State Comparisons of Education Statistics: 1969-70 to 1996-97

NATIONAL CENTER FOR EDUCATION STATISTICS

Compendium

November 1998

State Comparisons

of Education

Statistics:

1969-70 to 1996-97

U. S. Department of Education

Office of Educational Research and Improvement

NCES 98-018

U.S. Department of Education

Richard W. Riley

Secretary

Office of Educational Research and Improvement

C. Kent McGuire

Assistant Secretary

National Center for Education Statistics

Pascal D. Forgione, Jr.

Commissioner

The National Center for Education Statistics (NCES) is the primary federal entity for

collecting, analyzing, and reporting data related to education in the United States and

other nations. It fulfills a congressional mandate to collect, collate, analyze, and report

full and complete statistics on the condition of education in the United States; conduct

and publish reports and specialized analyses of the meaning and significance of such

statistics; assist state and local education agencies in improving their statistical systems;

and review and report on education activities in foreign countries.

NCES activities are designed to address high priority education data needs; provide

consistent, reliable, complete, and accurate indicators of education status and trends; and

report timely, useful, and high quality data to the U.S. Department of Education, the

Congress, the states, other education policymakers, practitioners, data users, and the

general public.

We strive to make our products available in a variety of formats and in language that is

appropriate to a variety of audiences. You, as our customer, are the best judge of our

success in communicating information effectively. If you have any comments or

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you. Please direct your comments to:

National Center for Education Statistics

Office of Educational Research and Improvement

U.S. Department of Education

555 New Jersey Avenue, NW

Washington, DC 20208¨C5651

November 1998

The NCES World Wide Web Home Page address is

Suggested Citation

U.S. Department of Education. National Center for Education Statistics. State

Comparisons of Education Statistics: 1969-70 to 1996-97, NCES 98-018, by Thomas

Snyder, Leff Hoffman, and Claire Geddes. Washington DC: 1998.

Contact:

Thomas Snyder

(202) 219-1689

FOREWORD

State Comparisons of Education Statistics: 1969¨C70 to 1996¨C97

State Comparisons contains information on elementary and secondary schools and institutions of

higher education aggregated at a state level. The report contains a wide array of statistical data ranging

from enrollments and enrollment ratios to teacher

salaries and institutional finances. The report was designed to meet the needs of state and local education officials and analysts who need convenient access to state level statistics, without consulting numerous volumes and conflicting sources. Many revisions and updates that have occurred over the years

have been incorporated in this volume. This up-todate time series report contains NCES¡¯s most frequently requested state level statistics.

State Comparisons reflects an extension of the

prior three editions in NCES¡¯s historical state education publications. In addition, State Comparisons

provides detailed analytical tables that highlight more

recent data. The State Comparisons project also was

designed to provide an update of statistical data that

may be obtained through the Department¡¯s Web site

and Encyclopedia of Education Statistics retrieval

system.

The analytical tables in State Comparisons draw

on information available in the Digest of Education

Statistics, 1997 as well as newer data recently released and other material specially arranged for this

volume. Examples of special material for this volume

include:

? Percentage of students participating in federal special education programs

? Trends in revenues for public elementary and secondary schools, by source

? Size of public school districts

? Distribution of college graduates, by major field of

study

? Educational and general expenditures per FTE student, by type and control of institution

These materials supplement the core historical statistics, which provide annual time-series data from

1969¨C70 to 1994¨C95, and in some cases 1995¨C96 or

1996¨C97. Some historical tables contain somewhat

different time periods, because of the limitations of

data availability.

iii

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

Many people have contributed in one way or another to the development of State Comparisons of

Education Statistics: 1969¨C70 to 1996¨C97. Thomas

D. Snyder was responsible for the overall development and preparation of this publication. Charlene M.

Hoffman provided technical assistance in all phases

of its preparation and was responsible for developing

tables on degrees conferred. Claire Geddes prepared

statistical materials, reviewed the textual materials,

and prepared the Guide to Sources. State Comparisons of Education Statistics was prepared under the

general direction of Martin E. Orland. In the Office of

Information Services, Phil Carr designed the cover.

Jerry Fairbanks of the U.S. Government Printing Office managed the typesetting.

Producers and users of federal statistics are always indebted to those individuals and institutions

who provide the original survey information. In particular, we would like to extend our thanks to the

Common Core of Data (CCD) and Integrated Post-

secondary Education Data System (IPEDS) state coordinators whose efforts have made this publication

possible.

State Comparisons of Education Statistics has

been reviewed by individuals within and outside the

Department of Education. We wish to thank them for

their time and expert advice. In the Office of Educational Research and Improvement (OERI), Marilyn

McMillen, Mary Frase, W. Vance Grant, Frank Morgan, and Frank Johnson reviewed the manuscript.

Ellen Bradburn (Education Statistics Services Institute), Rolf Blank (Council of Chief State School Officers), Lisa Ross (National Council of Higher Education Loan Programs), and Jewell Gould (American

Federation of Teachers) also reviewed the document.

Within the Department of Education, reviews were

conducted by the Office of Non-Public Education; Office of Bilingual Education, Minority Language Affairs;

Office of the Deputy Secretary, Budget Service; and

Office of Vocational and Adult Education.

v

Contents

Page

Foreword ...................................................................................................................................

iii

Acknowledgments .....................................................................................................................

v

Chapter 1. Context of Education ..............................................................................................

1

Chapter 2. Elementary and Secondary Education ...................................................................

11

Chapter 3. Postsecondary Education .......................................................................................

109

Guide to Sources ......................................................................................................................

235

Definitions .................................................................................................................................

245

Figures

1.

Percentage of persons 25 years old and over with a high school diploma or more,

by state: 1996 .............................................................................................................

2

Limited English speaking residents as a percentage of total population, 5 years old

and over, by state: April 1990 ....................................................................................

4

3.

5- to 17-year-olds as a percentage of total population, by state: 1996 ........................

12

4.

Percentage change in public elementary and secondary enrollment, by state:

Fall 1990 to fall 1995 ..................................................................................................

14

Students participating in special programs for the disabled as a percentage of public

school enrollment, by state: 1996¨C97 ........................................................................

16

Pupil/teacher ratios in public elementary and secondary schools, by state:

Fall 1995 .....................................................................................................................

18

Percentage of public school teachers with more than 20 years of teaching

experience, by state: 1993¨C94 ...................................................................................

20

Public school teachers as a percentage of public school system staff, by state:

Fall 1995 .....................................................................................................................

21

9.

Average enrollment size of public schools: 1995¨C96 ....................................................

23

10.

Current expenditure per student in average daily attendance in public elementary

and secondary schools, by state: 1995¨C96 ...............................................................

24

Instruction expenditure per student in average daily attendance in public elementary

and secondary schools, by state: 1995¨C96 ...............................................................

25

12.

Higher education enrollment as a percentage of total population, by state: 1996 ........

110

13.

Enrollment in private institutions of higher education as a percentage of total higher

education enrollment, by state: 1996 .........................................................................

112

Percentage of all college students in public 2-year institutions of higher education,

by state: Fall 1996 ......................................................................................................

113

2.

5.

6.

7.

8.

11.

14.

vii

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