Localization .it



“Short-Range Positioning Systems:

Fundamentals and Advanced Research Results with Case Studies”

A Short Course for Doctoral students, University of Bologna,

Engineering Faculty, Viale Risorgimento 2, 5-6 July 2010, AULA 5.6

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|Instructor and affiliation |Prof. Davide Dardari (University of Bologna) |

| |Dr. Andrea Conti (University of Ferrara) |

|Time span |8 hours |

|Final exam |Short essay on agreed topic |

Instructors’ biographical sketch

Davide Dardari received the Laurea degree in Electronic engineering (summa cum laude) and the PhD degree in Electronic Engineering and Computer Science from the University of Bologna, Italy, in 1993 and 1998, respectively.

Since 2005, he has been a Research Affiliate at Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, USA. Now, he is an Associate Professor at the University of Bologna, Italy, where he participates with WiLAB.

Recently, he has focused his activity on UWB systems, ranging/localization techniques, as well as wireless sensor networks.

He is Senior Member of the IEEE where he is the current Vice-Chair for the Radio Communications Committee.

He is co-chair of the ICUWB 2011. He was co-chair of the Wireless Communications Symposium of ICC 2007, and co-chair of ICUWB 2006.

He currently serves as an Editor for IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, Lead Editor for the EURASIP Journal on Advances in Signal Processing (Special Issue on Cooperative Localization in Wireless Ad Hoc and Sensor Networks), Guest Editor for Proceedings of IEEE (Special Issue on UWB Technology & Emerging Applications) and for Physical Communication Journal (ELSEVIER) (Special Issue on Advances in UWB Wireless Communications).

He is co-author of the book “Wireless Sensor and Actuator Networks: enabling technologies, information processing and protocol design”, Elsevier.

Andrea Conti received the Dr.Ing. degree (with honors) in telecommunications engineering and the Ph.D. degree in electronic engineering and computer science in 1997 and 2001, respectively, from the University of Bologna, Italy. From 1999 to 2002, he was with CNIT at the University of Bologna, and from November 2002, he joined the IEIIT-BO/CNR. In July 2005, he joined the University of Ferrara, Italy, where he is currently an Assistant Professor. In the summer of 2001, he joined the Wireless Section of AT&T Research Laboratories, Middletown, NJ, and from February 2003, he visited the Laboratory for Information and Decision Systems (LIDS), Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, where he is appointed as research affiliate. He is research affiliate with WiLAB, IEIIT-BO/CNR, CNIT, and Wireless Communications Group at LIDS, MIT.

His actual research interests are in the area of wireless communications including localization, adaptive transmission and multi-channel reception, coding in faded multiple-input multiple-output channels, wireless sensor networks.

Among others services for IEEE he is currently Editor for IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications and TPC vice-chair for WCNC2009. He is co-author of the book “Wireless Sensor and Actuator Networks: enabling technologies, information processing and protocol design”, Elsevier, 2008.

Course Outline

Motivations and Objectives

This course will introduce the students to short-range radio positioning systems based.

The need for accurate geolocation has intensified in recent years, especially in cluttered environments (inside buildings, in urban canyons, under tree canopies, and in caves), where the Global Positioning System (GPS) is often inaccessible. It is expected that the new market opportunities for real-time localization systems (RTLS) will be 6 billion Dollars in the next 10 years.

In this course the theoretical fundamental limits in ranging and localization based on radio technology, as well as practical schemes, will be explained. The main ranging/positioning sources of errors such as multipath, clock offsets and interference will be illustrated. Some results derived from measured data in real environments will be shown to investigate the effect of system parameters on ranging and localization accuracy. Possible localization algorithms will be discussed and their implementation in a real test bed will be shown as case studies. Finally, some advanced issues such as cooperative localization and cognitive ranging will be addressed.

The course aims to be of benefit for research students in the areas of wireless systems, signal processing, surveillance and also computer science/computer engineering in general.

Learning and assessment modalities

The course will be organised in four slots of two hours each, lecture mode with slide presentations. The course will be taught in either Italian or English at the preference of the convenor. The final assessment consists of a short essay on a topic agreed between the student and the lecturer.

Materials

All materials for the course will be in English. A copy of the slides and references will be provided to the students. The copyright of all materials stays with the copyright holders.

Topics at a glance

The tutorial will cover relevant topics including:

- Positioning basics

- Ranging: theoretical performance limits and sources of error

- Ultra-wide bandwidth technique for accurate ranging

- Practical ranging algorithms

- Localization algorithms

- Case studies with experimental results

Detailed topics/Schedule

Monday 5 July 2010, 10:30-12:30 (Aula 5.6)

Introduction to short-range positioning systems and applications. Recall of estimation theory basics. Ranging techniques: time-based, time difference-of-arrival (TDOA), received signal strength (RSS). Error sources in ranging: multipath channel, interference, excess delay, NLOS propagation. Theoretical performance limits on time-of-arrival (TOA) estimation in AWGN and in the presence of multipath

Monday 5 July 2010, 14:00-16:00 (Aula 5.6)

Introduction to the ultra-wide bandwidth (UWB) technique for accurate ranging. Practical TOA estimators in realistic conditions: the effect of multipath, interference and bandwidth

Thursday 8 July 2010, 9:00-11:00 (Aula 5.7)

Localization algorithms: single-hop vs multi-hop, anchor-based vs anchor-free, cooperative vs non-cooperative localization.

Thursday 8 July 2010, 11:00-13:00 (Aula 5.7)

Target tracking. Case studies and experimental results. Proposal of brief research activity for attendees.

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