PLEASANT VALLEY SCHOOL DISTRICT
PLEASANT VALLEY SCHOOL DISTRICT PLANNED COURSE CURRICULUM GUIDEDRIVER EDUCATION10 I. COURSE DESCRIPTION AND INTENT:This standards based course is designed to acquaint students with the basic knowledge of vehicle operation and the elements of safe driving. Major units of study are: Pennsylvania laws and regulations, knowledge of vehicle operations, perceptual skills development, decision-making/risk reduction, driving conditions, and influences on driver performance.The course stresses that with the privilege of driving come enormous responsibilities. It is critical that students understand these responsibilities and form the safe habits that are integral to the skill of driving.INSTRUCTIONAL TIME:Class Periods: DailyLength of Class Periods (minutes):56Length of Course: Nine (9) weeksUnit of Credit: 0.25Updated: June 2014COURSE: Driver EducationGRADE(S): 10STRAND: TIME FRAME: Nine (9) WeeksPA ACADEMIC STANDARDS14 Driver EducationASSESSMENT ANCHORS14.1.A. Identify and explain traffic laws related to safe driving.Traffic controls (e.g., signs, signals, road markings) #13Right-of WaySpeed RegulationsPedestrian rights and responsibilities14.1.B. Identify and explain laws that relate to responsible use of a vehicle.Vehicle registrationInsurance regulationsVehicle/emissions inspectionSeat beltsChild safety seatsPassengers in pickup trucks14.1.C. Describe the Pennsylvania licensing procedures.Learner’s permitGraduated driver’s licensing14.2. A. Identify and describe the pre-trip inspection outside the vehicle.Visual inspection of vehicle (e.g., wheels, body, light)Visual inspection of surroundings (e.g., front, sides, back) 14.2.B. Identify and describe the pre-trip preparation inside the vehicle. Car door locks Key in ignition Seating position Mirror settings (enhanced/traditional) Communications controls (e.g., turn signals, high/low beams, flashers) Safety devices (e.g., wipers, seat belt adjustments, head restraint) Comfort/climate controls (e.g., heater, air conditioning, defroster) Hand position on steering wheel 14.2.C. Identify and assess purpose of modern vehicle technology. Owner’s manual specifications Alert and warning symbols Supplemental occupant restraint systems Antilock Braking System (ABS) Global Positioning System (GPS) Electronic Stabilization Control (ESC) 14.2.D. Describe and explain the proper application of basic driving skills. Staying in driving line #3 Starting from a stop #4 Accelerating Managing intersections Recognizing when to brake #7 Making a left turn into traffic #5 Making right turns Driving in reverse Making lane changes (e.g., multiple-lane roadways, merge/exit situations, passing vehicles) Selecting a sufficient gap to enter traffic #14 14.2.E. Identify post-trip procedures. Securing the vehicle (e.g., place in park, set parking brake, remove keys) Exiting the vehicle (e.g., open door safely, face traffic when exiting, lock doors) 14.3.A. Describe perception as a mental process that is selective and can be improved.Visual functions: focal, useful field of vision, peripheral, depthProjected path of travelScanning environment and staying driving lane #614.3.B. Describe visual search categories for identifying risk situations. Restrictions to path of travel Restrictions to sightline Traffic controls Highway characteristics/conditions Other highway users 14.3.C. Identify traffic situations and develop avoidance strategies. Judging speed going around a curve #1Searching for sufficient gap before pulling out from a driveway or stop sign #8Reducing crash potential by adjusting speed, lane position and appropriate communication (e.g., turn signals)Recognizing a stopped vehicle #2Changing speed and/or direction to avoid conflicts with sightline and path of travel restrictionsJudging speed and distances of on-coming traffic #9Making correct decisions at intersections by managing time and spaceApplying basic driving skills to city, rural and expressway driving in various weather and roadway conditions14.3.D. Analyze the need for divided visual and mental attention from path of travel to driving tasks, then back to path of travel for brief periods of time.Searching from path of travel to signs, symbols and markingsSearching from path of travel for intersection problemsSearching from path of travel to new entry lane when turning left or rightSearching from path of travel to vehicle accessories for appropriate operations14.4.A. Identify and know a model of decision-making.Stop-Think-GoSIPDE (Search, Identify, Predict, Decide and Execute)IPDE (Identify, Predict, Decide and Execute)SEE (Search, Evaluate, Execute)14.4.B. Identify and describe the concerns when sharing the roadway.Motorized vehiclesNon-motorized vehiclesCommercial/large vehiclesPedestriansAnimals14.4.C. Identify how emotions affect driver decisions.Depression/SadnessElationAngerRoad RageFear14.4.D. Describe the characteristics of the aggressive driver.High SpeedErratic vehicle movementsGesturesVocal outbursts14.4.E. Identify appropriate responses to the aggressive driver.Eye contact avoidanceEmotional detachmentSpeed adjustmentLane adjustment14.4.F. Identify driver distractions and the appropriate responses to them.Within vehicle (e.g., passengers and pets, food and drinks, cell phones and other electronics)Outside vehicle (e.g., construction zones, people, accident and emergency vehicles)14.4.G. Analyze the consequences of high-risk driver actions and human error.Vehicular crashesInjury or deathCivil liabilityProperty damageFinancial lossPennsylvania Point SystemFinesLoss of license14.5.A. Describe hazardous conditions and their effets on vision, motion and steering control tasks while driving.Snow #12Rain #11FogSleet/iceHydroplaningTraction loss14.5.B. Identify challenges of night driving and appropriate responses to them. #10Reduced visibilityEye fatigueOverdriving headlights14.5.C. Identify the dangers of vehicle malfunctions.Warning indicators (e.g., dashboard, smoke, sounds)Failures (e.g., tires, brakes, steering)Stuck acceleratorEngine stallsLoss of headlights or forward vision due to vehicle malfunction14.5.D. Identify the dangers of sudden emergencies.High waterVehicle crossing centerlineVehicle not yielding at intersectionVehicle running off roadwayTraction loss to front tiresTraction loss to rear tires 14.6.A. Know legal aspects of alcohol and other drug use. Just saying “No” to alcoholic beverages and other drugs Terms and meanings associated with drinking and driving Penalties when intoxicated Implied consent Zero tolerance 14.6.B. Evaluate the factors that influence individuals to use alcohol and other drugs. Advertising Peer pressure Social norms Culture Holidays 14.6.C. Define and analyze the problem of driving under the influence (DUI). Significance of problem Consequences Solutions 14.6.D. Identify and analyze the physiological and psychological effects of alcohol on the driver. Process of alcohol entering and exiting from the body How alcohol affects people differently Changes to the central nervous system 14.6.E. Identify and analyze the physiological and psychological effects of drugs. Types (i.e., over-the-counter, prescription, controlled substances) How drugs affect people differently Changes to the central nervous system 14.6.F. Identify and analyze how alcohol and other drugs affect driving performance. Impaired judgment and reasoning Visual impairment Slower motor skills Increased response time Loss of reality 14.6.G. Identify types of fatigue and how to combat their effects. Mental and physical types (e.g., boredom, eye strain, drowsiness) Symptoms (e.g., slowed response time, daydreaming, heavy eyes) Methods to delay fatigue (e.g., exit and walk around the vehicle every two hours, pull over and take a nap, stop for a bathroom/snack break) RESOURCESTeacher created materialsPennsylvania Driver’s ManualResponsible Driving TextbookVarious fact sheets from the DMV and PennDotClassroom materialsPacketsWebsitesPennsylvania State Standards for Driver EducationOBJECTIVES14.1.A. The learner will identify and explain traffic laws related to safe driving.14.1.B. The learner will identify and explain laws that relate to responsible use of a vehicle.14.1.C. The learner will describe the Pennsylvania licensing procedures.14.2.A. The learner will identify and describe the pre-trip inspection outside the vehicle.14.2.B. The learner will identify and describe the pre-trip preparation inside the vehicle. 14.2.C. The learner will identify and assess purpose of modern vehicle technology. 14.2.D. The learner will describe and explain the proper application of basic driving skills. 14.2.E. The learner will identify post-trip procedures. ???????????The learner will define perception and identify the types of visual functions.14.3.B. The learner will describe the visual search categories to be able to identify risk situations.14.3.C. The learner will identify and explain various traffic situation avoidance strategies.14.3.D. The learner will analyze the parts of the highway transportations system that must be perceived in expedient fashion.14.4.A. The learner will recognize the steps utilized in decision-making.14.4.B. The learner will describe the actions of other highway transportation system users.14.4.C. The learner will describe how emotion affects driving and the decision-making process.14.4.D. The learner will list characteristics of an aggressive driver.14.4.E. The learner will describe the appropriate communication as well as the speed and lane response when encountering an aggressive driver.14.4.F. The learner will identify potential driver distractions inside and outside of the vehicle.14.4.G. The learner will analyze the consequences of unsafe driving.14.5.A. The learner will explain how to safely operate a vehicle during inclement weather.14.5.B. The learner will identify nighttime driving challenges and how to adapt to them.14.5.C. The learner will list possible dangers associated with vehicle malfunctions.14.5.D. The learner will list possible dangers associated with sudden emergencies.14.6.A. The learner will describe the legal aspects of substance abuse.14.6.B. The learner will describe factors that influence substance use.14.6.C. The learner will explain the problems associated with drinking and driving.14.6.D. The learner will analyze the effects of alcohol on the driver.14.6.E. The learner will analyze the effects of drugs.14.6.F. The learner will explain the impact of substance use on driving performance.14.6.G. The leaner will describe fatigue and how it relates to driving.14.1.A. There are several key traffic laws related to safe driving.Traffic controls are a consistent system of signals, signs, and pavement markings providing information essential to keep traffic flowing safely and efficiently.Right-of Way refers to the privilege of having immediate use of a certain part of a roadway when two or more users of the roadway use it at the same time.Speed Regulations serve as guidance for drivers to adjust rate of movement according to weather and roadway conditions.Pedestrian rights and responsibilities are guidelines designed to ensure safe and convenient travel and access for those on foot (includes walkers, wheelchairs and canes).14.1.B. There are several important laws that relate to responsible use of a vehicle.Vehicle registration is required to show responsibility of vehicle ownership.Insurance regulations are required for all Pennsylvania motor vehicles.Vehicle/emissions inspection is required annually for all motor vehicles.Seat belts are restraining devices for the safety of vehicle occupants.Child safety seats are restraining devices for the safety of children while in a motor vehicle.Passengers in pickup trucks refers to issues related to the safety of occupants who may be passengers in the bed of a truck. 14.1.C. It is essential to understand the Pennsylvania licensing procedures.A Learner’s permit is a state document required for beginning drivers to operate a vehicle while under the supervision of an experienced driver.Graduated driver’s licensing refers to the multi-stage system of licensing (permit, junior license, regular license).14.2.A. It is an important habit to conduct a pre-trip inspection outside the vehicle to ensure that the vehicle is in proper working order. A visual inspection outside of the vehicle includes observing the vehicle wheels, body, and lights. A visual inspection outside of the vehicle includes carefully observing one’s surroundings.14.2.B. It is an important habit to conduct a pre-trip preparation inspection inside the vehicle to ensure that the vehicle is in proper working order including, but not limited to: Car doors should be closed and locked for the safety of all vehicle occupants.Key in ignition settings should be identified.Seating position should be adjusted so the driver can see clearly and reach the pedals as well as other vehicle controls.Mirror settings, both enhancedand traditional, should be munications control settings like turn signals, headlights, taillights, hazard Lights, etc. should be identified.Safety devices like wipers, seat belts, head restraints, etc. should be fort/climate controls such as the heater, air conditioning, defroster, etc. should be adjusted accordingly.Hand position on steering wheel should be at nine and three.14.2.C. Becoming familiar with the purpose of modern vehicle technology is beneficial to the driving experience.A vehicle operator should become familiar with the contents of the owner’s manual specifications.The meanings of the various alert warning symbols need to be understood to ensure that an unnecessary repair or replacement expense is avoided.Supplemental occupant restraint systemsare non-adjustable passive protective devices that restrain the driver and passengers during a collision.Antilock Braking System (ABS)is a mechanism designed to enable the driver to maintain steering control and to keep the wheels from locking when a driver brakes abruptly.Use of satellite technology to identify the exact location of a vehicle is known as aGlobal Positioning System (GPS).Electronic Stabilization Control (ESC) is a computerized handling and stability system that improves vehicle traction and stability in three areas of performance: accelerating, corning and braking.14.2.D. Applying basic driving skills to everyday vehicle operations is an essential factor in reducing crashes when learned and executed properly. Utilizing the following skills will allow students to use the highway transportation system with greater confidence and higher skill levels:staying in driving line, starting from a stop, accelerating, managing intersections, recognizing when to brake, making a left turn into traffic, making right turns, driving in reverse, making lane changes, and selecting a sufficient gap to enter traffic.14.2.E. It is an important habit to conduct post-trip proceduresto ensure that the vehicle is in proper working orderSecuring the vehicleby always placing the vehicle in park, setting the parking brake, and removing the keys.Exiting the vehicle properly includes opening the door safely, facing traffic when exiting, and locking all doors.????????????Perceptionis the mental process of applying meaning to what is seen.Visual functions are the tasks allowing a driver to sense what is around them. Central vision (focal and useful field of vision) is the center of a driver’s focus.Peripheral vision is the area on either side of central vision.Depth perception is the ability to judge the relative distance of objects correctly.14.3.B.Risk situations refers to the possibility of having a traffic conflict that would result in a crash. These risk situations include, but are not limited to restrictions to: path of travel, restrictions to sightline, traffic controls, highway characteristics/conditions, and other highway users.14.3.C. Avoidance strategies need to be developed for various traffic situations that are identified as being potentially harmful. These traffic situations include, but are not limited to: judging speed going around a curve; searching for a sufficient gap before pulling out of a driveway or stop sign; reducing crash potential by adjusting speed, lane position, and appropriate communications; recognizing a stopped vehicle; changing speed and/or direction to avoid conflicts with sightline and path of travel restrictions; judging speed and distances of on-coming traffic; making correct decisions at intersections by managing time and space; and applying basic driving skills to city, rural, and expressway driving in various weather and roadway conditions.14.3.D. The need for divided attention is critical for the visual and mental interpretation of the driving environment. Searchingand scanningthe driving environment constantly allows the driver to retrieve and process essential data.14.4.A. Decision-making is determining the best communication, speed and lane position adjustments for achieving reduced-risk solutions to traffic situations. Models are:Stop-Think-Go which is a practical application of the risk management process.SIPDE stands for search, identify, predict, decide and execute.IPDEstands for identify, predict, decide and executeSEEstands for search, evaluate, execute14.4. B. Having knowledge and demonstrating concern for other users of the highway transportation system enhances safety for all users including: Motorized vehiclesNon-motorized vehiclesCommercial/large vehiclesPedestriansAnimals14.4.C. Emotions affect driver decisions in many ways. It is beneficial to understand:Depression/SadnessElationAngerRoad RageFear14.4.D. An aggressive driver is a person who operates a motor vehicle in a high-risk manner that endangers or is likely to endanger persons or property. An aggressive driver usually is characterized by:High SpeeddrivingErratic vehicle movementsGesturesVocal outbursts14.4.E. Demonstrating appropriate responses to the aggressive driver will help diffuseany potential negative outcomes. These responses include: Eye contact avoidanceEmotional detachmentSpeed adjustmentLane adjustment14.4.F. Driving distractions are those things that cause a driver to take the attention away from driving, the eyes off the road, and the hands off the wheel. These distractions occur within the vehicle (e.g., passengers and pets, food and drinks, cell phones and other electronics) as well as outside the vehicle (e.g., construction zones, people, accident and emergency vehicles).14.4.G. There are several significant and serious consequences related to high-risk driver actions and human error. These consequences include:Vehicular crashesInjury or deathCivil liability, which is non-criminal accountability for a person’s driving actions.Property damageFinancial lossPennsylvania Point SystemFinesLoss of license14.5.A. Various weather-related conditions impact driving. These conditions include:Snow Rain Fog Sleet/ice Hydroplaning, which is when a vehicle’s tires lose contact with the road and ride on top of a film of water. Traction loss14.5.B. Night time driving presents various challenges to the driver which may include:Reduced visibility Eye fatigue Overdriving headlightswhich means driving so fast at night that the driver is unable to stop within the range of the headlights.14.5.C. Drivers need to be aware of vehicle malfunctions including:Warning indicators Failures Stuck acceleratorEngine stallsLoss of headlights or forward vision due to vehicle malfunction14.5.D.Drivers need to be aware of sudden emergencies including:High water Vehicle crossing centerline Vehicle not yielding at intersection Vehicle running off roadway Traction loss to front tires Traction loss to rear tires14.6.A. The legal aspects of alcohol and other drug use are quite serious. Just saying “No” to alcoholic beverages and other drugs is the most logical solution to utilize when a pressure situation arises. Certain terms and meanings associated with drinking and driving such as BAC, DUI, underage drinking, etc. provide the base of knowledge upon which sound decisions can be made. Learning about the penalties when intoxicatedallow for greater understanding as far as consequences are concerned. The concepts of implied consent and zero tolerance serve as reminders of the responsibilities that accompany the privilege of driving. 14.6.B. There are many factors that influence individuals to use alcohol and other drugs. One such example is advertising. The factor involving the influence of friends on one’s beliefs, values and behavior is known as peer pressure. The factor involving acceptable standards that reasonable and prudent people, communities or societies expect from individuals is known as social norms. Culture and holidays are also contributing factors that influence substance use.14.6.C. Driving under the influence is a significant issue of the times. The significance of the problem is quite serious as are the consequences. Solutions to this issue need to be explored and ever-increased.14.6.D. The physiological and psychological effects of alcohol on the driver can be better understood by knowing about the process of alcohol entering and exiting from the body, how alcohol affects people differently, and the changes to the central nervous system.14.6.E. The physiological and psychological effects of drugs can be better understood by knowing the different types (i.e., over-the-counter, prescription, and controlled substances), how drugs affect people differently, and the changes to the central nervous system.14.6.F. Alcohol and other drugs obviously affect driving performance in many different ways. The major ways include: impaired judgment and reasoning, visual impairment, slower motor skills, increased response time, and loss of reality.14.6.G. Fatigue is also considered to be a type of impaired driving and can be divided intomental and physical types (e.g., boredom, eye strain, and drowsiness). Some of the symptoms of fatigue include slowed response time, daydreaming, and heavy eyes. To combat the effects of fatigue on driving, various methods to delay fatigue (e.g., exit and walk around the vehicle every two hours, pull over and take a nap, stop for a bathroom/snack break) serve as helpful strategies for safe driving.INSTRUCTIONAL STRATEGIESTextbookPowerPointLectureFlash cardsVideo/DVDNewspaper and magazine articlesClass discussionGroup workBrainstormingThink-pair-shareStudent-centered activitiesPostersGuest speakersASSESSMENTS Teacher designed tests and/or quizzesTeacher created worksheetsProjectsPictorial analysisActivities and demonstrations involving students (field sobriety test, etc.)CORRECTIVES/EXTENSIONSCorrectivesAllow partner workExtended time for assessmentsModified activitiesHighlighted vocabulary terms or flash cardsExtensionsTechnology integrationResearch Pennsylvania Vehicle CodeAnalysis of accident frequency related to the elements of drivingCreate a new traffic sign along with a marketing campaign ................
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