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UNIT 3

Content

a) Vocabulary

- Home

- Jobs and places of work.

- Description of a place.

- Asking for directions.

b) Grammar

- Countable and uncountable nouns.

- There is / there are with a/ an, some and any.

- Much, many, a lot of.

VOCABULARY. HOME

- * Home:

- * Room:

- * Bathroom:

- * Living room:

-* Kitchen:

-* Bedroom: .

YOU GET UNDER THE DUVET BEFORE SLEEPING

Do you get under...

You don't get under...

He gets under the duvet...

He doesn't get under...

Does he get under...

A SINGLE BED IS BIG ENOUGH FOR TWO PEOPLE

A single bed isn't big enough for two people.

Is a single bed enough for two people?

- YOU USUALLY HANG YOUR SOCKS AND UNDERWEAR IN THE WARDROBE.

- You

- * Rooms in a house and objects in these rooms:

- * Hounted house:

VOCABULARY WORKS

-* Jobs part 1:

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- Jobs part 2:

- Find the pairs:

- Crosswords:

COUNTABLE AND UNCOUNTABLE NOUNS

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- British Council 1:

Countable and uncountable nouns 1. British Council.

1 Countable & Uncountable nouns (1)

Nouns can be countable or uncountable. When you learn a new noun you should make a note of whether it is countable or uncountable as we use different words with countables and uncountables.

Countable nouns

There is a cat in the garden.

There are some birds in the trees.

For positive sentences we can use a/an or some (with a plural verb form)

There isn’t a dog in the garden.

There aren’t any birds in the tree.

For negatives we can use a/an or any (with a plural verb form).

Is there an orange on the tree?

Are there any chairs in the garden?

How many chairs are there?

In questions we use a/an, any or how many.

Uncountable nouns

There is some milk on the floor.

Uncountable nouns have no plural. The verb form is singular and we use some.

Is there any sugar?

How much wine is there?

In questions we can use any or how much.

Other expressions of quantity

There are a lot of apples on the trees.

There is a lot of snow on the road.

A lot of can be used with both countable and uncountable nouns.

Bill Gates has much money.

Notice that we don’t usually use ‘much’ or ‘many’ in positive sentences. We use ‘a lot of’.

Bill Gates has a lot of money.

There’s a lot of beer but there isn’t much wine.

There are a lot of carrots but there aren’t many potatoes.

We use not many with countable nouns and not much with uncountable nouns.

Some nouns can be both countable and uncountable, depending on how they are used, and some nouns are commonly confused. These are covered in another section.  

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- British Council 2: - British Council 1: h

Countable and uncountable nouns 2. British Council.

Some words can be both countable and uncountable depending on how they are used.

Would you like a chocolate?

Would you like some chocolate?

In a box of chocolates, the chocolates are countable and you can take one.

When you have a bar of chocolate the chocolate is uncountable and you can take some.

There are several other nouns that can be both countable and uncountable.

Can I have a glass of water, please?

There’s some broken glass on the pavement.

‘Glass’ is one. Many foodstuffs can be countable or uncountable. Think about the difference between ‘an ice cream’ and ‘some ice cream’ and ‘a coffee’ and ‘some coffee’

‘few/a few’ and ‘little/a little’

We use few and a few with countable nouns and we use little and a little with uncountable nouns.

A few friends are coming round for dinner tonight.

We’ve got a little time before our train leaves. Shall we go to a museum?

A few and a little both mean ‘some’. They have a positive meaning.

I’ve got very few friends here. I feel really lonely.

We’ve got very little time – hurry up or we’ll miss the train.

Few and little both mean ‘almost none’. They have a negative meaning.

Commonly confused words

I’d like an information about train times please

I’d like some information about train times please.

Although ‘information’ is countable in many languages, it is uncountable in English.

Have you had any news from Pete?

I haven’t brought much luggage with me.

Can you give me some advice please?

As well as information, the following words are all uncountable: news, luggage

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Execise my English pages: Decide if these nouns are countable or uncountable.



The children are playing in the garden.

I don't like milk.

I prefer tea.

Scientists say that the environment is threatened by pollution.

My mother uses butter to prepare cakes.

There are a lot of windows in our classroom.

We need some glue to fix this vase.

The waiters in this restaurant are very professional.

My father drinks two big glasses of water every morning.

The bread my mother prepares is delicious.

Drivers must be careful; the road is slippery.

Some policemen are organizing road traffic to avoid any accidents.

I bought three bottles of mineral water for our picnic.

I'd like some juice please!

Successful candidates will join the camp later this year.

A rise in oil prices is inevitable since there is more and more world demand for energy.

The exercises on this website are interesting.

Dehydrated babies must drink a lot of water.

Adult illiterates learn through a special government program.

I met some nice people when I was walking along the beach.

Write the above sentences in interrogative and negative.

1.- The children aren't playing in the garden./ Are the children playing in the garden? ©

2.- I don't like milk./ I like milk./ Do I like milk? (U)

3.- I don't prefer tea./ Do I prefer tea? (U)

4.- Scientists don´t say that the environment is threatened by pollution / Do scientists say that the environment is threatened by pollution? (C...)

5.- My mother doesn't use butter to prepare cakes. / Does my mother use butter to prepare cakes? (U)

6.- There aren't a lot of windows in our classroom. / Are there a lot of windows in our classroom? (C)

7.- We don't need any glue to fix this vase./Do we need any glue to fix this vase? (U)

8.- The waiters in this restaurant aren't very professional

-Are the waiters in this restaurant very professional? (C)

9.- My father doesn't drink two big glasses of water every morning. (U)

-Does my father drink two big glasses of water every morning?

10.- The bread my mother prepares isn't delicious. (U)

- Is the bread my mother prepares delicious?

11.- Drivers must not be careful; the road isn't slippery. (C)

- Must drivers be careful? Is the road slippery?



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Video:



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Vocabulary cooking

sartén - frying pan

sopera - tureen

olla - pot

tapadera - lid

plancha - iron

cazo - ladle

cazuela - cooking pot

tijeras - scissors

cuchara - spoon

tenedor - fork

cafetera - coffee maker

batidora - food mixer

cuchillo - knife / knives

espumadera - skimmer

Composition. Explain the recipe of one dish you like.

Bring a recipe in Spanish for Thursday

A sample recipe:

2 Ingredients

For the cake

225g/8oz plain flour

350g/12½oz caster sugar

85g/3oz cocoa powder

1½ tsp baking powder (one and a half / tea spoons)

1½ tsp bicarbonate of soda

2 free-range eggs (Free-range eggs are eggs produced using birds that are permitted to roam freely within a farmyard, a shed or a chicken coop.)

250ml/9fl oz milk

125ml/4½fl oz vegetable oil

2 tsp vanilla extract

250ml/9fl oz boiling water

For the chocolate icing

200g/7oz plain chocolate

200ml/7fl oz double cream

3 Preparation method

Preheat the oven to 180C/350F/Gas 4. Grease and line two 20cm/8in sandwich tins.

Technique: Greasing and lining cake tins

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Watch technique0:33 mins

For the cake, place all of the cake ingredients, except the boiling water, into a large mixing bowl. Using a wooden spoon, or electric whisk, beat the mixture until smooth and well combined.

Add the boiling water to the mixture, a little at a time, until smooth. (The cake mixture will now be very liquid.)

Divide the cake batter between the sandwich tins and bake in the oven for 25-35 minutes, or until the top is firm to the touch and a skewer inserted into the centre of the cake comes out clean.

Remove the cakes from the oven and allow to cool completely, still in their tins, before icing.

For the chocolate icing, heat the chocolate and cream in a saucepan over a low heat until the chocolate melts. Remove the pan from the heat and whisk the mixture until smooth, glossy and thickened. Set aside to cool for 1-2 hours, or until thick enough to spread over the cake.

To assemble the cake, run a round-bladed knife around the inside of the cake tins to loosen the cakes. Carefully remove the cakes from the tins.

Another sample of recipe:



Ingredients

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2 1/2 cups wide egg noodles

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1 teaspoon vegetable oil

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12 cups chicken broth

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1 1/2 tablespoons salt

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1 teaspoon poultry seasoning

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1 cup chopped celery

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1 cup chopped onion

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1/3 cup cornstarch

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1/4 cup water

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3 cups diced, cooked chicken meat

Directions

Bring a large pot of lightly salted water to a boil. Add egg noodles and oil, and boil for 8 minutes, or until tender. Drain, and rinse under cool running water.

In a large saucepan or Dutch oven, combine broth, salt, and poultry seasoning. Bring to a boil. Stir in celery and onion. Reduce heat, cover, and simmer 15 minutes.

In a small bowl, mix cornstarch and water together until cornstarch is completely dissolved. Gradually add to soup, stirring constantly. Stir in noodles and chicken, and heat through.

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TABLESPOON

Skin

1.- n. (gen) piel, (on face) cutis m. 2.- (on milk, pudding) nata f; (on paint) capa f. película f.

Skin vt. 1.- (animal) despellejar. 2. (knee, elbow etc.) rasguñarse

Arroz negro



Ingredientes

2 tazas de arroz redondo

1 sepia

1 pimiento verde

2 dientes de ajo

Perejil

4 granos de pimienta negra

2 cucharadas de tomate frito

2 sobres de tinta de calamar

Sal

Aceite de oliva virgen extra

5 tazas de caldo de pescado

Para el alioli:

2 dientes de ajo

Un pellizco de sal

50 ml de leche

100 ml de aceite de oliva virgen extra

Elaboración del arroz negro

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Ponemos aceite de oliva virgen extra en la paellera o sartén y freímos el pimiento verde cortado en trozos, cuando comience a dorarse añadimos la sepia que salteamos a fuego fuerte. Machacamos en el mortero los ajos, con la sal, la pimienta y el perejil y lo añadimos. Mezclamos y dejamos que se cocine todo junto como un minuto. Incorporamos el tomate y la tinta de calamar, mezclamos bien y añadimos el arroz, removemos durante un par de minutos y ya sólo nos queda poner el caldo de pescado. Dejamos que hierva, bajamos el fuego y lo dejamos cocinar a fuego medio 20 minutos.

Una vez que han pasado los 20 minutos, apagamos el fuego y dejamos reposar unos 5 minutos antes de servir.

Por cierto que antes diluía la tinta de calamar en un vasito con un poco de caldo pero ya la hecho siempre directamente congelada, de esta forma me evito manchar de tinta más cosas.

Para elaborar el alioli de leche.

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Ponemos en el vaso de la batidora los ajos,  a los que le hes quitado la parte central, y la sal. Añadimos el aceite y la leche. Metemos la batidora y comenzamos a batir sin moverla hasta que veamos que comienza a emulsionar, en ese momento movemos la batidora arriba y abajo hasta que todo este emulsionado. Guardamos en la nevera hasta el momento de servir.

Ya sólo nos queda servir nuestro arroz negro acompañado de un poco de alioli.

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DESCRIPTION OF A PLACE



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Review some prepositions:



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Describe your room

I have got my own room. In my room there is a bed, a table and a wardrobe. There is a window above the bed and a bookcase beside the bed. The wardrobe is on the left and my bed is on the right. The books are inside the bookcase. On the table there are notebooks, pens and a lamp. The room is painted of green colour. The table is near the bed . The bed is between the window and the table . The wardrobe is opposite the bookcase.

ASKING FOR DIRECTIONS



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Listen to the first Audio File

Transcription of Audio File 1

BBC Learning English

How to …

Asking for and giving directions

Jackie: Hello, welcome to BBC Learning English dot com. I'm Jackie Dalton. Today's

programme is all about giving and understanding directions. Our reporter

Helen is new to London and has been out asking people for directions to

various different places. We'll take a look at some of the key phrases that come

up as she tries to find her way around. Let's start with a simple one.

Examples

Can you tell me how to get to the nearest toilet, please?

To the nearest toilet? Yes, you just go down the stairs here, turn right and it's just on your

right.

Jackie:

Nice and easy. 'Turn right' or 'turn left' – a simple way of telling people in

which direction they should go. And if you want to describe the position of a

particular place in relation to the person you can say it's 'on your right', or 'on

your left'. Let's listen to that clip once more.

Examples

Can you tell me how to get to the nearest toilet, please?

To the nearest toilet? Yes, you just go down the stairs here, turn right and it's just on your

right.

Jackie:

Now listen out for a slightly different way of telling someone to turn left or

right.

Examples

Can I ask you how to get to the nearest bus stop please?

Just go straight to the bottom there, just take a left turn, take a left turn – and that's it, yeah,

it's just round the corner.

Jackie:

That's another way of telling someone to go in a particular direction – earlier

we heard the phrase 'turn right' or 'turn left', you could also say 'take a left' or

'take a left turn'.

A word that's already come up five times is 'just'. Listen to how it's used.

Examples

You just go down the stairs here, turn right and it's just on your right.

Just go straight to the bottom there, just take a left turn, take a left turn – and that's it, yeah,

it's just round the corner.

Jackie:

'Just' is a sort of filler and a way of suggesting that what the person has to do

isn't difficult: 'Just go down the stairs' somehow sounds easier than 'Go down

the stairs'. Listen again:

Examples

You just go down the stairs here, turn right and it's just on your right.

Just go straight to the bottom there, just take a left turn, take a left turn – and that's it, yeah,

it's just round the corner.

Jackie:

One thing that can be confusing when it comes to directions is the use of the

word 'right'. Listen to this clip – the word 'right' is used in three different ways.

Examples

Do you know how to get to Covent Garden?

Yeah, yeah, you just go…at the end of the street, go left and then go right and take the second

right around the Aldwych theatre, go right up there, then go left and Covent Garden Market

will just be right in front you – you just walk down…

Jackie: Let's break that down.

Examples

go left and then go right

Jackie:

simple enough – 'go right' means the same as 'turn right' or 'take a right'. What

about here?

Examples

around the Aldwych theatre, go right up there

Jackie:

'Go right up there' could be interpreted in two different ways and even a native

English speaker could get confused here. The man could have meant 'turn

right', or he could have meant 'go all the way up there'. 'Go right up there' -'go

all the way up there'. We say things like 'go right to the end of the road' to

mean 'go all the way to the end of the road' – very different from taking a right

turn. A clue is often in the prepositions. If you’re telling someone to turn, it

often comes with the preposition 'at'. For example, 'Go right at the main road'.

Whereas the preposition 'up' – 'Go right up the main road' – tends to mean go

all the way up the main road. If you're not sure, just ask. So that's two different

uses of 'right'. What about the third?

Examples

and Covent Garden Market will just be right in front you

Jackie:

'Covent Garden will just be right in front of you'. He could also have said

'Covent Garden will be directly in front of you' or 'immediately in front of you'

– it's not far away. 'Right in front of you' in this context means 'it's not far away'. Let’s listen to the next set of directions. Listen out for an expression in

this clip which means 'it's very easy to see'.

Examples

I was wondering if I could ask you how to get to the nearest tube station?

Err, you could use Holborn tube station, which is straight down Oxford street, turn right and

keep going up Kingsway and you won't miss it, it's on the right.

Jackie:

Did you spot the expression? 'You won't miss it' is a nice way of saying 'it's

very easy to see'. Now listen to the beginning of this sentence.

Examples

keep going up Kingsway and you won't miss it, it's on the right.

Jackie:

'Keep going' is a good way of telling someone they will have to walk or drive

for a while before they get to a certain point.

Let's end with a couple of questions to check you've understood some of

today's language.

Which is correct: 'The building is at your right' or 'The building is on your

right'?

The second is correct – we use the preposition 'on'. 'The building is on your

right.'

Which of these would be a correct way of telling someone to turn left: 'Take a

left' or 'Have a left'?

The first one is correct. 'Have a left' doesn't make sense – 'Take a left' is fine.

Which of these phrases means turn right: 'Go right to the end of the road' or

'Go right at the end of the road'?

The second one, with the preposition 'at' means turn right. 'Go right up the

road' usually means go all the way up the road.

That's all for now, but keep practising your English with our quizzes, games

and programmes on BBC Learning English dot com.

Listening Activity

Listen to the conversation. Which building in our strangely square town is the nearest Post Office to your location

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Transcript:

A: Hello, excuse me, can you tell me how to get to the nearest Post Office?

B: Erm, yea, sure – you go straight up this street. Take the second turn on the right. Keep

going along there, across one junction, and it’s right there on your left.

A: Thanks

B: Oh, no, hang on, wait a minute, there’s a closer one. Walk up this street, take the first left

and there’s a Post Office on your right at the next junction, sorry, I forgot about that one.

A: Thanks again

Answer:

There are two Post Offices. One is building F but the nearest is building N.

Reading Activity

For each question choose the one correct answer.

1: If you go up to the fifth floor, you'll find his office ____ your right as you come out

the elevator.

a: on

b: in

c: by

2: Go to the end of the road and ____ left by the traffic lights.

a: bend

b: turn

c: twist

3: _____ a right just after the supermarket.

a: Have

b: Take

c: Give

4: You ____ his house, it's painted bright pink!

a: can’t find

b: can’t miss

c: can't lose

5: Go ____ on to the end of the road.

a: straight

b: near

c: towards

ANSWERS

1: If you go up to the fifth floor, you'll find his office ____ your right as you come out

the elevator.

a: on

2: Go to the end of the road and ____ left by the traffic lights.

b: turn

3: _____ a right just after the supermarket.

b: Take

4: You ____ his house, it's painted bright pink!

b: can’t miss

5: Go ____ up to the end of the road.

a: straight

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a) Can you tell me how to get to the Plaza de Toros?

You are in the corner of Virgen de Luján and Asunción.

-Go straight up this street. There is a circus. Turn right an take the bridge., Go straight up that bridge and take a left. Go straight up that street and it's right there on your right.

b) You are at theatre Lope de Vega and want to go to Hotel Alfonso XIII.

Can you tell me how to get to the Hotel Allfonso XIII? / Can you tell me where is the Hotel Alfonso XIII?

Go out the theatre. Go straight. Take the first on the left. Take the first left again. Go straigth. Take the second on the rigth

c) From V. de Luján and Virgen de Fátima to Círculo de Labradores.

A - Can you tell me how to get to the Círculo De Labradores?

B- Go straight up this street. Take the seventh turn on the left . Keep going along and it´s on the right side

A_ Thanks !!

A) Can you tell me how to get to the Círculo de Labradores?

B) You are in V. de Luján. Go straight on, take the fifth turn on the left. Take the fourth turn on the right. Go straight on, Círculo de Labradores is in front of you.

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