiered Frameworks and Systems of Support............................................................................... 142 Prevention ........................................................................................................................................... 143 Social-emotional Learning (SEL)......................................................................................................... 147 Trauma-informed Practices ................................................................................................................. 148 Mental Health Literacy Training........................................................................................................... 149 School-based Behavioral Health Programs ........................................................................................ 150

Monitoring and Accountability ............................................................................................................ 161 Formal Incident Reporting of Conduct Violations ................................................................................ 161 Parental Notification ............................................................................................................................ 169 Data Collection, Review, and Reporting of Discipline Policies and Actions ........................................ 178

Partnerships between Schools and Law Enforcement...................................................................... 185 Referrals to Law Enforcement............................................................................................................. 185 School Resource Officer (SRO) or School Security Officer (SSO) Training or Certification ................ 210 Authorizations, Memoranda of Understanding (MOUs), and/or Funding............................................. 212 Threat Assessment Protocols ............................................................................................................. 215

State-Sponsored, Publicly Available Websites or Other Resources on School Discipline ............ 216

California State Codes Cited

California Revised Laws

Civil Code - CIV

Division 3. Obligations [1427 ? 3273.16]

Part 3. Obligations Imposed by Law [1708 - 1725]

1708.9.

Education Code - EDC

Title 1. General Education Code Provisions [1 - 32500]

Division 1. General Education Code Provisions [1 - 32500]

Part 1. General Provisions [1 - 446]

Chapter 2. Educational Equity [200 ? 262.4]

Article 1. Declaration of Purpose [200 - 201]

200.

201.

Article 2.5. Pupil and Student Suicide Prevention Policies [215 - 216]

215.

Article 2.7. Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, Queer, and Questioning Pupil Resources [218 218]

218.

Article 3. Prohibition of Discrimination [220 - 221.1]

221.1.

Article 5. Hate Violence Prevention Act [233 - 233.8]

233.

233.5.

233.8.

Article 5.5. Safe Place to Learn Act [234 -234.5]

234.

234.1.

234.2.

234.3.

234.4.

Article 5.6. Bullying and Harassment Prevention Information [234.6 ? 234.6.]

234.5.

234.6.

Part 2. County Educational Agencies [1000 - 2603]

Chapter 6.5. County Community Schools [1980 - 1986]

1980.

1981.

1981.5.

1983.

1984.

1986.

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Part 6. Education Programs - State Master Plans [8006 - 9004]

Chapter 5. Healthy Start Support Services for Children Act [8800 -8807]

Article 2. Healthy Start Support Services for Children Program Council and Grant Program [8803 8804.5]

8804.

Part 19. Miscellaneous [32001 - 32454]

Chapter 2.5. Interagency School Safety Demonstration Act of 1985 [32260 - 32295.5]

Article 1. General Provisions [32260 - 32262]

32261.

Article 2. Conferences [32265 - 32265]

32265.

Article 3. School Safety Cadre [32270- 32270]

32270.

Article 5. School Safety Plans [32280 - 32289.5]

32280.

32281.

32282.

32282.1.

32283.

32283.5.

Title 2. Elementary and Secondary Education [33000 - 65001]

Division 2. State Administration [33000 - 33596]

Part 20. State Educational Agencies [33000 - 33596]

Chapter 1. State Board of Education [33000 - 33053]

Article 2. Powers and Duties [33030 - 33042]

33031.

Chapter 2. Superintendent of Public Instruction [33100 - 33195.6]

Article 2. Powers and Duties [33110 - 33133.5]

33126.

Chapter 3. State Department of Education [33300 - 33479.9]

Article 10. The Learning Communities for School Success Program [33430 - 33436]

33432.

33433.

Chapter 4. State Educational Commissions and Committees [33500 - 33596]

Article 3. Instructional Quality Commission [33530 - 33546]

33544.

33545.

33546.

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Division 3. Local Administration [35000 - 45500]

Part 21. Local Educational Agencies [35000 - 35787]

Chapter 1. School Districts [35000 - 35046]

Article 3. Officers and Agents [35020 - 35046]

35021.5.

Chapter 2. Governing Boards [35100 - 35401]

Article 3. Meetings [35140 - 35149]

35146.

Article 4.7. Miscellaneous Administrative Authority [35181 - 35186]

35181.

35183.

Article 10. School Maintenance [35290 - 35293]

35291.

35291.5.

Part 23. Supplemental Services [38000 - 38139]

Chapter 1. Security Departments [38000- 38005]

38000.

38001.5.

Part 25. Employees [44000 - 45500]

Chapter 1. Employees [44000 - 44114]

Article 2. Rights and Duties [44030 - 44050]

44046.

44049.

Chapter 2. Teacher Credentialing [44200 - 44418]

Article 4. Credential Types [44250 - 44277]

44276.1.

Chapter 3. Certificated Employees [44420 - 44671]

Article 12. School-Based Management and Advanced Career Opportunities for Classroom Teachers Programs [44666 - 44669]

44667.

Chapter 4. Employment-Certificated Employees [44800 - 45061.5]

Article 1. Rights and Duties [44800 - 44824]

44807.

Division 4. Instruction and Services [46000 - 65001]

Part 27. Pupils [48000 - 49703]

Chapter 2. Compulsory Education Law [48200 - 48361]

Article 1. Persons Included [48200 - 48208]

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48202.

Article 2. Persons Excluded [48210 - 48216]

48213.

Article 4. Supervisors of Attendance [48240 - 48246]

48240.

48246.

Article 5. Truants [48260 - 48273]

48260. 48260.5. 48260.6.

48261. 48262. 48263.

48263.5. 48263.6. 48264.

48264.5. 48266. 48267.

48268. 48269. 48273.

Article 6. Violations [48290 - 48297]

48297.

Article 8. School Attendance Review Boards [48320 - 48325]

48320. 48321.

48321.5. 48322.

48323. 48324.

48325.

Article 9. Improvement of Pupil Attendance [48340 - 48341]

48340. Chapter 3. Compulsory Continuation Education [48400 - 48454]

Article 3. Continuation Classes [48430 - 48438]

48432.

Chapter 4. Attendance at Adjustment Schools [48600 - 48666]

Article 2.5. Juvenile Court Schools [48645 - 48647]

48645.

48645.2.

48645.3.

48645.5.

48646.

48647.

Article 3. Community Day Schools [48660 - 48666]

48660.

48660.1.

48661.

48662.

48663.

Chapter 6. Pupil Rights and Responsibilities [48900 - 49051]

Article 1. Suspension and Expulsion [48900 - 48927]

48900. 48900.1. 48900.2. 48900.3. 48900.4. 48900.5. 48900.6. 48900.7.

48900.8. 48900.9. 48901. 48902. 48903. 48904. 48905. 48906.

48909. 48910. 48911. 48911.1. 48911.2. 48911.5. 48912. 48912.5.

48914. 48915. 48915.01. 48915.1. 48915.2. 48915.5. 48916. 48916.1.

48916.5. 48917. 48918. 48918.1. 48918.5. 48918.6. 48919. 48919.5.

48920. 48921. 48922. 48923. 48926.

Article 1.5. Transfer of Pupil Convicted of Violent Felony or Misdemeanor [48929- 48929.]

48929.

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