Iowa State University



Exam 5 Practice Exam Define the following: Karyokinesis – Cytokinesis – Interphase includes which of the following phases of the cell cycle? G1, G2, Mitosis G1, S, G2G1, Cytokinesis, G1G1, S, M Healthy humans have ____ individual chromosomes, or, _____ pairs of chromosomes in each somatic cell. 46, 2323, 4646, 4623, 23Chromosomes are found on genes. TrueFalse ______ is the result of an unregulated cell cycle. Cell division Mitosis Cancer Meiosis ______ and ______ are only present during ______ and occur between homologous chromosomes. Synapsis; chiasmata; mitosis Cleavage furrow; chiasmata; mitosis Synapsis; chiasmata; meiosis Cleavage furrow; synapsis; meiosis Synapsis is A pairing of homologous chromosomesA pairing of homologous allelesA pairing of homologous sister chromatidsA pairing of homologous genesCompare and contrast Mendel’s two laws in the table below. Mendel’s Chromosomal Law of Independent Assortment Mendel’s Chromosomal Law of Segregation Definition: Definition: Does this idea pertain to chromosomes or genes? Does this idea pertain to chromosomes or genes? Occurs in which phase of meiosis? Occurs in which stage of Meiosis? In a monohybrid cross, the dominant to recessive traits (the phenotype) will be present in a 3:1 ratio in the F2 generation. TrueFalseCystic Fibrosis is an autosomal recessive disorder that leads to the increase in mucus aggregation within the lungs of individuals who express both recessive alleles of the CFTR gene on chromosome 7. Harry Potter and Ginny Weasley visit a genetic counselor to inquire about any potential CF risks with regards to their future offspring since CF was found to be commonly passed down within the Potter family. The results from the genetic screening are as followed. 3:1 phenotypic ratio of dominant to recessive alleles1:2:1 genotypic ratio (how many of each type of genotype is formed)Knowing these ratios, predict the genotype and phenotype of both Harry and Ginny (hint – work backwards towards creating a Punnett square using these ratios):Whenever a test cross is performed with an organism of an undefined genotype, what must the genotype be of the organism that you are experimentally crossing it with? What is incomplete dominance? The FI hybrid of a cross between two true-breeding parents has an intermediate phenotype Two alleles are fully expressed in a heterozygous individual Individual genes can affect more than one phenotypic traitMultiple genes (not alleles) are controlling a single trait What is pleiotropy? The FI hybrid of a cross between two true-breeding parents has an intermediate phenotypeTwo alleles are fully expressed in a heterozygous individualIndividual genes can affect more than one phenotypic traitMultiple genes (not alleles) are controlling a single trait What are polygenic traits? The FI hybrid of a cross between two true-breeding parents has an intermediate phenotypeTwo alleles are fully expressed in a heterozygous individualIndividual genes can affect more than one phenotypic traitMultiple genes (not alleles) are controlling a single trait What is co-dominance? The FI hybrid of a cross between two true-breeding parents has an intermediate phenotypeTwo alleles are fully expressed in a heterozygous individualIndividual genes can affect more than one phenotypic traitMultiple genes (not alleles) are controlling a single trait What did Walter Sutton do? What did Thomas Hunt Morgan do? What was his issue? What determines whether or not two genes will be linked? Function Physical proximity from one anotherIf they are both expressing dominant allelesIf they are expressing one dominant and one recessive alleleWhen is replication of a cell occurring? ProphaseInterphasePrometaphaseAnaphaseM phase lasts much longer than Interphase. TrueFalse What is a homologous chromosome? How many chromosomes are present at each of the following steps of meiosis in the photo below? Meiosis produces four daughter cells. What are the daughter cells like compared to the parent? Mitosis produces two daughter cells. What are the daughter cells like compared to the parent? What is the main difference between Meiosis I and Meiosis II?In Meiosis, when does the cell go from diploid to haploid? A man has six fingers on each hand and six toes on each foot. His wife and their daughters have the normal number of digits. Having extra digits (“polydactyly”) is conferred by a dominant allele. What percent of this couple’s children would be expected to have extra digits? A woman with type A blood whose mother had type O blood marries a man with type B blood whose mother also had type O blood. Draw a Punnett square indicating the types of gametes both the man and the woman can produce and the possible offspring they could have. What is the probability that they will have a child with type O blood? Two parents have a child. One parent is heterozygous for the trait, and one has blonde hair. Blonde hair color is a recessive trait. What is the probability that their child will have blonde hair? What is the probability that their child will be a carrier for blonde hair? (hint: Punnett square!)In turtles, (pretend that) smooth shells are dominant over bumpy shells. If one parent turtle is heterozygous and all of the offspring have smooth shells, what was the genotype of the other parent? What was the phenotype of the other parent? (hint: Punnett square!) ................
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