Volcanoes and Earthquakes - Monroe Career & Technical Institute

[Pages:23]Volcanoes and Earthquakes

Questions

1. What is an earthquake? 2. What is a volcano 3. In what state are earthquakes most likely to occur? Justify your

answer 4. In what state are volcanoes most likely to occur? Justify your

answer. 5. In what country are earthquakes most likely to occur? Justify

your answer. 6. In what country are volcanoes most likely to occur? Justify your

answer. 7. Compare the three types of volcanoes. 8. Compare the three types of seismic waves 9. Explain how an earthquake is located. 10. What can the locations of earthquakes and volcanoes tell us

about the Earth?

What Is an Earthquake?

Earthquake - vibration of Earth caused by rapid release of energy

Focus and Epicenter

? Focus - point within Earth where earthquake starts.

? Epicenter - location on the surface directly above the focus

Faults

? Faults - fractures in Earth where movement has occurred.

Causes of Earthquakes

Elastic Rebound Hypothesis - Rapid release of elastic energy stored in rock that occurs when rock is broken

Locating Earthquakes

Earthquake Waves

During earthquakes, energy is released as waves

Surface waves - travel along Earth's outer layer

P waves ? Push-pull waves that compress and expand in the direction that the

waves travel ? Travel through solids, liquids, and gases ? Fastest of all earthquake waves

S waves ? Travel along Earth's outer layer ? Shake particles at right angles to the direction of travel ? Travel only through solids ? Slower than P waves

Earthquake Waves

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