Eighth Edition Elementary Statistics - Dr. Delisa Dismukes
[Pages:23]Eighth Edition Elementary Statistics
A Step by Step Approach
Bluman Mc Graw Hill
A step by step Eleventh Edition
Series
Bluman, Chapter 1, 07/2011
1
Chapter 1
The Nature of Probability and Statistics
Introduction
Statistics is the science of conducting studies to collect, organize, summarize, analyze, and draw conclusions from data.
Bluman, Chapter 1, 07/2011
3
1-1 Descriptive and Inferential Statistics
A variable is a characteristic or attribute that can assume different values.
Variables whose values are determined by chance are called random variables.
The values that a variable can assume are called data.
A population consists of all subjects (human or otherwise) that are studied.
A sample is a subset of the population.
Bluman, Chapter 1, 07/2011
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E.g. A data set in table form (columns and rows):
id
gender
age
1
male
20
2
male
25
3
female
30
4
male
23
5
female
30
Bluman, Chapter 1, 07/2011
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Population and Sample
Population
Use parameters to summarize features
Sample
Use statistics to summarize features
Inference on the population from the sample
Bluman, Chapter 1, 07/2011
6
Census versus Sample
Census
Collection of data from every member of a population
Sample
Subcollection of members selected from a population
Bluman, Chapter 1, 07/2011
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1-1 Descriptive and Inferential Statistics
Descriptive statistics consists of the collection, organization, summarization, and presentation of data.
Inferential statistics consists of generalizing from samples to populations, performing estimations and hypothesis tests, determining relationships among variables, and making predictions.
Bluman, Chapter 1, 07/2011
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