Chapter 9 Part 1: Life in Ancient Rome
Chapter 9 Part 1: Life in Ancient Rome
I. Roman Culture
-The Romans copied ideas from the Greeks-changed them.
-Roman statues and art portrayed people with flaws.
-They used Greek ideas in architecture-columns and porches
Also used their own ideas-arches, domes, and vaults
-Two buildings that stand today-Colosseum and the Pantheon
-Virgil-Aeneid
-Horace-wrote satires and odes
-Ovid and Catullus-inspired by Greek writing and myths
-Livy-History of Rome
-Many modern European languages today are based on Latin
-Galen-brought Greek medical ideas to Rome
-Ptolemy-scientist-studied and mapped the stars
-advanced road system and aqueducts were created
II. Daily Life in Rome
-Rome-one of largest cities in ancient world
-Forum-center of Rome
-Government provided free grain and sporting shows.
-Wealthy-large, fine homes. Poor-apartment buildings of stone and wood
-Families-large-included young and married children, other relatives, and
enslaved servants
-Wealthy children-boys and girls- received education-tutors and some boys
went to school
-Boy-became a man between 14 and 16. Girls-became adults when
married
-Women had few rights. Wealthy women had more freedom than poorer
-Slaves were not uncommon
-Romans worshipped many gods and goddesses
Chapter 9 Part 2: The Fall of Rome
I. The Decline of Rome
-After Aurelius’s death, Commodus and the Severans ruled Rome
-Rome’s leadership grew weak after the Severans ended
-The economy worsened
-A plague spread and killed many people
-Invaders began pushing into the empire’s territory
-Diocletian-tried to establish reforms to improve political situation
-Constantine-moved capital to Byzantium, later known as Constantinople
II. Rome Falls
-Theodosius-split empire into two-Western and Eastern Roman Empires
-Visigoths rebelled against Rome and beat them at the Battle of
Adrianople
-Alaric-Visigoth leader-captured Rome and burned it
-Odoacer-Germanic leader-took control of Rome’s government and
marked the end of the Western Roman Empire
-Odoacer is killed
-Eastern Roman Empire becomes known as the Byzantine Empire and
continues to prosper
III. The Legacy of Rome
-The U.S. is influenced by laws and gov’t of the ancient Romans
-Western architecture uses styles of the Romans
-Christianity began in the Roman Empire
Chapter 9 Part 3: The Byzantine Empire
I. The Rise of the Byzantines
-The Byzantine Empire included Greeks, Egyptians, Arabs, Armenians
Jews, Persians, Slavs, and Turks
-Constantinople-capital of Byzantine Empire
-Eventually, the Byzantine Empire became more influenced by
Greece
-Some ideas from the Slavs, Egyptians, and Persians also mixed
with Greek influences
II. Emperor Justinian
-Justinian-emperor of the Byzantine Empire-A.D. 527-A.D. 565
-Empress Theodora-helped her husband rule
-Belisarius-general who helped lead the Byzantine army
-Tribonian-legal scholar-simplified the legal code
III. Byzantine Civilization
-The Empire lasted for about 1,000 years.
-They depended on trade. Center of trade between Europe and Asia
-Silk weaving was a major industry
-Hagia Sophia-religious center and great architectural accomplishment
-Most mosaics showed saints, or Christian holy people
-Marriage and family were an important part of life
-Women had some rights. They became educated, and some served as
regents
-Government supported education. Boys went to school and girls were
taught at home.
-Most written literature was religious
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