Psychology: Learning – Content (Phobias)



Evaluate the learning explanation of the acquisition of phobias (8)41433752571750095259525Andre is…”A NiceLad - Didn’t Revise Enough”He hates evaluation; he wishes he had paid more attention in class. He quite likes psychology so he does remember some of the interesting things he learnt but he struggles with how to structure it properly and make his ideas relate to the question. He often doesn’t learnt eh details carefully either…Can you help him?00Andre is…”A NiceLad - Didn’t Revise Enough”He hates evaluation; he wishes he had paid more attention in class. He quite likes psychology so he does remember some of the interesting things he learnt but he struggles with how to structure it properly and make his ideas relate to the question. He often doesn’t learnt eh details carefully either…Can you help him?Phobias are excessive fears of things and they can stop a person functioning well in society. There are many different types of phobias like situations such as going to the dentist and also the natural world like water or heights and also things like snakes. 60% of people are agoraphobic and this is very sad as it stops them going out and is also quite surprising because only 11% of those people are men. Pavlov says that phobias happen due to learning experiences, that is things that happen in the environment. A study with a toddler showed that when they scared him with a bang it made him cry, which wasn’t very nice. They showed him a rat and he wasn’t scared of that to begin with. So then they showed him the rat and made the bang and after a while he was very upset when he saw the rat and this is classical conditioning.This is a great study because it shows cause and effect and is replicable. But it’s also not so good because it’s only has one participant and they made him upset and his mother was pretty annoyed about that and withdrew him. Overall, a lot of people have phobias and some of them did not have any bad experiences. Also more MZ twins share the same phobias than DZ twins and that shows that phobias are genetic and it shows why some people get phobias and others don’t.Classical conditioning is also a good theory as it has helped to treat people as well as in systematic desensitisation and this supported by a lot of evidence such as people getting over their fear of flying or driving on a motorway. WWW:EBI:DIRT: ................
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