AP Psychology by Mr. Schlecht



Practice Test Chapter 9 and 11Name___________1. Dr. Mason’s main research interest is the long term effects of child-rearing practices on the psychological adjustment of offspring. It is most likely that Dr. Mason is a ________ psychologist.A. cognitiveB. developmentalC. biologicalD. psychodynamicAnswer:? B3. Professor Yen is curious about how rapidly reading skills development from age five to ten. If he only has a limited amount of time to research this question, which research design should he utilize?A. cross-sectionalB. longitudinalC. acceleratedD. cohortAnswer: A6. Which of the following terms is most closely tied with the nurture side of the nature vs. nurture debate? A. observable characteristicsB. range of phenotypesC. genotypic characteristicsD. optimal life experiences Answer: D9. The ability to overcome hardship during childhood again and again is referred to asA. initiative.B. persistence.C. resilience.D. integrity.Answer: C12. During the course of successful prenatal development, a human organism begins as a(n)A. zygote and finally develops into an embryo.B. embryo and finally develops into a fetus.C. zygote and finally develops into a fetus.D. fetus and finally develops into an embryo. Answer: C15. A newly pregnant woman is warned by a doctor about teratogens. Which of the following does the doctor mention?A. testosteroneB. serotoninC. dopamineD. alcoholAnswer: D18. Which of the following is an accurate descriptor of an infant reflex?A. can be temporary or last a life timeB. genetically-wired C. essential for survivalD. All of these.Answer: D21. What technique in studying infant perception involves looking for a reliable preference for one stimulus over another?A. habituationB. preferential lookingC. object permanenceD. non-differential perceptionAnswer: B24. Baby Janice knows that when she is put in the highchair it is time to eat. So when her father puts her in the highchair and hands her a book, Janice puts the corner of the book in her mouth. Janice is exhibitingA. schematic thinking.B. assimilation.C. accommodation.D. deferred imitation.Answer: B27. Incorporating new information into existing theories is to ________ as modifying existing theories in light of new information is to ________.A. conservation; cognitionB. imprinting; maturationC. sensorimotor activities; preoperational activitiesD. assimilation; accommodationAnswer: D31. "Out of sight, out of mind" can describe the behavior of a child who has not mastered the concept of A. conservation. B. separation anxiety. C. attachment. D. object permanence. Answer: D37. If children cannot grasp the concept of conservation, they are unable toA. deal with the discipline of toilet training.B. see things from the point of view of another person.C. recognize that the quantity of a substance remains the same despite changes in its shape.D. retain earlier schemas when confronted with new experiences.Answer: C42. Between ages 7 and 11, children can think in sophisticated ways as long as what they are thinking about is tangibly represented. Piaget calls this stage A. concrete operations. B. formal operations. C. preoperational thought. D. sensorimotor limitations. Answer: A48. Adolescents are required to take algebra because cognitive development theory indicates that they are ready to learn this type of mathematics. Some of Piaget’s critics would respond to this statement by pointing out thatA. most adolescents have not reached the preoperational stage.B. Piaget did not examine adolescents’ mathematical development.C. Piaget overestimated the cognitive abilities of adolescents.D. Piaget’s cognitive theory focused on the development of very young children.Answer: C49. Lev Vygotsky recognized that cognitive development A. is an interpersonal process. B. happens in a cultural context.C. is facilitated by the process of scaffolding.D. All of these.Answer: D54. The work of Harry and Margaret Harlow established that A. early social experience in humans is essential to normal functioning in adulthood. B. physical development is influenced more by nurture than it is by nature. C. contact comfort is more important than feeding in the attachment process. D. parenting style is reflective of offspring’s physical appearance. Answer: C57. Which of the following is NOT one of the major differences between Erikson’s theory and Freud’s theory?A. Erikson’s theory is a stage theory, while Freud’s theory is devoid of stages.B. Freud believed that the personality is formed during early childhood, while Erikson believed that development continues throughout life.C. Freud’s theory focused on psychosexual development while Erikson’s theory focused on psychosocial development.D. In Freud’s theory, conflicts and their resolution revolve more around early family relationships, while in Erikson’s theory, they revolve more around relationships with both family and society.Answer: A61. All of the following are stages in Erikson’s theory of development EXCEPTA. trust vs. mistrust.B. autonomy vs. shame and doubt.C. initiative vs. guilt.D. growth vs. regression.Answer: D64. Ian came home late for curfew. Without asking for an explanation, his parents sent him to his room and informed him that he was grounded for a month. What type of parenting did Ian’s parents demonstrate?A. authoritarianB. conventionalC. authoritativeD. neglectfulAnswer: A71. Changes in thoughts, feelings, and behaviors regarding principles that guide what people should do is part of ________ development.A. metacognitiveB. cognitive C. temperament D. moralAnswer: D75. Which of the following statements best describes moral reasoning at the postconventional level?A. “What I did was illegal, but it saved somebody’s life.”B. “What I did was illegal, but nobody will ever find out.”C. “What I did was illegal, but saving a life is what a good person is expected to do.”D. “What I did was illegal, but the family of the person I saved offered a huge reward.”Answer: C75. Which of the following statements best describes moral reasoning at the postconventional level?A. “What I did was illegal, but it saved somebody’s life.”B. “What I did was illegal, but nobody will ever find out.”C. “What I did was illegal, but saving a life is what a good person is expected to do.”D. “What I did was illegal, but the family of the person I saved offered a huge reward.”Answer: C85. Juliet refuses to go to the dance because she has just developed a pimple on her chin and she is sure everyone will talk about it behind her back. Her behavior illustrates A. the basal metabolic rate. B. the adolescent identity crisis. C. peer influence. D. adolescent egocentrism. Answer: D90. Identity ________ is a way to describe the status of an individual who is exploring alternative paths but has not yet made a commitment. A. diffusionB. foreclosureC. moratoriumD. achievementAnswer: C94. Which of the following biological theories of aging emphasizes the role of telomeres?A. free-radicalB. cellular clockC. hormonal stressD. All of these.Answer: B2. According to the text, biological characteristics are referred to as one’sA. sex.B. gender.C. gender identity.D. sexual orientation.Answer: A5. Gina suffered damaged to her gonads. As a result, she may no longer produceA. androgens.B. ova.C. chromosomes.D. melatonin.Answer: B7. Which of the following is NOT an example of a secondary sex characteristic?A. development of penisB. facial hairC. development of breastsD. pubic hairAnswer: A11. Pat is very assertive, nurturing, independent, and caring. Pat is best described asA. instrumental.B. expressive.C. androgynous.D. transgendered.Answer: C14. The SRY gene causes one to becomeA. male.B. female.C. undifferentiated.D. androgynous.Answer: A15. How do female brains differ from male brains?A. Female brains are larger.B. Female brains have higher cortical volume.C. Female brains have more white matter.D. The female hippocampus is more reactive to stress.Answer: B18. The term ________ refers to experiencing one’s psychological gender as being different from one’s physical sex.A. androgynyB. expressivenessC. gender confusionD. transgenderAnswer: D27. According to Darwin, Shelly is most likely to go out with Cole if heA. is good looking.B. can win his tennis match.C. is nice.D. is older than her.Answer: B31. Those who adhere to the ________ perspective examine gender development by looking at how experience influences the formation of a person’s sense of gender.A. biologicalB. social cognitiveC. psychodynamicD. social roleAnswer: B34. A mental framework for understanding what is considered appropriate behavior for males and females is called a genderA. stereotype.B. role.C. schema.D. theme.Answer: C42. The difficulty that many divorced fathers experience when trying to gain custody of their children may be due toA. sexual scripting.B. relational aggression.C. gender stereotyping.D. non-conforming behavior.Answer: C45. The research data on gender differences in intellectual abilities has revealed thatA. girls do poorly on most tasks that require mathematical computations.B. girls have superior verbal abilities.C. boys struggle on tasks requiring object manipulation.D. boys and girls both struggle with visual spatial orientation.Answer: B49. Behavior that is meant to harm the social standing of another person is called ________ aggression.A. conduct B. overt C. relational D. social Answer: C52. The ways in which we experience and express ourselves as sexual beings is referred to as ourA. sex.B. gender.C. sexuality.D. sexual orientation.Answer: C55. A homosexual man who is watching two lesbian women engage in sexual activity is likely toA. become aroused.B. begin masturbating.C. be disinterested.D. be disgusted.Answer: C63. The occurrence of homosexuality ranges from ________ percent of the population.A. 1 to 5B. 2 to 10 C. 5 to 12D. 9 to 15Answer: B66. Research on the influence of genes on sexual behavior has revealed that genesA. determine sexual behavior.B. play a role in determining sexual behavior.C. are as strong an influence as they are for other characteristics like intelligence.D. impact psychological characteristics just as directly as they impact physical characteristics.Answer: B69. The 2D:4D ratio refers toA. brain size.B. finger length.C. testosterone levels.D. hemispheric symmetry. Answer: B72. The vast majority of “tomboys” turn out to beA. bisexual.B. homosexual.C. heterosexual.D. cross-gendered.Answer: C74. In terms of conflict, gay and lesbian couples are likely toA. argue more than heterosexual couples.B. avoid it because they understand the pain associated with conflict.C. manage it because of their positive attitudes.D. model their heterosexual parents.Answer: C78. Early data collected by Kinsey regarding sexual behavior indicated that ________ percent of married men had been unfaithful. A. 75 B. 50 C. 16 D. 7 Answer: B84. Jack and Jill have been kissing on the couch for several minutes. Jack feels his penis begin to enlarge. He is experiencing the ________ phase of the sexual response pattern.A. orgasm B. plateau C. excitementD. resolution Answer: C90. Patterns for how people should behave sexually are calledA. sexual scripts.B. gender schemas.C. sexual protocols.D. sexual patterns.Answer: A93. Abstinence-only sex education promotes theA. safe use of condoms.B. safe use of oral contraceptives.C. practice of no sex outside of marriage.D. All of these.Answer: C ................
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