A STUDY TO ASSESS THE KNOWLEDGE ,ATTITUDE AND …



A STUDY TO ASSESS THE KNOWLEDGE ,ATTITUDE AND PRACTICE

REGARDING TOBACCO SMOKING, DRUG ABUSE AND JUNK

FOODSAMONG ADOLSCENT BOYS IN SELECTED

COLLEGES OF BANGALORE

M.Sc. Nursing Dissertation protocol submitted to

[pic]

Rajiv Gandhi University of health Sciences, Karnataka, Bangalore.

By

Ms. K. VIJAYADURGA

M.Sc. NURSING FIRST YEAR

YEAR 2009-2011

Under the guidance of

Mrs. CHANDRAKALA

HOD, department of CHN

K.T.G. college of nursing,

Sreegandhadakavalu, Hegganahalli cross

Sunkadakatte road, Bangalore-560091.

RAJIV GANDHI UNIVERSITY OF HEALTH SCINCES,

BANGALORE , KARNATAKA.

SYNOPSIS PERMORMA FOR REGISRATION OF SUBJECT

FOR DISSERTATION

1.

NAME OF THE

CANDIDATE

AND ADDRESS

MS.KONDAPATI VIJAYA DURGA

FIRST YEAR M.Sc. NURSING

K.T.G. COLLEGE OF NURSING.

SREERGANDHADAKALALU,

HEGGANAHALLI CROSS.

SUNKADAKATTE ROAD,

BANGALORE- 560091

2.

NAME OF THE

INSTITUTION

K.T.G. COLLEGE OF NURSING.

SREERGANDHADAKALALU,

HEGGANAHALLI CROSS.

SUNKADAKATTE ROAD, BANGALORE-

3.

COURSE OF THE STUDY AND SUBJECT

M.Sc. NURSING FIRST YEAR

COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING

4.

5

DATE OF ADMISSION

TO THE COURSE

TITLE OF THE TOPIC

15- MAY- 2009

“A STUDY TO ASSESS THE KNOWLEDGE ,

ATTITUDE AND PRACTICE REGARDING

THE HAZARDS OF TOBACCO SMOKING ,

DRUG ABUSE AND JUNK FOODS AMONG

ADOLESCENCE BOYS IN SELECTED

COLLEGES OF BANGALORE.”

| |

| | |

| |BRIEF RESUME OF THE INTENDED WORK |

| |INTRODUCTION |

| |“A nation’s hope rests on its youth. For the hopes to become realities, the younger generation to grow into healthy adults.” |

| |-Siddaramaiah.M |

| |“Health is Wealth” goes the saying. Health is an essential factor for a happy contended life .Based on Alma-Ata’s declaration; much emphasis is |

| |being based on health promotion and preventive health care. Encouraging people to adopt healthy life styles and appropriate coping strategies are |

| |the key aim in health promotion.1 |

| |-Jesveena Mathias |

| |. Adolescence is a crucial gel fascinating period in an individual’s life span. The health concerns of this period have great |

| |implications for shifting the focus of care to Wellness promotion rather than treating established disorder.2 |

| |Drug abuse, smoking and eating junk foods or increasing in India and the number of substance addicts are increasing phenomenally .The process of |

| |adaptation to various academic and financial responsibilities, conflicts with the parents and peers which makes an adolescent vulnerable to |

| |emotional stress . They seek an easy solution to these problems. Use and abuse of drugs and smoking provides instant release from the pressure of |

| |life. The fast foods are ready- to- eat foods produced on a mass scale. They serve as a meeting point for teens. Nutrition lists, dietitians and |

| |physicians are screaming hoarse over the ill effects of fast foods. They attempt to dissuade people from consuming them but in vain.3 |

| | |

| |Need for the Study |

| | |

| |Adolescence the period between the onset of puberty and the cessation of physical growth. adolescence the period is divided into early |

| |adolescence,12-13 years; middle adolescence 14-16 years; late adolescence 17-21 years, |

| |There has been global increase in the prevalence of tobacco smoking, drug abuse and consumption of junk food. |

| |The WHO reports that 1.1 billion men and 250 million women world over are daily smokers. In India about 200 million people smoke tobacco and about |

| |8-10 lakh Indians die every year from the diseases caused by tobacco. About 75% of adolescents who smoke daily will smoke in their adulthood.1 |

| |Prevalence rates in Karnataka depending upon access and availability, 4.2 (±1.7) in 2000-2004. |

| |Many studies have shown that due to smoking there is low academic performance and school dropouts. Some types of psycho-pathology has been linked to|

| |increased smoking prevalence in adolescents especially attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and depression. They were also found that to have |

| |had more negative life events and greater perceived stress than non-smokers.6 The major diseases caused by tobacco consumption are heart diseases, |

| |chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cerebro- vascular accident, hypertension and other vascular diseases, cancer of buccal cavity, pharynx, |

| |larynx, lungs etc. Apart from being exposed to increase of hazards of his own health, is a threat to non-smokers who live and work in his close |

| |vicinity. Further the smokers use more negative coping methods like anger, helplessness.7 |

| |A drug of abuse produces several physiologically alterations like alteration in the mood, the level of perception or brain functioning and it may |

| |lead to acute intoxication. Intravenous use of heroin leads to other complications like serum hepatitis, septicemia, thrombophlebitis, Acquired |

| |Immune Deficiency Syndrome etc. Heroin abuse has often been associated with crime, violence, aggression. An obvious effect is the drain on family |

| |budgets. Debts found to accumulate and it leads to family disruption. Parents smoking behaviors influence the adolescents to form such bad habits.8 |

| | |

| |Teenagers have embraced junk jeweler, fast life, and fast music and now fast foods. It is also addictive in any cases and has serious repercussion |

| |when eaten excessively. If consumed over a period the body becomes malnourished which is bad. This condition lowers the immunity level and may |

| |invite infections. Serious health problems like diabetes, heart problems and high B.P are affecting people in their 20’s and 30’s. Stomach upsets |

| |are common too. Smoking, junk foods and drug abuse have become threatening problems in our modern world. The adolescence fall easy victims to these |

| |dangers, destroying or damaging their health, life and future which in turn in future of the nation. So we felt a strong need to take this study.9 |

| | |

| | |

| | |

| | |

| |6.2 Review of Literature |

| |Research can not add to human knowledge if it is conducted in isolation from other scientific efforts. |

| |According to Polit and Hungler (1995) Review of Literature refers to both activities involved in searching for information on a topic as well as the|

| |actual written report that summarizes the state of existing knowledge of research problem. |

| |Best (1992) stated “a review of literature provides evidence to what is already known, what is still unknown and untested. It provides useful |

| |hypothesis and helpful suggestions for significant investigations. It is valuable guide and suggests promising, data gathering devices, appropriate |

| |study design and source of data. |

| |The task of reviewing literature involves identification, selection, critical analysis and written description of existing information and on the |

| |topic of interest. A brief report of reviewed literature is organized under following headings |

| |● Literature related to smoking |

| |● Literature related to drug abuse |

| |● Literature related to junk foods |

| |LITERATURE RELATED TO SMOKING |

| |Non-Research literature |

| |World wide 3 million people die from smoking each year. one in every 10 sec which estimates suggests will rise to 10 millions by 2020. recent |

| |allegations suggest the top companies deliberately produce the most addictive cigarettes they can up to 40% of smokers begin when they are below the|

| |age of 18, often due ton peer pressure once addicted continuing to smoking is so larger an issue of freedom of choice, but of chemical |

| |compulsion.10 |

| |-Environment and people; Jan 2008. |

| |In US (2000) smoking inhalation accounts for as many as 10,000 deaths each year; further, French, Swedish, Scottish and US studies have documented|

| |the cyanide poisoning concurrent with CO poisoning, that often results from smoke inhalation |

| |-Mary Jokoschel(2000) |

| |According to Diana.J. Mason hospitalized smokers need help and nurses need to make sure they get it properly. Adolescents are a group that shows |

| |rising rates of tobacco use. |

| |-AJN Nov 1999 |

| | |

| |Research Literature |

| |D.M Becker, A.H Myers, M. Sacci, S. Weide and R.Swank examined smoking prevalence. Smoking behavior and attitude towards smoking in hospitals in |

| |1380 respondents among 1719 register nurses in a large urban teaching hospital. In this group current prevalence of smoking in hospital nurses (22%)|

| |were less than women in general population (29%) |

| |Ary and Biglan reports that nicotine use begins at a very early age in US and nearly all smokers age 35 years or younger began using cigarettes |

| |sometime in early adolescents roughly between the ages of 11-15 years and few people take up tobacco after the age of 18. |

| |Kenneth. St.C.Levy conducted a research to assess the relationship between adolescence attitudes towards authority, self concept and delinquency and|

| |it focus on attitude towards institutional authority among 3 groups of adolescents: non delinquents |

| |Non institutional delinquents and institutional delinquents. It was found that attitude towards parents, teachers, police and the law in general, |

| |positive Non delinquents attitudes were more posture than those of delinquents. |

| |A quasi experimental study was carried out X standard of a selected school in Kolar district to evaluate the effectiveness of PTP regarding |

| |adverse effects of smoking, knowledge gain of students. The study revealed a significant difference between pre and post test course of students. |

| |This knowledge may protect them from becoming smokers. The students may spread the knowledge they had gained to follow students, neighbors and |

| |friends. |

| |R.Sreevani(2008) |

| |LITERATURE RELATED TO DRUG ABUSE |

| |Non-research Literature |

| |Drug addiction destroys lives, families and communities. it destroys the nation. the threat of drug has assumed a serious dimension on account of |

| |growing AIDS epidemic especially by the younger generations . |

| |K.K Kamala |

| |The negative consequences of drug effect not only individual who abuse drugs but also their families and friends, various business and government |

| |resources. the most obvious effect of drug abuse which are manifested include ill health, sickness and ultimately death |

| |S.S.Prabudeva |

| |Research Literature |

| |A cross sectional analysis was carried out with in 3 months 2319 adolescence from 16 Thuriojian schools were surveyed 346 (15.1%)students out of |

| |2287 indicated use of prohibited substances from the WADA list in the previous year .16(0.7%) anabolic androgenic steroids, 10(0.4%)growth hormones |

| |56(2.4%) cocaine or heroine and six (0.3% erythropoietin .non athletes reported as substance use that was approximately higher than that of |

| |recreational athletes and nearly three times higher than that of competitive athletes .all these groups performed poorly on knowledge test regarding|

| |doping in general with an average below 60%in each care |

| |-Wanjek B,Rosendahl J, Shauss B, GabrielH.H (2004) |

| | |

| |LITERATURE RELATED TO JUNK FOODS |

| |Non research literature |

| |To much of junk foods when ingested are bound harmful .they burdening the kidney rich and spicy foods also effect the acid balance of the body. |

| |Their foods are particularly devoid of fiber and may cause constipation. it may also generate a lot of gas that cause bloating and uneasiness |

| |Malivika Dekhna.2006 |

| |According to the survey 81% of children and teen age youth influence where the family goes for the fast foods ,55% influence the choice of |

| |restaurants for dinner and 50% influence the type of food the family eats at home |

| |Herald of Health Nov2002. |

| |Research Literature |

| |Robert. w. Joffery, judeBaxter and Jennifer Linder (2005) conducted a research to assess the relation ship between the fast food restaurants and |

| |obesity. Eating at fast foods restaurants was positively associated with having children a high fat diet and BMI.15 |

| |Keren a Herbt and Armintel Jacobson conducted a research to assess the adolescent evening meal practices and attitudes to wards the maternal role in|

| |evening meal preparation results indicated the maternal employments effects adolescents evening meals in the number of meals.1.offer per week.,2 |

| |fully prepared by mother and 3. Eaten away from home attitudes are different between the sexes and those with |

| |employed and unemployed mothers. |

| | |

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| | |

| | |

| | |

| | |

| |STATEMENT OF PROBLEM |

| |“A study to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice regarding the hazards of tobacco smoking, drug abuse and junk foods among adolescent boys in|

| |selected colleges of Bangalore”. |

| | |

| |Objectives of the study |

| | ▪To assess the level of knowledge regarding hazards of tobacco smoking, drug abuse and junk foods among adolescent boys. |

| | |

| |▪To assess the attitude regarding hazards of tobacco smoking, drug abuse and junk foods among adolescent boys. |

| | |

| |▪To assess the practice regarding hazards of tobacco smoking, drug abuse and junk foods among adolescent boys. |

| | |

| |▪To find out the correlation between the knowledge attitude regarding hazards of tobacco smoking, drug abuse and junk foods. |

| | |

| |▪To find out the correlation between knowledge and practice regarding hazards of tobacco smoking, drug abuse and junk foods. |

| | |

| |▪To find out the association between knowledge, attitude and practice regarding hazards of tobacco smoking, drug abuse and junk foods with selected |

| |variables such as age, education, working parents, and area of residence, type of family, religion, economic status and source of information. |

| | |

| | |

| |Operational Definitions |

| | Knowledge; |

| |Knowledge means the rate of knowing about a particular fact or situation. in the present study it refers to adolescent boys information on the |

| |hazards of tobacco smoking, drug abuse and junk foods. |

| |Attitude; |

| |Attitude refers to the way one thinks, feels or behaves towards some thing or some body. |

| |Practice; |

| |Practice means doing an activity or training regularly so that you can improve the skill, or time you spend doing the activity. |

| |Adolescent Boys; |

| |Adolescence is the period of life between 10and 19 years. The boys between the age of 10 and 19 years are called adolescents boys. in this study |

| |adolescent boys means boys between 15-19 years |

| |Hazards; |

| |It means the thing that can be dangerous or cause damage. In this study it means the dangers or damage due to junk foods, drug abuse and tobacco |

| |smoking. |

| |Tobacco Smoking; |

| |It is inhalation and exhalation of fumes of a burning plant material, tobacco. |

| |Drug Abuse; |

| |The use or over use usually by self – administering of any drug in a manner that deviates from the prescribed pattern. |

| |Junk Foods; |

| |Junk food means that is quick and easy to prepare by one self. |

| | |

| | |

| |Hypothesis |

| | |

| | |

| |H1: There will be a significant correlation between knowledge and attitude regarding hazards of tobacco smoking, drug abuse and junk foods. |

| |H2: There will be significant correlation between knowledge and practice regarding hazards of tobacco smoking, drug abuse and junk foods. |

| |H3: There will be association between knowledge, attitude and practice regarding hazards of tobacco smoking, drug abuse and junk foods with selected|

| |demographic variables. |

| | |

| |ASSUMPTION; |

| | |

| |● Adolescent boys may have some knowledge regarding hazards of tobacco smoking, drug abuse and junk foods. |

| |●Adolescent boys will be willing to express their knowledge, attitude and practice regarding hazards of tobacco smoking, drug abuse and junk foods. |

| |DELIMITATION |

| |▪ The study limited to gender |

| |▪ Age group between 18 to 21 years. |

| |▪ Study period 4 weeks. |

| |PROJECTED OUTCOME |

| |The study will provide to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice regarding hazards of tobacco smoking, drug abuse and junk foods among |

| |adolescent boys in selected colleges in Bangalore. |

| |MATERIALS AND METHODS |

| |SOURCE OF DATA Adolescent boys studying in selected colleges of Bangalore |

| |METHOD OF DATA |

| |COLLECTION |

| |SAMPLING CRITERIA |

| |INCLUSION CRITERIA | ▪ Adolescent. boys of age 18 to21 years |

| | |▪ Subjects availability and willingness to participate in the study. |

| | | |

| |EXCLUSION CRITERIA |▪ Subjects who are not willing to participate in the study |

| | | |

| | |▪ People other than the age of adolescent period |

| |RESEARCH DESIGN |Descriptive design |

| | | |

| |VARIABLES UNDER STUDY |In the present study that demographic variables are the samples of revision, type of family, |

| |INDEPENDENT VARIABLE |working parents, economic status source of information of tobacco smoking, drug abuse and junk |

| | |foods. |

| | | |

| | | |

| | | |

| |DEPENDENT VARIABLES |Dependent variables are knowledge, attitude and practice |

| | | |

| | | |

| |SETTING |The study will be conducted selected colleges of Bangalore |

| | | |

| | | |

| | | |

| |POPULATION |Adolescent boys studying in selected colleges of Bangalore |

| | | |

| | | |

| |SAMPLE SIZE |The sample will consists of 60 to 100 adolescent boys in selected colleges of Bangalore |

| | | |

| |SAMPLE TECHNIQUE |Purposive sampling technique. |

| | | |

| |TOOL OF RESEARCH |Appropriate structured knowledge questionnaire to asses the knowledge and Likert type of |

| | |attitude scale to asses the attitude and practice of adolescent boys regarding tobacco smoking,|

| | |drug abuse and junk foods and will be constructed and validated by experts and it will be used |

| | |to collect the needed data |

| | | |

| |SECTION A |Deals with structured knowledge questionnaire consists of two parts |

| | |PART -1 : Demographic variables of adolescent boys |

| | |PART-2: Consists of 31 MCQ based on smoking, drug abuse and junk foods. |

| | |Deals with attitude scale. Scale consists of 41 items .There are five alternative responses |

| | |.Strongly agree (SA), Agree (A), Not sure (NS), Disagree (D), and Strongly Disagree (SD). |

| | | |

| | | |

| | | |

| |SECTION B | |

| | | |

| | | |

| |COLLECTION OF DATA |1. A prior permission will be obtained from the selected college’s authority of Bangalore for |

| | |collecting the required data. |

| | |rmed consent should be obtained from the adolescent of selected colleges |

| | |3. Structured questionnaire will be obtained to collect the data regarding knowledge of tobacco|

| | |smoking, drug abuse and junk foods. |

| | |4. Likert type of attitude scale will be administered to asses the attitude and practice of |

| | |tobacco, smoking, drug abuse and junk foods. |

| | |5. Duration of data collection is 4 weeks. |

| |METHODS OF DATA ANALYSIS AND PRESENTATION |1. Descriptive and Inferential statistics will be used. |

| | |2. Mean, median and mode will be used to explain demographic variables. |

| | |

| |DOES THE STUDY REQUIRE ANY INVESTIGATION OR INTERVENTION TO BE CONDUCTED ON PATIENTS OR OTHER HUMANS OR ANIMALS? IF SO, PLEASE DESCRIBE BRIEFLY. |

| | |

| |No. The study requires to analyses the knowledge, attitude and practice of the adolescent boys regarding hazards of tobacco smoking, drug abuse and |

| |junk foods at selected colleges in Bangalore. |

| | |

| | |

| | |

| | |

| |HAS ETHICAL CLEARENSE BEEN OBTAINED FROM YOUR INSTITUTION IN CASE OF 7.3? |

| | |

| |Ethical clearance will be obtained from the research committee of K.T.G. College of nursing. |

| |Permission will be obtained from the selected colleges authority of Bangalore |

| |Consent will be obtained from the adolescent boys who are willing to participate in the study. |

| | |

| | |

| | |

| | |

| |LIST OF REFFERENCES; |

| | |

| |1. World Health Organization, The Health Of Young A Challenge And a promise 1993 |

| |2. World Health Adolescence, The Crucial Years Geneva W.H.O 1976 |

| |3. Macauleg AP And Salter C.”Meeting The Needs Of Young Adolescents, Population Reports, |

| |1995 Baltimare, USA; Johns Hopkins School Of Hygiene And Public Health. |

| |Miller- Keane”Encyclopedia and Dictionary of Medicine, Nursing, Allited Health; 7th Edition; Saunders Publications Page -39. |

| |Dorthy R. Marlow; Barbara A Redding “Text Book of Pediatric Nursing; 6th Edition; WB Saunder Company; Page-1116. |

| |Bala Murugan; Tobacco Free Youth; Nightingale Nursing Times; May-2008 Volume-4 Issue-2; Page 26-27 |

| |Lyme M.Buchan “An Exploratory Study of Multi Component Treatment Intervention For Tobacco Dependency“Journal Of Nursing Scholarship Nov-2004, |

| |Volume-3, Number-4, Page-324-330. |

| |D.Mohan.H.S.Sethi, E.Tongue; Drug Abuse in India; 1st Edition; Medical Publishers New Delhi 1985. |

| |Jorge Pamplona; “Fast foods Fast Disease” Herald of Health; Nov -2006, Page 7-8. |

| |Narayana Rao; Smoking is Injurious to Health Environment and People; Jan-2008, Page -25. |

| |J.Melgosa,”Advancing Through Adolescents;”Herald of Health; May-2002, Page 5-8. |

| |Dr Louis Emanuel”Parents, Your Smoking is Killing Your Child”; Health Action, April-1988, Page 24-25. |

| |A.P.Ghosal; Smoking Habits and Respiratory Symptoms; observation Among College Students and Professionals;”Journal of The Indian Medical Association |

| |March-1996”, Page 55-57. |

| |Mickley Ask M.D& Jorge Pamplona” How To Beat Your Addictions, Fast Food Disease and Coping With Addiction;”Heralds of Health; May-2008, Page 4-15. |

| |M.S Lakesh Wind Karu; “Prevalence of Obesity Among Adolescents ;Nightingale Nursing Times ;Feb-2008 Volume 3,Issue”,Page 58-60. |

|9 |NAME & SIGNATURE OF THE CANDIDATE |MS.KONDAPATI.VIJAYADURGA |

|10 |REMARKS OF THE GUIDE |The study is suitable & feasible |

|11 |NAME AND DESIGNATION | |

|11.1 |GUIDE |MRS.A.CHANDRAKALA, |

| | |HOD, |

| | |K.T.G. COLLEGE OF NURSING |

| | |SREEGANDHADAKAVALU, BANGALORE. |

|11.2 |SIGNATURE | |

|11.3 |CO-GUIDE | |

|11.4 |SIGNATURE | |

|11.5 |HEAD OF THE DEPARTMENT |MRS.A.CHANDRAKALA |

| | |K.T.G. COLLEGE OF NURSING |

| | |SREEGANDHADAKAVALU,BANGALORE |

|11.6 |SIGNATURE | |

| | | |

|12 |REMARKS OF THE PRINCIPAL |The study is suitable & feasible |

| | | |

|12.1 |NAME & SIGNATURE OF THE PRINCIPAL |Biju Ramachandran |

| Rajiv Gandhi University of Health Sciences, Karnataka |

|Curriculum Development Cell |

|CONFIRMATION FOR REGISTRATION OF SUBJECTS FOR DISSERTATION |

| |

|Registration No. ; |

|Name of the candidate ;M.s.Kondapati VijayaDurga |

| |

|Address ; K.T.G. College of Nursing |

|; Sreegandhadakavalu, Bangalore |

|Name of the institution ; K.T.G. College of Nursing |

|Sreegandhadakavalu, Bangalore |

|Date of admission to Course ;15/05/2009 |

|Title of the topic ;A study to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice regarding |

|the hazards of tobacco smoking and drug abuse and junk food |

|among adolescent boys in selected colleges of Bangalore |

| |

|Brief Resume of The work ; Attached |

|Signature of the student ; |

|Name of the Guide ; Mrs.A.Chandrakala |

|Signature of the Guide ; |

|Name of the Co- Guide ; |

|Signature of the co-Guide ; |

|Name of the HOD ; Mrs.A.Chandrakala |

|Signature of the HOD ; |

|Name of the principal ;Biju Ramachandran |

|Principal mobile number ; |

|Principal E-mail ID ; |

|Remark of the Principal ; |

|Signature of the Principal ; |

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