CCEI890- Prominent Early Childhood Theorists - Handout

[Pages:7]CCEI890: Prominent Early Childhood Theorists Handout

Welcome to CCEI890

This course provides an overview of major theories of early childhood development. Over the past hundred years or more, these fundamental theories have been built upon by subsequent generations of theorists and educators. Today, we continue to debate, test, and refine the fundamental theories first put forth by such famous names as Sigmund Freud and Jean Piaget. The theories presented in this course are the basis for many of the commonly accepted practices found in most early childhood educational settings.

Course Objectives:

By taking notes on the handout and successfully answering assessment questions, participants will meet the following objectives as a result of taking this course:

Identify important aspects of the theories of Sigmund Freud, including parts of the psyche and various defense mechanisms

Identify important aspects of Erikson's Stages of Psychosocial Development Define attachment theory (by John Bowlby and Mary Ainsworth) Identify important aspects of behavioral learning theory, as proposed by B.F. Skinner and

others Identify important aspects of Cognitive Development Theory as proposed by Jean Piaget Identify important aspects of the Theory of the Social Context of Learning, as proposed by Lev

Vygotsky

References:

Bates, B. (2019). Learning Theories Simplified:...and how to apply them to teaching, 2nd edition. SAGE Publications Ltd.

Brown, K., & Gordon, A. (2016). Beginnings & Beyond: Foundations in Early Childhood Education, 10th edition. Cengage Learning.

DeHart, G., Sroufe, L.A., & Cooper, R. (2004). Child Development: Its Nature and Course, 5th edition. New York: McGraw-Hill.

Mercer, J. (2018). Child Development: Concepts and Theories. SAGE Publications Ltd.

Mooney, C. (2013). Theories of Childhood: An Introduction to Dewey, Montessori, Erikson, Piaget, & Vygotsky, 2nd edition. Redleaf Press. St. Paul, MN.

Mooney, C. G. (2009). Theories of Attachment: An Introduction to Bowlby, Ainsworth, Gerber, Brazelton, Kennell, and Klause. Redleaf Press. St. Paul, MN.

Santrock, J., Deater-Deckard, K., et al. (2020). Child Development: An Introduction, 15th edition. McGraw-Hill Education.

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Why Do We Need Theories about Childhood Development? In your own words, explain what learning theories are trying to figure out. What kinds of questions are they trying to answer?

Psychoanalytic Theory Who was Sigmund Freud, and what is he known for? Define the oral stage according to Freud:

Define the id according to Freud:

Define the ego according to Freud:

Define the superego according to Freud:

Freudian Defense Mechanisms What are defense mechanisms?

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Briefly describe each of the following defense mechanisms: Repression

Fantasy

Denial

Projection

Acting Out

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Passive Aggression

Psychosocial Theory What was the focus of Dr. Erik Erikson's work?

Briefly describe what occurs during each of the first three stages of psychosocial development, according to Erikson. Hope: Trust vs. Mistrust Age range:

Will: Autonomy vs. Shame & Doubt Age range:

Purpose: Initiative vs. Guilt Age range:

What is the theory of mutuality?

Attachment Theory Define attachment theory:

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Behavioral Learning Theory What is behaviorism? List three basic ideas behind Behavioral Learning Theory: What was Ivan Pavlov, and what is he famous for? According to B.F. Skinner, what is operant conditioning? What are Skinners Five Main Obstacles to Learning?

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What are five ways to address the main obstacles to learning, according to Skinner?

Cognitive Developmental Theory What is the name of Piaget's best-known theory? What are the four main stages of Piaget's theory?

Briefly describe the characteristics associated with each of the four main stages in Piaget's Theory of Cognitive Development: Sensorimotor Stage

Preoperational stage What is symbolic thinking? What does it mean to be egocentric? At what age are most children egocentric, according to Piaget?

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Concrete Operational Stage

Formal Operational Stage

Important Terminology and Concepts from Piaget Object Permanence: Assimilation: Accommodation: Theory of the Social Context of Learning Briefly summarize the main point of Vygotsky's Social Cognition Learning Model:

What is the Zone of Proximal Development? What is scaffolding:

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