Ecological Succession - Department of Mathematics
Ecological Succession
? Succession- changes which increase the community complexity over time
? Primary succession- succession which takes place when bare, lifeless substrate becomes available for colonization (VERY slow)
? retreating glaciers ? emerging islands ? formation of new lake
Ecological Succession
1
Ecological Succession
? Secondary Succession- re-colonization following disturbance (much faster than primary succession)
? fire, floods, bulldozers, etc
Secondary Succession
2
Ecological Succession
? What makes succession happen?
? Tolerance
?only species which can tolerate full range of conditions survive
?early succession- r-selected species dominate because they have broader "tolerance ranges"
? Facilitation- species present change the environment and
make it more hospitable for others
? Inhibition- species present change the environment and
make it less suitable for themselves
Keystone Species
? In many communities one or a few species appear to be very important in maintaining the community structure... these are called "Keystone" species.
3
Material Cycling
? Energy flows / matter cycles
? note: true at STP...
? Since there is a finite amount of each element on earth today, essential elements (and compounds) must be recycled over and over.
? Examples-
? water ? carbon ? nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus, iron, etc)
4
Material Cycling
? Carbon Cycle
Photosynthesis
(stores sun's energy)
CO2
Organic Carbon
Respiration
(releases energy)
Photosynthesis by plants
5
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