Geography of Africa



Name:

Period:

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING OF AFRICA

Africa is the _______ largest continent in the world.

The four bodies of water that surround Africa are:

1.

2.

3.

4.

The major desert in Africa is the _________________________

Two other deserts in Africa are the __________________ and

the______________________

The expansion of deserts is a process known as _______________________

The hardest hit region in Africa in terms of this is the ____________________

This Sahel includes parts of the countries of

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

One consequence of desertification has been :

List the causes of desertification:

1.

2.

3.

_______________________ are characterized by coarse grass and sparse tree growth.

_______________________ are elevated flatlands that fall off sharply at one end.

The ________________ is the major river in Africa and the largest in the world.

Three other major rivers in Africa are the

1.

2.

3.

Why is there a lack of harbors in Africa?

What is the name of the large Canyon in Southeast Africa?

Describe the climates of the following regions:

Savanna--

Tropical Rain Forests--

Desert--

Mediterranean Region--

Agricultural resources in Africa include:

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

Too much rain in some areas cause ______________________ or the washing away of nutrients.

Why is there a lack of hydroelectric power in Africa?

HISTORIC SETTING OF AFRICA

_____________________ is a key theme in African History.

Scholars have identified between _______ and __________ distinct linguistic groups in

Sub-Saharan Africa as well as ___________ distinct cultural groups.

Define:

Tribalism

Nationalism

Some of the oldest objects made by humans have been found in the _______________

___________ ___________________.

The Kingdom of Ghana flourished between _________ and __________ A.D. and

developed trade in ______________ and ____________.

The Mali Empire was dominated what religion?

What led to the fall of the Mali Empire to the Songhai?

What city became a center for Islamic learning during the Songhai Empire?

How did the Songhai derive its wealth?

Where was the Empire of Zimbabwe located?

What was the basis for the success of this empire?

Where did the Kindom of Kush and Axum develop?

What country traces their roots to Kush and Axum?

What caused the slave trade to flourish?

Some scholars estimate that ___ million Africans may have been brought to the Americas against their will.

The slave trade led to ____________ _______________ or the exchange of ideas and goods among cultures.

This occurred on the following continents:

1.

2.

3.

4.

How did Slave Trading nations justify the slave trade?

After 1870, European nations entered into an age of _______________________.

Define:

Colonialism

Nationalism

Which two countries established the largest African empires?

1.

2.

What other European countries took land ?

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

What were the negative effects of European rule in Africa?

1.

2.

3.

What were the positive effects of European rule in Africa?

1.

2.

3.

4.

In the mid-1900’s colony after colony demanded ________________________ or the right to determine its own future.

After World War _____ many African countries gained their independence.

Define:

Pan-Africanism

What country was the last to gain its independence (1990)?

List the causes of African instability

1.

2

3.

4.

Define:

Boers

Afrikaners

Apartheid

Explain the African National Congress and Nelson Mandela’s involvement in it.

AFRICAN POLITICAL SETTING

What established the present day boundaries in Africa?

What two European countries did the most colonization in Africa?

List the effects of imperialistic rule :

1.

2.

3.

Prior to WWII what was the traditional political unit in Africa?

How were tribes used in colonial rule?

Few/Many Africans served during World War II/

Define:

Pan Africanism

self-determination

The Gold Coast became ___________ in 1957.

Ivory Coast was once under the rule of _____________.

Jomo Kenyatta gained independence for ________________.

What political problems plagued Africa following World War 2? (List and briefly explain)

1.

2.

3.

What is the goal of the African National Congress?

When was it formed?

What was the role of Nelson Mandela in the ANC?

Define/Explain:

Steven Bikko

Desmond Tutu

Trade Sanctions

FW DeKlerk

Organization of African Unity

Nonalignment

African nations make up _____ of the U.N.

AFRICAN ECONMIC SETTING:

Africa’s ____________ ___________ and great variety of ___________ have resulted in a huge diversity of crops grown for commercial and domestic uses.

List 5 resources found in Africa.

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

Define:

First World

Third World

Why did European countries colonize Africa?

Examples:

Congo:

Zambia

Tanzania:

West Africa:

Define:

Cash crops

List two crops introduced into Africa by Europeans

1.

2.

Today, how many cash crops exist in Africa?

What five products account for 80% of the continents agricultural output?

Other plantation crops in Africa include:

Why have cash crops been harmful to the African economy?

Define:

Revenues

Neocolonialism

Tariffs

Processed goods

Why have tariffs hurt the African economy?

Why is there a lack of industry in Africa? (List and briefly explain)

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

Why do Africans still rely on imported manufactured goods?

Define:

Subsistence Farming

What percentage of Sub-Saharan Africa still engages in subsistence farming?

List and briefly explain the four major reasons for Africa’s food crisis

1.

2.

3.

4.

Define the trend of population in Africa

What types of efforts have been made to relieve the hunger problems in Africa?

Describe the cycle of poverty.

AFRICAN SOCIAL SETTING

There are over ______ ethnic groups in Africa.

Define:

Ethnic group

Tribe

Tribalism

The majority of the people who live in North Africa practice what religion?

Most Africans who live South of the Sahara Desert consider themselves members of a

particular _____________________.

Define:

Extended Families

Patriarchal

Matriarchal

Patrilineal

Matrilineal

Polygamy

Bride-wealth

The traditional African social structure emphasizes the __________ over the ____________.

Rank the Social hierarchy in Africa.

1.

2.

3.

4.

What three factors have changed the role of ethnic groups and traditional families in Africa (List and briefly explain)

1.

2.

3.

The three major religions in Africa are

1.

2.

3.

The four major tenets of Animism are

1.

2.

3.

4.

Islam was founded by ________________

Islam uphold the belief in ________ god, _________________.

Describe the current spread of Islam.

Explain how Christianity spread to Africa.

Define:

Griot

List two traditional values in Africa

1.

2.

What are four major popular art forms in Africa? List and briefly describe.

1.

2.

3.

4.

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