Biology - Mr. Woods' Science Classes



Biology

DNA Comparison

Names:_______________________________________________________ Block:______________

You are going to create comparisons between the genes of humans and several other organisms. You will need to copy and paste the various DNA sequences in order to obtain accurate results. The human gene always goes in the “Query Sequence” box; the animal genes always go in the “Subject Sequence” box. At the end of the activity, you will create a graph comparing human DNA to the animal DNA. Make sure you are working with one gene at a time. I have grouped the different samples by placing one group of genes per page.

Procedure:

1. Open the BLAST Nucleotide Sequence link.

2. Copy the human gene for gene set number 1 and paste it into the “Query Sequence” box.

3. One at a time, copy the other gene sequences and paste them into the “Subject Sequence” box.

4. Select the option that says “Somewhat similar”

[pic]

5. Click on “BLAST” button.

6. Record the percentage of DNA the animal has in common with humans.

7. Do this for each gene and each animal.

8. Create a bar graph that will show the percentage of DNA in common with humans.

Gene 1: CFTR

Human:

ATATTTGAAAGCTGTGTCTGTAAACTGATGGCTAACAAAACTAGGATTTTGGTCACTTC

TAAAATGGAACATTTAAAGAAAGCTGACAAAATATTAATTTTGAATGAAGGTAGCAGCT

ATTTTTATGGGACATTTTCAGAACTCCAAAATCTACAGCCAGACTTTAGCTCAAAACTC

ATGGGATGTGATTCTTTCGACCAATTTAGTGCAGAAAGAAGAAATTCAATCCTAACTGA

GACCTTACACCGTTTCTCATTAGAAGGAGATGCTCCTGTCTCCTGGACAGAAACCAATC

TTTTAAACAGACTGGAGAGTTTGGGGAAAAAAGGAAGAATTCTATTCTCAATCCAATCA

ACTCTATACGAAAATTTTCCATTGTGCAAAAGACTCCCTTACAAATGAATGGCATCGAA

GAGGATTCTGATGAGCCTTTAGAGAGAAGGCTGTCCTTAGTACCAGATTCTGAGCAGGG

AGAGGCGATACTGCCTCGCATCAGCGTGATCAGCACTGGCCCCACGCTTCAGGCACGAA

GGAGGCAGTCTGTCCTGAACCTGATGACACACTCAGTTAACCAAGGTCAGAACATTCAC

CGAAAGACAACAGCATCCACACGAAAAGTGTCACTGGCCCCTCAGGCAAACTTGACTGA

ACTGGATATATATTCAAGAAGGTTATCTCAAGAAACTGGCTTGGAAATAAGTGAAGAAA

TTAACGAAGAAGACTTAAAGG

Orangutan:

ATATCTTAAAGCTGTGTCTGTAAACTGATGGCTAACAAAACTAGGATTTTGGTCACTTC

TAAAATGGAACATTTAAAGAAAGCTGACAAAATTTTAATTTTACATGAAGGTAGCAGCT

ATTTTTATGGGACATTTTCAGAACTCCAAAATCTACGGCCAGACTTTAGCTCAAAACTC

ATGGGATGTGATTCTTTCGACCAATTTAGTGCAGAAAGAAGAAATTCAATCCTAACTGA

GACTTTACGCCGTTTCTCATTAGAAGGAGATGCTCCTGTCTCCTGGACAGAAACCAACC

TTTTAAACAGACTGGAGAGTTTGGGGAAAAAAGGAAGAATTCTATTCTCAATCCAATCA

ACTCTATACGAAAATTTTCCATTGTACAAAAGACTCCCTTACAAATGAATGGCATCGAA

GAGGATTCTGATGAGCCTTTCGAGAGAAGGGTGTCCTTAGTTCCAGATTCTGAGCAGGG

AGAGGCGATACTGCCTCGCATCAGCGTGATCAGCACTGGCCCCATGCTTCAGGCACGAA

GGAGGCAGTCTGTTCTGAACCTGATGACACAGTCAGTTAACCAAGGTCAGAACATTCAC

CGAAAGACAACAGCATCCACACGAAAAGTGTCACTGGCCCCTCAGGCAAACTTGACTGA

ATTGGATATATATTCAAGAAGGTTATCTCAAGAAACTGGCTTGGAAATAAGTGAAGAAA

TTAATGAAGAAGACTTAAAGG

Chimpanzee:

ATATTTGAAAGCTGTGTCTGTAAACTGATGGCTAACAAAACTAGGATTTTGGTCACTTC

TAAAATGGAACATTTAAAGAAAGCTGACAAAATATTAATTTTGCATGAAGGTAGCAGCT

ATTTTTATGGGACATTTTCAGAACTCCAAAATCTACGGCCAGACTTTAGCTCAAAACTC

ATGGGATGTGATTCTTTCGACCAATTTAGTGCAGAAAGAAGAAATTCAATCCTAACTGA

GACCTTACGCCGTTTCTCATTAGAAGGAGATGCTCCTGTCTCCTGGACAGAAACCAATC

TTTTAAACAGACTGGAGAGTTTGGGGAAAAAAGGAAGAATTCTATTCTCAATCCAATCA

ACTCTATACGAAAATTTTCCATTGTGCAAAAGACTCCCTTACAAATGAATGGCATCGAA

GAGGATTCTGATGAGCCTTTAGAGAGAAGGCTGTCCTTAGTACCAGATTCTGAGCAGGG

AGAGGCGATACTGCCTCGCATCAGCGTGATCAGCACTGGCCCCACGCTTCAGGCACGAA

GGAGGCAGTCTGTTCTGAACCTGATGACACACTCAGTTAACCAAGGTCAGAACATTCAC

CGAAAGACAACAGCATCCACACGAAAAGTGTCACTGGCCCCTCAGGCAAACTTGACTGA

ACTGGATATATATTCAAGAAGGTTATCTCAAGAAACTGGCTTGGAAATAAGTGAAGAAA

TTAACGAAGAAGACTTAAAGG

Gorilla:

ATATCTTAAAGCTGTGTCTGTAAACTGATGGCTAACAAAACTAGGATTTTGGTCACTTC

TAAAATGGAACATTTAAAGAAAGCTGACAAAATATTAATTTTGCATGAAGGTAGCAGCT

ATTTTTATGGGACATTTTCAGAACTCCAAAATCTACGGCCAGACTTTAGCTCAAAACTC

ATGGGATGTGATTCTTTCGACCAATTTAGTGCAGAAAGAAGAAATTCAATCCTAACTGA

GACCTTACGCCGTTTCTCATTAGAAGGAGATGCTCCTGTCTCCTGGACAGAAACCAATC

TTTTAAACAGACTGGAGAGTTTGGGGAAAAAAGGAAGAATTCTATTCTCAATCCAATCA

ACTCTATACGAAAATTTTCCATTGTACAAAAGACTCCCTTACAAATGAATGGCATCGAA

GAGGATTCTGATGAGCCTTTAGAGAGAAGGCTGTCCTTAGTACCAGATTCTGAGCAGGG

AGAGGCGATACTGCCTCGCATCAGCGTGATCAGCACTGGCCCCACGCTTCAGGCACGAA

GGAGGCAGTCTGTTCTGAACCTGATGACACACTCAGTTAACCAAGGTCAGAACATTCAC

CGAAAGACAACAGCATCCACACGAAAAGTGTCACTGGCCCCTCAGGCAAACTTGACTGA

ACTGGATATATATTCAAGAAGGTTATCTCAAGAAACTGGCTTGGAAATAAGTGAAGAAA

TTAACGAAGAAGACTTAAAGG

Gene 2: BMP7

Human:

AGAACCGCTCCAAGACGCCCAAGAACCAGGAAGCCCTGCGGATGGCCAACGTGGCAGAG

AACAGCAGCAGCGACCAGAGGCAGGCCTGTAAGAAGCACGAGCTGTATGTCAGCTTCCG

AGACCTGGGCTGGCAGGACTGGATCATCGCGCCTGAAGGCTACGCCGCCTACTACTGTG

AGGGGGAGTGTGCCTTCCC

Pig:

AGAACCGCTCCAAGACGCCCAAGAACCAGGAAGCCCTGCGGGTGGCCAACGTCGCAGAG

AACAGCAGCAGTGACCAGCGGCAGGCCTGTAAGAAGCATGAGCTCTACGTCAGCTTCCG

GGACCTGGGCTGGCAAGACTGGATCATCGCGCCCGAAGGCTATGCCGCCTACTACTGCG

AGGGGGAGTGCGCCTTCCC

Sheep:

AGAATCGCTCCAAGGCGCCCAAGAACCAAGAAGCCCTGCGGGTGGCCAACGTCGCAGAA

AACAGCAGCAGTGACCAGAGGCAGGCATGTAAGAAGCACGAGCTATACGTCAGCTTCCG

GGACCTGGGCTGGCAGGATTGGATCATCGCACCCGAAGGCTATGCCGCCTACTACTGCG

AGGGGGAGTGCGCCTTCCC

Rabbit:

AGAACCGCTCCAAGGCACCCAAGAACCAAGAGGCGCTGCGAGTGGCCAACGTGGCAGAA

AACAGCAGCAGTGACCAGCGGCAGGCGTGCAAGAAACACGAACTGTACGTCAGCTTCCG

CGACCTGGGCTGGCAGGATTGGATCATTGCCCCGGAAGGCTACGCCGCCTACTACTGCG

AGGGAGAGTGCGCCTTCCC

Gene 3: LEP

Human:

TGTGGCTTTGGCCCTATCTTTTCTATGTCCAAGCTGTGCCCATCCAAAAAGTCCAAGAT

GACACCAAAACCCTCATCAAGACAATTGTCACCAGGATCAATGACATTTCACACACGCA

GTCAGTCTCCTCCAAACAGAAAGTCACCGGTTTGGACTTCATTCCTGGGCTCCACCCCA

TCCTGACCTTATCCAAGATGGACCAGACACTGGCAGTCTACCAACAGATCCTCACCAGT

ATGCCTTCCAGAAACGTGATCCAAATATCCAACGACCTGGAGAACCTCCGGGATCTTCT

TCACGTGCTGGCCTTCTCTAAGAGCTGCCACTTGCCCTGGGCCAGTGGCCTGGAGACCT

TGGACAGCCTGGGGGGTGTCCTGGAAGCTTCAGGCTACTCCACAGAGGTGGTGGCCCTG

AGCAGGCTGCAGG

Cow:

TGTGGCTTTGGCCCTATCTGTCTTACGTGGAGGCTGTGCCCATCCGCAAGGTCCAGGAT

GACACCAAAACCCTCATTAAGACAATTGTCACCAGGATCAATGACATCTCACACACGCA

GTCCGTCTCCTCCAAACAGAGGGTCACTGGTTTGGACTTCATCCCTGGGCTCCACCCTC

TCCTGAGTTTGTCCAAGATGGACCAGACATTGGCGATCTACCAACAGATCCTCACCAGT

CTGCCTTCCAGAAATGTGGTCCAAATATCCAATGACCTGGAGAACCTCCGGGACCTTCT

CCACCTGCTGGCCGCCTCCAAGAGCTGCCCCTTGCCGCAGGTCAGGGCCCTGGAGAGCT

TGGAGAGCTTGGGCGTTGTCCTGGAAGCTTCCCTCTACTCCACCGAGGTGGTGGCCCTG

AGCCGGCTGCAGG

Dog:

TGTGGCTCTGGCCCTATCTGTCCTGTGTTGAAGCTGTGCCAATCCGAAAAGTCCAGGAC

GACACCAAACCCCTCATCAAGACGATTGTCGCCAGGATCAATGACATTTCACACACTCA

GTCTGTCTCCTCCCAACAGAGGGTCGCTGGTCTGGACTTCATTCCTGGGCTCCAACCAG

TCCTGAGTTTGTCCAGGATGGGCCAGACGTTGGCCATATACCAACAGATCCTCAACAGT

CTGCATTCCAGAAATGTGGTCCAAATATCTAATGACCTGGAGAACCTCCGGGACCTTCT

CCACCTGCTGGCCTCCTCCAAGAGCTGCCCCTTGCCCCGGGCCAGGGGCCTGGAGACCT

TTGAGAGCGTGGGCGGCGTCCTGGAAGCCTCACTCTACTCCACAGAAGTGGTGGCTCTG

AACAGACTGCAGG

Horse:

TGTGGCTTTGGCCCTATCTGTTCTTCATTGAAGCTGTGCCCATCCGAAAAGTCCAGGAT

GACACCAAAACCCTCATCAAGACGATTGTCACCAGGATCAATGACATTTCACACACGCA

GTCAGTCTCCTCCAAACAGAGGGTCACTGGTTTGGACTTCATTCCTGGGCTTCACCCTG

TCCTGAGTTTGTCCAAGATGGACCAGACATTGGCAATCTACCAACAGATCCTTACAAGT

CTGCCTTCCAGAAATGTGATCCAGATATCTAATGACCTGGAGAACCTCCGGGACCTTCT

CCACCTGCTGGCCTCCTCCAAGAGTTGCCCCTTGCCCCAGGCCAGGGGTCTGGAGACCT

TGGCGAGCCTGGGCGGTGTCCTGGAAGCTTCACTCTACTCCACAGAGGTGGTAGCCCTG

AGCAGGCTGCAGG

Gene 4: OPS1MW

Human:

CCCTTCGAAGGCCCGAATTACCACATCGCTCCCAGATGGGTGTACCACCTCACCAGTGT

CTGGATGATCTTTGTGGTCATTGCATCCGTTTTCACAAATGGGCTTGTGCTGGCGGCCA

CCATGAAGTTCAAGAAGCTGCGCCACCCGCTGAACTGGATCCTGGTGAACCTGGCGGTC

GCTGACCTGGCAGAGACCGTCATCGCCAGCACTATCAGCGTTGTGAACCAGGTCTATGG

CTACTTCGTGCTGGGCCACCCTATGTGTGTCCTGGAGGGCTACACCGTCTCCCTGTGTG

GGATCACAGGTCTCTGGTCTCTGGCCATCATTTCCTGGGAGAGATGGATGGTGGTCTGC

AAGCCCTTTGGCAATGTGAGATTTGATGCCAAGCTGGCCATCGTGGGCATTGCCTTCTC

CTGGATCTGGGCTGCTGTGTGGACAGCCCCGCCCATCTTTGGTTGGAGCAGGTACTGGC

CCCACGGCCTGAAGACTTCATGCGGCCCAGACGTGTTCAGCGGCAGCTCGTACCCCGGG

GTGCAGTCTTACATGATTGTCCTCATGGTCACCTGCTGCATCACCCCACTCAGCATCAT

CGTGCTCTGCTACCTCCAAGTGTGGCTGGCCATCCGAGCGGTGGCAAAGCAGCAGAAAG

AGTCTGAATCCACCCAGAAGGCAGAGAAGGAAGTGACGCGCATGGTGGTGGTGATGGTC

CTGGCATTCTGCTTCTGCTGGGGACCATACGCCTTCTTCGCATGCTTTGCTGCTGCCAA

CCCTGGCTA

Mouse:

CCCTTTGAAGGCCCCAATTATCACATTGCTCCCAGGTGGGTGTACCACCTCACCAGCAC

CTGGATGATTCTTGTGGTCGTTGCATCTGTCTTCACTAATGGACTTGTGCTGGCAGCCA

CCATGAGATTCAAGAAGCTGCGCCATCCACTGAACTGGATTCTGGTGAACTTGGCAGTT

GCTGACCTAGCAGAGACCATTATTGCCAGCACTATCAGTGTTGTGAACCAAATCTATGG

CTACTTCGTTCTGGGACACCCTCTGTGTGTCATTGAAGGCTACATTGTCTCATTGTGTG

GAATCACAGGCCTCTGGTCCCTGGCCATCATTTCCTGGGAGAGATGGCTGGTGGTCTGC

AAGCCCTTTGGCAATGTGAGATTTGATGCTAAGCTGGCCACTGTGGGAATCGTCTTCTC

CTGGGTCTGGGCTGCTATATGGACGGCCCCACCAATCTTTGGTTGGAGCAGGTACTGGC

CTTATGGCCTGAAGACATCCTGTGGCCCAGACGTGTTCAGCGGTACCTCGTACCCCGGG

GTTCAGTCTTATATGATGGTCCTCATGGTCACGTGCTGCATCTTCCCACTCAGCATCAT

CGTGCTCTGCTACCTCCAAGTGTGGCTGGCCATCCGAGCAGTGGCAAAGCAACAGAAAG

AATCTGAGTCCACTCAGAAGGCCGAGAAGGAGGTGACACGCATGGTGGTGGTGATGGTC

TTCGCATACTGCCTCTGCTGGGGACCCTATACTTTCTTTGCATGCTTTGCTACTGCCCA

CCCTGGCTA

Rat:

CCCTTTGAAGGTCCCAATTATCACATTGCTCCAAGGTGGGTGTACCACCTCACCAGCAC

CTGGATGATTCTTGTGGTCATTGCATCTGTCTTCACAAATGGACTCGTGCTGGCAGCCA

CCATGAGGTTCAAGAAGCTGCGTCATCCTCTGAACTGGATTCTAGTGAACTTGGCAGTT

GCTGACCTAGCAGAGACCATTATTGCCAGCACTATCAGTGTTGTGAACCAAATCTATGG

CTACTTTGTGCTGGGCCACCCTCTGTGTGTCATAGAAGGCTACATTGTCTCACTATGTG

GGATCACAGGCCTCTGGTCCTTGGCCATCATTTCCTGGGAGAGATGGCTGGTGGTCTGC

AAGCCCTTTGGCAATGTGAGATTTGATGCTAAACTGGCCACTGTGGGAATCGTCTTCTC

CTGGGTCTGGGCTGCTGTATGGACGGCCCCACCAATCTTTGGTTGGAGCAGGTACTGGC

CTTATGGCCTGAAGACATCGTGTGGTCCAGACGTGTTCAGCGGTACCTCGTATCCTGGG

GTTCAGTCTTATATGATGGTCCTCATGGTCACGTGCTGCATCTTCCCACTCAGCATCAT

CGTGCTCTGCTACCTCCAAGTGTGGCTGGCCATCCGAGCAGTGGCAAAGCAACAGAAAG

AATCTGAGTCCACCCAGAAGGCTGAGAAGGAGGTGACACGCATGGTGGTGGTGATGGTC

TTCGCATACTGCCTCTGCTGGGGGCCCTATACTTTCTTTGCATGCTTTGCTACTGCCCA

TCCTGGCTA

Data

|Organism |% DNA in common |

|Orangutan | |

|Chimpanzee | |

|Gorilla | |

|Pig | |

|Sheep | |

|Rabbit | |

|Cow | |

|Dog | |

|Horse | |

|Mouse | |

|Rat | |

Now that you have calculated and recorded your data construct a bar graph of the data. Make sure you give your graph a title and label the X and Y axes.

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1. What organism(s) appear to be most closely related to humans? How do you know?

2. What organism(s) appear to be least closely related to humans? How do you know?

3. What pairs of organisms do you think are most closely related? Why?

4. Test your pairs from question 3 by cutting and pasting the two organism’s gene sequences into the query and subject boxes and then BLAST them.

5. What percentage of DNA does each pair have in common?



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