DNA to Protein Worksheet - Weebly



DNA, RNA, & Replication Worksheet

DNA Structure

1. What type of macromolecule is DNA?

2. What are the monomer units (building blocks) of DNA?

3. What term is given to the shape of the DNA molecule?

4. What are the three components of a nucleotide?

5. What part(s) of the nucleotide make up the backbone (sides) of the DNA molecule?

6. What part(s) of the nucleotide make up the rungs (middle) of the DNA molecule?

DNA vs. RNA: Fill in the table below.

| |Bases |Sugar |Relative Size & Number of Strands |Location |

|DNA | | |Long or short? |Nucleus? ________ |

| | | |____ strands |Cytoplasm? ______ |

|mRNA | | |Long or short? |Nucleus? ________ |

| | | |____ strands |Cytoplasm? ______ |

DNA Replication

7. What is the purpose of DNA replication?

8. What is the end result of DNA replication?

9. In DNA Replication:

A pairs with ________ and C pairs with __________

10. In Protein Synthesis (RNA):

A pairs with ________ and C pairs with __________

Directions: Below are five (3) different DNA sequences:

• In the original DNA row of each table, rewrite the sequence in the form of three (3) bases per box.

This will help you for when you move on to the steps to Protein Synthesis on the next assignment.

DNA sequence #1: ACCGTAGGTCGAAAT

|Original DNA |ACC | | | | |

|New Copy of DNA |TGG | | | | |

DNA sequence #2: TACCGAGCTAGCTAT

|Original DNA | | | | | |

|New Copy of DNA | | | | | |

DNA sequence #3: CTCATTTGACTAACC

|Original DNA | | | | | |

|New Copy of DNA | | | | | |

7. The model of DNA below is ready to be copied. Compared to the original double helix, evaluate the copies made during three attempts of DNA replication. List any errors with the replication if they occurred:

|A |T |

|T |A |

|C |G |

|C |G |

|G |C |

|T |A |

|G |C |

Replication #1

|A |T | |A |T |

|T |A | |T |A |

|C |G | |C |G |

|C |G |AND |A |G |

|G |C | |G |C |

|T |A | |T |A |

|G |C | |G |C |

Replication #2

|A |T | |A |T |

|T |A | |T |A |

|C |G | |C |G |

|C |G |AND |C |G |

|G |C | |G |C |

|T |A | |T |A |

|G |C | |G |C |

8. Complete the diagram on the left. Then circle the areas in the diagram on the right that show a genetic mutation.

DNA Correctly Copied DNA Incorrectly Copied

|A | |

|G | |

|C | |

|T | |

|A | |

|T | |

|A | |

| | |

| | |

| | |

| | |

| | |

| | |

| | |

|A | |

|G | |

|C | |

|T | |

|A | |

|T | |

|A | |

| | |

| | |

| | |

| | |

| | |

| | |

| | |

|A |T |

|G |C |

|C |G |

|T |A |

|A |T |

|T |G |

|A |T |

|G |T |

|G |C |

|C |G |

|T |A |

|A |T |

|C |A |

|A |T |

9. Explain how the mutations might have been caused in the diagram above.

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

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List problems if any:

_______________________

_______________________

_______________________

_______________________

_______________________

_______________________

List problems if any:

_______________________

_______________________

_______________________

_______________________

_______________________

_______________________

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