DOWNTOWN OAKLAND PARKING MANAGEMENT REPORT

[NAME OF DOCUMENT] | VOLUME [Client Name]

City of Oakland & Metropolitan Transportation Commission

DOWNTOWN OAKLAND PARKING MANAGEMENT REPORT

FINAL

June 2016

Nelson\Nygaard Consulting Associates Inc. | i

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DOWNTOWN OAKLAND PARKING STUDY|PARKING MANAGEMENT REPORT ? FINAL City of Oakland/Metropolitan Transportation Commission

Table of Contents

Page Executive Summary ....................................................................................................................1 1 Introduction......................................................................................................................1-1

Planning with City Policy Goals in Mind ........................................................................................... 1-1 Study Approach ..................................................................................................................................... 1-4 2 Report Foundations .........................................................................................................2-1 Public Outreach Results......................................................................................................................... 2-2 Travel Behavior & Household Vehicle Ownership........................................................................... 2-5 Parking Inventory................................................................................................................................... 2-7 Parking Occupancy ............................................................................................................................. 2-15 Conclusions Regarding Existing Conditions ..................................................................................... 2-29 3 Managing On-Street Parking ...........................................................................................3-1 Parking Principles For Managing Curb Space................................................................................. 3-1 Summary of Recommendations for Managing Curb Parking........................................................ 3-2 Discussion ................................................................................................................................................. 3-3 Payment, Monitoring, and Enforcement Technologies .................................................................. 3-15 4 Managing and Regulating Off-Street Parking..................................................................4-1 Parking Principles for Managing Off-Street Parking..................................................................... 4-1 Summary of Recommendations for Managing Off-Street Parking ............................................. 4-1 Discussion ................................................................................................................................................. 4-2 Managing City-Owned Lots & Garages .......................................................................................... 4-3 Regulating Parking in Private Developments ................................................................................. 4-10 5 Transportation Demand Management .............................................................................5-1 Parking Principles................................................................................................................................... 5-1 Summary of TDM Recommendations.................................................................................................. 5-1 Discussion ................................................................................................................................................. 5-2 6 Implementation Plan........................................................................................................6-1

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DOWNTOWN OAKLAND PARKING STUDY|PARKING MANAGEMENT REPORT ? FINAL City of Oakland/Metropolitan Transportation Commission

Table of Figures

Page

Figure 0-1 Figure 1-1 Figure 2-1 Figure 2-2 Figure 2-3 Figure 2-4 Figure 2-5 Figure 2-6

Figure 2-7 Figure 2-8 Figure 2-9 Figure 2-10 Figure 2-11 Figure 2-12 Figure 2-13

Figure 2-14 Figure 2-15 Figure 2-16 Figure 2-17 Figure 2-18 Figure 2-19 Figure 2-20

Figure 2-21 Figure 2-22

Figure 2-23 Figure 2-24

Figure 2-25 Figure 2-26 Figure 2-27 Table 3-1 Figure 3-1 Figure 3-2 Figure 3-3 Figure 3-4 Figure 4-1 Figure 4-2 Figure 4-3 Figure 4-4

On- and Off-Street Parking Supply and Restrictions, Downtown Oakland ................. 5 Study Area............................................................................................................................. 1-5 Typical Mode of Intercepted Shoppers in the Study Area .......................................... 2-4 Typical Mode of Shoppers Surveyed Online.................................................................. 2-4 Number of Vehicles per Household, 2009-2013........................................................... 2-5 National Vehicle Ownership by Income Level (2014)................................................... 2-6 National Vehicle Ownership by Housing Tenure (2014) .............................................. 2-6 National Transportation Expenditures as a Percentage of Mean Income Before Taxes (2014) ......................................................................................................................... 2-7 Downtown Parking Inventory, By Type of Space........................................................... 2-7 On- and Off-Street Parking Supply and Restrictions (Northwest Quadrant) .......... 2-8 On- and Off-Street Parking Supply and Restrictions (Northeast Quadrant)........... 2-9 On- and Off-Street Parking Supply and Restrictions (Southwest Quadrant).........2-10 On- and Off-Street Parking Supply and Restrictions (Southeast Quadrant) ......... 2-11 On-Street Parking Inventory, by Type of Regulation.................................................. 2-12 On-Street Parking Posted Time Limits (Excluding Loading, Accessible & Unmarked Spaces) ............................................................................................................. 2-13 Off-Street Parking Regulations by Owner Type ......................................................... 2-14 Overall Parking Occupancy, Weekday versus Saturday .......................................... 2-15 On-Street versus Off-Street Parking Occupancy, Thursday ...................................... 2-16 On-Street versus Off-Street Parking Occupancy, Saturday ..................................... 2-16 Off-Street Reserved Parking Occupancy Rates, Thursday and Saturday..............2-18 Overall Parking Occupancy at Peak Hour (Thursday 12 p.m. to 1 p.m.) ............... 2-20 Parking Occupancy of Regular Spaces at Peak Hour (Thursday 12 p.m. to 1 p.m.)....................................................................................................................................... 2-21 Overall Parking Occupancy at Peak Hour (Saturday 12 p.m. to 1 p.m.)............... 2-22 Parking Occupancy of Regular Spaces at Peak Hour (Saturday 12 p.m. to 1 p.m.)....................................................................................................................................... 2-23 Inventory of Metered Spaces Surveyed for Disabled Placard Use........................2-26 Metered Spaces Occupied by Vehicles with Disabled Placards at Peak Hour (12 p.m. to 1 p.m.).............................................................................................................. 2-27 Duration of Stay at Metered Curb Spaces by Vehicles with Disabled Placards .. 2-28 Total Parking Occupancy, Thursday ............................................................................... 2-29 Total Parking Occupancy, Saturday............................................................................... 2-30 Time of Day Parking Rates in San Francisco ? An Example ........................................ 3-8 Parking Meter and Payment Technology....................................................................... 3-17 Parking Enforcement Technology..................................................................................... 3-19 Draft Signage Family, Oakland Uptown Wayfinding Pilot Project.........................3-21 Parking Wayfinding Signage .......................................................................................... 3-21 Select Rates at City-Owned Parking Facilities in Downtown ....................................... 4-4 Select Rates at a Sample of Privately-Owned Parking Facilities in Downtown ...... 4-4 Parking Garage Development Costs & Operating Expenses ..................................... 4-5 Reduced Vehicle Ownership with Unbundled Residential Parking ........................... 4-14

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DOWNTOWN OAKLAND PARKING STUDY|PARKING MANAGEMENT REPORT ? FINAL City of Oakland/Metropolitan Transportation Commission

Figure 4-5 Figure 5-1 Figure 5-2 Figure 5-3 Figure 6-1 Figure 6-2

Effects of Car sharing Membership on Vehicle Travel ................................................ 4-16 TMA Trip Planning Resources.............................................................................................. 5-4 Downtown Boulder Mode Split .......................................................................................... 5-6 Mode shifts achieved with free transit passes ................................................................ 5-7 Summary of Recommendations ......................................................................................... 6-1 Implementation Timeframe for Recommendations ........................................................ 6-2

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