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2021 FIRST ? Robotics Competition

Game Manual

FIRST ? Robotics Competition

CONTENTS

1

Introduction............................................................................................................................................ 5

1.1

About FIRST? ................................................................................................................................ 5

1.2

In Memoriam ................................................................................................................................. 5

1.3

FIRST? Robotics Competition ....................................................................................................... 5

1.4

Gracious Professionalism?, a FIRST? Philosophy ....................................................................... 6

1.5

Coopertition? ................................................................................................................................. 7

1.6

This Document & Its Conventions ................................................................................................. 8

1.7

Translations & Other Versions .................................................................................................... 10

1.8

Team Updates ............................................................................................................................. 10

1.9

Question and Answer System Sponsored by Autodesk ?............................................................ 10

2

Game Overview................................................................................................................................... 13

3

ARENA ................................................................................................................................................ 15

3.1

FIELD .......................................................................................................................................... 15

3.2

Zones and Markings .................................................................................................................... 17

3.3

SHIELD GENERATOR ............................................................................................................... 19

3.3.1

SHIELD GENERATOR Structure ........................................................................................ 20

3.3.2

GENERATOR SWITCH ...................................................................................................... 20

3.3.3

BOUNDARIES..................................................................................................................... 22

3.3.4

SHIELD GENERATOR Lighting .......................................................................................... 23

3.4

ALLIANCE STATION .................................................................................................................. 24

3.4.1

3.5

TRENCH ..................................................................................................................................... 30

3.5.1

4

ALLIANCE WALL ................................................................................................................ 24

CONTROL PANEL .............................................................................................................. 31

3.6

POWER CELL ............................................................................................................................. 34

3.7

Vision Targets ............................................................................................................................. 34

3.8

The FIELD Management System ................................................................................................ 35

MATCH Play........................................................................................................................................ 37

4.1

Setup ........................................................................................................................................... 37

4.1.1

POWER CELLS .................................................................................................................. 37

4.1.2

ROBOTS ............................................................................................................................. 39

4.1.3

Humans ............................................................................................................................... 39

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2021 FIRST? Robotics Competition

4.2

Autonomous Period ..................................................................................................................... 39

4.3

Teleoperated Period .................................................................................................................... 39

4.4

Scoring ........................................................................................................................................ 39

4.4.1

POWER PORT Scoring ...................................................................................................... 39

4.4.2

SHIELD GENERATOR Scoring .......................................................................................... 40

4.4.3

CONTROL PANEL Scoring ................................................................................................. 41

4.4.4

GENERATOR SWITCH Scoring ......................................................................................... 41

4.4.5

Point Values ........................................................................................................................ 42

4.5

Rule Violations ............................................................................................................................ 43

4.5.1

Violation Details................................................................................................................... 43

4.6

DRIVE TEAM .............................................................................................................................. 44

4.7

Other Logistics ............................................................................................................................ 45

5

Safety Rules ........................................................................................................................................ 47

6

Conduct Rules ..................................................................................................................................... 49

7

Game Rules: ROBOTS ....................................................................................................................... 55

8

9

7.1

Before/After the MATCH ............................................................................................................. 55

7.2

During the MATCH ...................................................................................................................... 55

7.2.1

During AUTO Only .............................................................................................................. 55

7.2.2

POWER CELL Interaction ................................................................................................... 56

7.2.3

Zone Specific Restrictions ................................................................................................... 57

7.2.4

ROBOT Restrictions ............................................................................................................ 60

7.2.5

ROBOT to ROBOT Interaction ............................................................................................ 61

7.2.6

FIELD Interaction ................................................................................................................ 63

Game Rules: Humans ......................................................................................................................... 65

8.1

Before the MATCH ...................................................................................................................... 65

8.2

During the MATCH ...................................................................................................................... 66

8.3

In the ARENA .............................................................................................................................. 67

ROBOT Construction Rules ................................................................................................................ 69

9.1

Overview ..................................................................................................................................... 69

9.2

General ROBOT Design ............................................................................................................. 71

9.3

ROBOT Safety & Damage Prevention ........................................................................................ 73

9.4

Budget Constraints & Fabrication Schedule ............................................................................... 74

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9.5

BUMPER Rules ........................................................................................................................... 76

9.6

Motors & Actuators ...................................................................................................................... 84

9.7

Power Distribution ....................................................................................................................... 87

9.8

Control, Command & Signals System ......................................................................................... 93

9.9

Pneumatic System ...................................................................................................................... 97

9.10

OPERATOR CONSOLE ........................................................................................................... 101

10

Inspection & Eligibility Rules ............................................................................................................. 103

11

Tournaments ..................................................................................................................................... 107

11.1

MATCH Schedules .................................................................................................................... 107

11.2

REFEREE Interaction ............................................................................................................... 107

11.2.1

YELLOW and RED CARDS .............................................................................................. 108

11.3

MATCH Replays ....................................................................................................................... 109

11.4

Measurement ............................................................................................................................ 110

11.5

Practice MATCHES ................................................................................................................... 110

11.6

Qualification MATCHES ............................................................................................................ 110

11.6.1

Schedule ........................................................................................................................... 110

11.6.2

MATCH Assignment .......................................................................................................... 110

11.6.3

Qualification Ranking ........................................................................................................ 111

11.7

Playoff MATCHES ..................................................................................................................... 111

11.7.1

ALLIANCE Selection Process ........................................................................................... 112

11.7.2

Playoff MATCH Bracket .................................................................................................... 113

11.7.3

Pit Crews ........................................................................................................................... 114

11.7.4

TIMEOUTS ........................................................................................................................ 114

11.7.5

BACKUP TEAMS .............................................................................................................. 114

11.8

TIMEOUTS ................................................................................................................................ 115

11.8.1

11.9

TIMEOUTS in Playoff MATCHES ..................................................................................... 116

Advancement Through the District Model ................................................................................. 117

11.10 Advancement to the FIRST? Championship ............................................................................. 117

11.11 FIRST? Championship: Additions and Exceptions ................................................................... 117

12

Glossary ............................................................................................................................................ 119

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2021 FIRST? Robotics Competition

1 INTRODUCTION

1.1

About FIRST ?

FIRST? (For Inspiration and Recognition of Science and Technology) was founded by inventor Dean

Kamen to inspire young people��s interest in science and technology. As a robotics community that

prepares young people for the future, FIRST is the world��s leading youth-serving nonprofit advancing

STEM education. For 30 years, FIRST has combined the rigor of STEM learning with the fun and

excitement of traditional sports and the inspiration that comes from community through programs that

have a proven impact on learning, interest, and skill-building inside and outside of the classroom.

FIRST provides programs that span a variety of age groups:

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?

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FIRST? Robotics Competition for grades 9-12, ages 14-18

FIRST? Tech Challenge for grades 7-12, ages 12-18

FIRST? LEGO? League for grades Pre-K -8, ages 4-16

o FIRST? LEGO? League Challenge for grades 4-8 (ages 9-16*)

o FIRST? LEGO? League Explore for grades 2-4 (ages 6-10)

o FIRST? LEGO? League Discover for grades Pre-K-1 (ages 4-6)

*Ages and grades vary by country

Please visit our website: for more information about FIRST and its programs.

1.2 In Memoriam

In October 2019, Dr. Woodie Flowers, an innovator in design and engineering education and the

Distinguished Advisor to FIRST and supporter of our mission, passed away. As thousands of heartfelt

tributes to Woodie have poured in from around the world, it is clear his legacy will live on indefinitely

through the gracious nature of our community and our ongoing commitment to empowering educators

and building global citizens.

Figure 1-1 Dr. Woodie Flowers, 1943-2019

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1.3 FIRST Robotics Competition

FIRST? Robotics Competition combines the excitement of sport with the rigors of science and technology.

Teams of students are challenged to design, build, and program industrial-size robots and compete for

awards, while they also create a team identity, raise funds, hone teamwork skills, and advance respect

and appreciation for STEM within the local community.

1 Introduction

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