Physics acronyms & abbreviations
Physics acronyms & abbreviations
|(1) AC |Alternating Current |an electric current that regularly reverses direction; current |
| | |delivered to homes and businesses |
|(2) CRT |Cathode Ray Tube |emits a stream of electrons from a cathode in a vacuum tube; main |
| | |component in older computer monitors |
|(3) DC |Direct Current |electric current that flows in only one direction; produced by |
| | |batteries and appliance transformers |
|(4) IR |Infra-Red | radiation that is lower energy than red light |
|(5) LASER |Light Amplification by Stimulated |a device that emits a highly focused beam of single wavelength |
| |Emission Radiation |radiation; used in numerous electronics devices (CD, DVD, scanners, |
| | |etc) |
|(6) MASER |Microwave Amplification by Stimulated |a device used in radar and radio astronomy to boost the strength of |
| |Emission Radiation |microwaves |
|(7) Quasar |QUASi-stellAR |a class of celestial objects that resemble stars; deep space objects|
| | |that emit huge amount of energy |
|(8) Rf |Radio Frequency |any frequency between 10kHz and 300 kHz; used for radio and TV |
| | |transmission |
|(9) EM |ElectroMagnetic |created by or relating to electromagnetism |
|(10) UHF |Ultra High Frequency |radio frequency that is higher than VHF |
|(11) UV |UltraViolet |electromagnetic radiation that is more energetic than violet light |
|(12) VHF |Very High Frequency |radio frequency that is higher than the normal broadcast zone |
|(13) WIMP |Weakly Interacting Massive Particle |theorized form of dark matter thought to compose much of the matter |
| | |in the universe |
|(14) parsec |PARallax SECond |a unit of measure for interstellar space equal to the distance of an|
| | |object having a parallax of one second; 326 light-years |
|(15) VOM |Volt-Ohm Milliameter |a mulitmeter used to measure potential (volts), resistance (ohms) |
| | |and other features. |
Chemistry acronyms and abbreviations
|(1) ACS |American Chemical Society |professional society of chemists |
|(2) alnico |ALuminum + NIckel + Cobalt |a powerful permanent-magnet alloy containing iron, nickel, aluminum, and one|
| | |or more of the elements cobalt, copper, and titanium |
|(3) canola |CANada Oil + Low Acid |a type of rapeseed plant that yields a low acid, high nutritional value oil |
|(4) CFC |Chloro-FluoroCarbon |gas contatining carbon, hyudrogen and fluorine; used as a refrigerant; known|
| | |to breakdown ozone |
|(5) CO |Carbon monoxide |gas with a molecule made of one carbon and one oxygen. it is a toxic |
| | |substance in car exhaust and cigarette smoke |
|(6) DDT |DichloroDiphenylTrichloroethane |a chemical used to kill mosquitos that became a major environmental |
| | |pollutant |
|(7) MSDS |Material Safety Data Sheet |a safety information sheet that accompanies chemicals sold in America |
|(8) MTBE |Methyl Tertiary Butyl Ether |a gasoline additive that is supposed to make gas burn cleaner; health |
| | |hazard |
|(9) OSHA |Occupational Safety and Health |a federal organization that oversees health and safety conditions in |
| |Administration |schools, laboratories, and the workplace |
|(10) PVC |PolyVinyl Chloride |a hard vinyl chloride polymer; used in flooring, piping and clothing |
|(11) PPM |Parts Per Milllion |a measure of the concentration of pollutants and other substances in a gas |
| | |or liquid |
|(12) PSI |Pounds per Square Inch |a customary measure of pressure |
|(13) R&D |Research and Development |the process in which industry engages in to produce new products |
|(14) redox |REDuction + Oxidation |a reaction in which one substance is oxidized while another is reduced |
|(15) smog |Smoke + Fog |air pollution resulting from the mixture of smoke an fog; now includes all |
| | |types of air pollution |
Geoscience Acronyms
|(1) EPA |Environmental Protection Agency |federal agency charged with monitoring the environment |
|(2) GEOS |Geodetic and Earth Orbiting Satellite |satellite for making precise measurement of the Earth’s surface |
|(3) GMT |Greenich Mean TimeGMT |name for mean solar time of the longitude (0°) of the former Royal |
| | |Observatory at Greenwich, Eng |
|(4) GPS |Global Positioning System |A system of satellites that transmit signals used to determine one’s |
| | |precise position |
|(5) JPL |Jet Propulsion Laboratory |center for US unmanned space mission; originally a laboratory for |
| | |developing and testing rocket and jet propulsion |
|(6) NGS |National Geodetic Survey |survey to determine and publish latitude, longitude, elevation and |
| | |gravity data |
|(7) NOAA |National Oceanic and Atmospheric |organization to provide details on weather, oceans, satellites, |
| |Administration |fisheries, climate, navigation, and coasts |
|(8) NRAO |National Radio Astronomy Observatory |NRAO operates powerful, advanced radio telescopes spanning the |
| | |western hemisphere |
|(9) NSF |National Science Foundation |US agency to support basic research and education in sciences, |
| | |mathematics and engineering |
|(10) NWS |National Weather Service |US agency for predicting and reporting weather conditions throughout |
| | |the United States |
|(11) Radar |Radar RAdio Detection And Ranging |locating and tracking objects by transmitting electromagnetic energy |
| | |and observing the echoes |
|(12) Scuba |Self-Contained Underwater Breathing |an apparatus with a portable air supply used for breathing while |
| |Apparatus |swimming underwater |
|(13) Sonar |SOund Navigation And Ranging |Technology for locating objects by means of reflected sound waves |
|(14) USGS |United States Geological Survey |Federal agency for gathering and sharing information about the |
| | |Earth’s resources, natural hazards, and environment |
|(15) UTC |Universal Time Coordinated |International basis of civil and scientific time, implemented in 1964|
Biology Acronyms and Abbreviations
|(1) AIDS |Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome |a disease of the immune system caused by infection with the |
| | |retrovirus HIV |
|(2) BAL |Blood alcohol level |the amount of alcohol in your blood stream recorded as milligrams of|
| | |alcohol per 100 milliliters of blood |
|(3) CDC |Center for Disease Control |federal agency for protecting the health and safer of individuals, |
| | |providing information to assist making health decisions |
|(4) CPR |CardioPulmonary Resuscitation |emergency procedure designed to restore normal breathing and |
| | |circulation after such traumas as cardiac arrest and drowning |
|(5) CVA |Cerebro Vascular Accident | impairment of brain function due to substantial reduction in blood |
| | |flow or bleeding in the brain |
|(6) ECG |ElectroCardioGram |trace of the electric current generated by the hearth muscle; also |
| | |known as ekg |
|(7) GI |GastroIntestinal |pertaining to digestive tract, particularly the stomach and |
| | |intestines |
|(8) LD50 |Lethal Dose (50%) |the dosage of a substance at which 50% of the test animals die; |
| | |measure of toxicity |
|(9) LDL |Low Density Lipoprotein |“bad” cholesterol that can slowly build on walls of arteries |
| | |contributing to atherosclerosis |
|(10) MRI |Magnetic Resonance Imaging |imaging technique used to produce images of the inside of the body |
| | |based upon the resonance of electrons in hydrogen atoms |
|(11) PCR |Polymerase Chain Reaction |technique used to make numerous copies of a specific segment of DNA |
| | |quickly and accurately |
|(12) RBC |Red Blood Cell |oxygen-carrying cell in the blood stream; erythrocyte |
|(13) REM |Rapid Eye Movement |a stage of sleep characterized by rapid movement of the eyes |
|(14) RNA |RiboNucleic Acid |a nucleic acid containing ribose and essential for the manufacture |
| | |of proteins |
|(15) TB |TuBerculosis |infectious disease caused by several species of tubercle bacillus |
| | |bacteria |
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