Preparation of the Education Sector Development Program in ...

Preparation of the Education Sector Development Program in

Ethiopia

Preparation of the Education Sector Development Program in Ethiopia

John Martin Riitta Oksanen Tuomas Takala

The views and opinions expressed in this volume are those of the authors and should not be attibuted to ADEA, to its members or affiliated organizations ot to any individual acting on behalf of ADEA.

This study was funded by the Ministry for Foreign Affairs, Finland and the Department for International Development (DfID), UK. Financial support for publication of the study was provided out of ADEA Core Funds, to which the following organizations are contributing members: African Development Bank (ADB); Canadian International Development Agency (CIDA); Danish International Development Agency (DANIDA); International Development Research Centre (IDRC); International Institute for Educational Planning (IIEP); Norwegian Agency for Development Cooperation (NORAD); Rockefeller Foundation; Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency (SIDA); United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO); United Nations International Children's Fund (UNICEF); United States Agency for International Development (USAID); the World Bank; Department of Development Cooperation (Austria); Department for International Development, U.K.(DfID); Ministry for Foreign Affairs of Finland, Department for International Development Cooperation; Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Department of International Cooperation and Development (France); Department of Foreign Affairs, Ireland; Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Netherlands; and, Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation (SDC).

Published by the Association for the Development of Education in Africa (ADEA) ISBN 92-9178-021-0 This publication has been translated into french under the title "Pr?paration du Programme de d?veloppement du secteur de l'?ducation en Ethiopie". ISBN 92-9178-021-9 Cover design: Marie Moncet

? Association for the Development of Education in Africa (ADEA) 2000

Association for the Development of Education in Africa (ADEA) International Institute for Educational Planning 7-9, rue Eug?ne Delacroix, 75116 Paris, France Web Site:

Contents

Abbreviations ....................................................................x

1. Introduction ...................................................................................... 1

Purpose of the Study ......................................................................................... 1 Conduct of the Assessment ............................................................................. 3

2. Description of the ESDP Preparation Process .......................... 5

Principle Events in the Preparation ............................................................... 5 Parallel Preparation of the Health Sector Development Program (HSDP) 6 Education Sector Review and Studies by the Policy and Human Resources Development Project (PHRD) ................................... 6 Initiation Phase ................................................................................................... 7 Mission Phase ..................................................................................................... 8

Composition of Mission Team ........................................................................... 8 Composition of the Ethiopian Teams ................................................................ 9 Organization and Conduct of the ESDP Joint Technical Assistance Missions ......................................................................... 9 Mode of Operation of the Mission Team .......................................................... 9 Mission 1 .......................................................................................................... 10 Mission 2 .......................................................................................................... 11 Mission 3 .......................................................................................................... 14 Development of the ESDP Budgets ................................................................. 15 Supporting Studies ........................................................................ 16 Nature of the Studies ........................................................................................ 16 Study on Implementing Sector Development Programs in Ethiopia .............. 16 Study on Harmonizing Requirements and Procedures among

Potential Funding Agencies Supporting ESDP and HSDP in Ethiopia ..... 19 Study on Financial Reporting System on the Use of Donor Funds .............. 21 Post-Mission Phase ......................................................................................... 22 Preparation of the Program Action Plan (PAP) ............................................. 22 Preparation of the Program Implementation Manual (PIM) ......................... 22 Debre Zeit II Meeting ....................................................................................... 23 Development of a Textbook Policy and Strategy for Private Sector

Involvement .................................................................................................... 24

3. Views of the Participants ............................................................ 25

Introduction ................................................................................. 25 The Structure and Organization of the ESDP Preparation ................... 25

Technical Components ..................................................................................... 25 Preparation of Implementation Arrangements ............................................... 28 ESDP Budgeting .............................................................................................. 31

V

Format and Conduct of Missions .................................................................... 32 Guidance and Guidelines ................................................................................ 33 Roles and Responsibilities--Relations and Tensions ..................................... 35 Participations ................................................................................................... 39 Timing ................................................................................................................ 40 Outcomes of the Preparation Process ............................................... 41 ESDP Plans ...................................................................................................... 41 Program Implementation Manual (PIM) ......................................................... 43

4. Summary of Main Achievements and Issues ........................ 45

Positive Achievements ................................................................... 45 Strong ownership and commitment on behalf of the GOE ............................ 45 Decentralized planning and involvement of Regional administrations ........ 45 Increase in the capacity to carry out educational planning of the Ministry of Education, the Central Institutions, and the Regional Education Bureaus ........................................................................................ 46 The spirit of partnership shared between Government and participating agencies ......................................................................................................... 46 Cooperation and coordination between donors ............................................ 46 The development of a structure to accommodate all support to the education sector ...................................................................................... 47 Analysis of implementation issues in the context of SDPs and harmonization of procedures ........................................................................ 47

Unresolved Issues ......................................................................... 47 The lack of policy dialogue between GOE and donors ................................ 48 Implementation arrangements for the ESDP and differences in donor requirements ................................................................................................... 48 The ESDP moves into implementation in a situation where differentiation among agencies prevails. .............................................................................. 49 Delays in the provision of donor funding for the ESDP ............................... 49 The needs for capacity building at all levels ................................................. 50

5. Lessons for ESDPs Elsewhere .................................................... 51

General Considerations ................................................................. 51 Education Policy Framework and Dialogue ...................................... 52

Scope of ESDPs ............................................................................................... 52 Forum for participation in policy dialogue .................................................... 52 Organization of the Preparation Process ......................................... 53 Roles in preparation ........................................................................................ 53 Mission leadership and collegial approach ................................................... 54 Continuity of personnel and emerging areas of expertise ............................. 54 Arrangements for donor coordination during the preparation process ....... 55 Flexibility and orientation during the preparation process .......................... 55 Harmonization of Management Procedures ..................................... 56

VI

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