Regents Chemistry



Regents Chemistry Dr. Kramer

Chapter 2 ________________________

MATTER

Types of properties:

What is a physical change?

Examples:

What is a chemical change?

Examples:

Demo (swoosh bottle):

Observations:

Physical or chemical change?

Chemical Reactions

What can a chemical change produce?

We will focus on __________.

What are the two possibilities for ________ in a chemical reaction?

1.

2.

We can actually express this mathematically using a variable known as ___, which we will come back to later in the course.

Forms of Matter

Phases of Matter

1.

2.

3.

More on these phases later on in the course.

Let’s talk about the different ways in which matter exists in our world.

How do we differentiate between the following terms: mixture, substance, element, compound?

Mixtures

Definition:

Substance:

Heterogeneous Mixture:

Examples:

Homogeneous Mixture:

Examples:

Separating Mixtures

Filtration:

Examples:

Distillation:

Distillation of salt water:

[pic]

Elements and Compounds

Define element:

Examples:

Define compound:

What is meant by fixed proportion?

Examples of compounds:

Breaking Down Compounds

Must use _____________ change. ______________ changes will not break down a compound.

Example: Sugar

Sugar → Carbon + Water

Water → Hydrogen + Oxygen

Law of Conservation of Mass:

Exception:

Properties of Compounds:

Are they different than the properties of the elements that make them up?

Sodium chloride

Substance or Mixture?

Whole milk Olive Oil

Water Orange juice

Iron Stainless steel

Dry ice Salt

Symbols and Formulas

Alchemy Symbols Dalton’s Symbols

[pic]

Now, we use one and two-letter symbols for all elements. Here is the periodic table. Some elements are single letter. Others are two letters (second letter is lowercase). Look at the periodic table in your reference tables and find these elements.

H C O F

Na K Fe Cu

Ca Mg P S

N He Ne Ni

Will I have to memorize these?!?!?!

Chemical Formulas:

Subscripts are used to show how many atoms of each element exist in the compound.

Examples:

Water Carbon Dioxide

___ hydrogens and ___ oxygen

CONCEPT MAP

Place the following terms in a flow chart, illustrating which is the parent term, and which terms are subsets of the others:

Mixture Compound Heterogeneous Matter Substance

Element Homogeneous

CHEMICAL BINGO

Questions:

1. Zinc’s chemical symbol

2. Oxygen’s chemical symbol

3. N

4. dissolving salt in water

5. Sodium’s chemical symbol

6. 1 + 1

7. sugar ( caramel

8. mixture

9. Water’s chemical formula

10. CO2

11. element

12. compound

13. NaCl

14. physical change

15. distillation

Answers:

1. A means of separating substances by boiling

2. substance which contains two or more elements combined in definite proportions

3. physical change

4. The simplest form of matter with its own set of properties

5. nitrogen

6. Na

7. 2

8. Zn

9. chemical change

10. O

11. Two or more substances combined

12. H2O

13. carbon dioxide

14. salt

15. An operation performed on a substance which does not alter its composition (grinding, melting, etc.)

................
................

In order to avoid copyright disputes, this page is only a partial summary.

Google Online Preview   Download