Trends in the Periodic Table



Trends in the Periodic Table

Objective

To show trends in atomic radius, ionization energy, electronegativity and atomic radius in the periodic table.

Materials

Periodic table

Atomic radii data, electronegativity data and ionization energies data on bench

Procedure

1. Graph the trend of atomic mass (Y axix) against atomic number X axix). Answer the questions about this graph and what conclusions you would draw.

2. Graph the trend of first ionization energy. The graph should have the atomic number on the x-axis and ionization energy on the y-axis. Answer the questions about this graph and what conclusions you would draw.

3. Graph the trend of electronegativity. The graph should have the atomic number on the x-axis and electronegativity on the y-axis. Answer the questions about this graph and what conclusions you would draw.

4. Graph the trend of atomic radius. The graph should have the atomic number on the x-axis and atomic radius on the y-axis. Answer the questions about this graph and what conclusions you would draw.

Results

Atomic Mass vs. Atomic Number

See graph attached at the end of the lab write-up

1. What is the trend as you move down a group (column)?

2. What is the trend as you move across a period (row)?

3. On the representation of the periodic table below, draw arrows to represent an increasing mass.

Ionization Energy vs. Atomic Number

See graph attached at the end of the lab write-up

1. Define ionization energy.

2. What is the trend as you move down a group (column)?

3. What is the trend as you move across a period (row)?

4. On the representation of the periodic table below, draw arrows to represent increasing first ionization energy.

Electronegativity vs. Atomic Number

5. Define electronegativity.

6. What is the trend as you move down a group (column)?

7. What is the trend as you move across a period (row)?

8. On the representation of the periodic table below, draw arrows to represent an increasing electronegativity.

Atomic Radius

9. Define atomic radius.

10. What is the trend as you move down a group (column)?

11. What is the trend as you move across a period (row)?

12. On the representation of the periodic table below, draw arrows to represent an increasing atomic radius.

13. When an atom loses an electron, what is its charge? What do you think happens to the size of the atom?

14. When an atom gains an electron, what is its charge? What do you think happens to the size of the atom?

15. Arrange the following atoms in order of increasing atomic radius: potassium, carbon, rubidium, iodine, fluorine, and lithium. Explain your order.

16. Arrange the following atoms in order of increasing ionization energy: lithium, oxygen, magnesium, strontium, chlorine, and tellurium. Explain your order.

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