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Diabetes:

The Impact of Multiple Chronic Conditions

Introduction

In 2000, 12 million Americans were estimated to have diabetes, making it the seventh most common chronic condition in the United States. One in ten Americans with a chronic condition has diabetes.

Figure 1

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Age Distribution

Diabetes is a chronic condition that increases in prevalence with age. Diabetes is most common in people over the age of 65: one person in six in the 65-74 age group, and one person in seven in the 75+ group, has diabetes. Just one person in twenty under the age of 64 has diabetes.

Figure 2

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Diabetes and Other Chronic Conditions

Only one person with diabetes in six has no other chronic conditions. On average, a person with diabetes has 3.5 other chronic conditions. There is a positive relationship between age and number of other chronic conditions in people with diabetes, as demonstrated in Figure 3. One person with diabetes in thirty in the 0-17 age group and one person in three in the 18-34 age group have other chronic conditions; by contrast, four in five people age 65-74 and five in six people over age 75 have more than one other chronic condition.

Figure 3

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The most common comorbid condition across all age groups that people with diabetes have is hypertension (52%). The next-most common chronic conditions are: high cholesterol (25%); heart disease (25%); and arthritis (23%).

Figure 4

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The most common comorbidities vary by age. The most common comorbidity for people in the 0-17 age group is ear conditions (15%). Hypertension is the most common comorbidity for people in the 18-34 age group

(20%); the 35-64 age group (49%); the 65-74 age group (64%); and the 75+ age group (59%).

Table 1

|Age Group |Most Common Comorbidity (%) |Second-Most Common Comorbidity (%)|

|0-17 |Ear Conditions (15%) |Allergies (9%) |

|18-34 |Hypertension (20%) |Allergies (15%) |

|35-64 |Hypertension (49%) |High Cholesterol (24%) |

|65-74 |Hypertension (64%) |High Cholesterol (33%) |

|75+ |Hypertension (59%) |Heart Disease (45%) |

Costs of Diabetes

The average health expenditure for people with diabetes is $6,683. There is a positive relationship between average expenditure and number of comorbid chronic conditions, as demonstrated in Figure 5.

Figure 5

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There is also a positive relationship between average expenditure and age, as demonstrated in Figure 6.

Figure 6

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About Partnership for Solutions

Partnership for solutions, led by Johns Hopkins University and the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, is an initiative to improve the care and quality of life for the estimated 125 million Americans with chronic health conditions. The Partnership is engaged in three major activities conducting original research and identifying existing research that clarifies the nature of the problem; communicating these research findings to policymakers, business leaders, health professionals, advocates, and others; and working with public and private programs to identify promising solutions to the problems faced by people with chronic conditions.

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June

2004

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