Elementary Statistics: Picturing the World, 4th Edition ©2009
[Pages:6]Grades 9-12
Prentice Hall
Elementary Statistics: Picturing the World, 4th Edition ? 2009
CORRELATED TO
Advanced Placement (AP) Statistics Standards Grades 9-12
Prentice Hall Elementary Statistics: Picturing the World, 4th Edition ? 2009 (Larson/Farber) Correlated to:
Advanced Placement (AP) Statistics Standards (Grades 9-12)
ADVANCED PLACEMENT (AP) STATISTICS STANDARDS
PAGE (S) WHERE TAUGHT (If submission is not a text, cite
appropriate resource(s))
Following is an outline of the major topics covered by the AP Statistics Examination. The ordering here is intended to define the scope of the course but not necessarily the sequence.
I. Exploring Data: Describing Patterns and departures from patterns (20%-30%)
Exploratory analysis of data makes use of graphical and numerical techniques to study patterns and departures from patterns. Emphasis should be placed on interpreting information from graphical and numerical displays and summaries.
A. Constructing and interpreting graphical displays of distributions of univariate data (dotplot, stemplot, histogram, cumulative frequency plot)
1. Center and spread 2. Clusters and gaps 3. Outliers and other unusual features
SE/TE: 40-41, 82, 104-105 SE/TE: 22-23, 55-56, 70, 73, 645-649 SE/TE: 70, 104-105
4. Shape B. Summarizing distributions of univariate data
1. Measuring center: median, mean
2. Measuring spread: range, interquartile range, standard deviation
SE/TE: 40, 73, 88-89
SE/TE: 67-68, 71-72, 81, 88-89 SE/TE: 40-41, 62-85, 104-105, 199, 214
3. Measuring position: quartiles, percentiles, standardized scores (z-scores)
SE/TE: 102-104, 106-108, A2-A4
4. Using boxplots
5. The effect of changing units on summary measures
SE/TE: 104-105 SE/TE: 71-72
C. Comparing distributions of univariate data (dotplots, back-to-back stemplots, parallel boxplots)
1. Comparing center and spread: within SE/TE: 40-41, 82, 104-105, 525-526 group, between group variation
2. Comparing clusters and gaps 3. Comparing outliers and other unusual features
4. Comparing shapes
D. Exploring bivariate data 1. Analyzing patterns in scatterplots 2. Correlation and linearity 3. Least-squares regression line 4. Residual plots, outliers, and influential
points
SE/TE: 22-23, 55-56, 70, 73 SE/TE: 70, 104-105
SE/TE: 40, 73, 88
SE/TE: 60, 496-499 SE/TE: 496-499, 513-516 SE/TE: 513, 521 SE/TE: 70, 513, 521
5. Transformations to achieve linearity: logarithmic and power transformations
SE/TE: 205, 522
E. Exploring categorical data: frequency tables 1. Frequency tables and bar charts 2. Marginal and joint frequencies for
two-way tables
SE/TE: 40-42, 44-48 SE/TE: 565-566, 568-571
1 SE = Student Edition TE = Teacher's Edition
Prentice Hall Elementary Statistics: Picturing the World, 4th Edition ? 2009 (Larson/Farber) Correlated to:
Advanced Placement (AP) Statistics Standards (Grades 9-12)
ADVANCED PLACEMENT (AP) STATISTICS STANDARDS
PAGE (S) WHERE TAUGHT (If submission is not a text, cite
appropriate resource(s))
3. Conditional relative frequencies and association
SE/TE: 40-44, 46-48, 72-73, 577
4. Comparing distributions using bar charts
SE/TE: 44-46, 59, 73, 89
II. Planning a Study: Deciding what and how to measure
Data must be collected according to a well-developed plan if valid information on a conjecture is to be obtained. This plan includes clarifying the question and deciding upon a method of data collection and analysis.
A. Overview of methods of data collection
1. Census 2. Sample survey 3. Experiment 4. Observational study B. Planning and conducting surveys 1. Characteristics of a well-designed and well-conducted survey
SE/TE: 5, 22 SE/TE: 21-24 SE/TE: 18-20, 206-207, 219 SE/TE: 18, 21-24
SE/TE: 20-23, 29, 206, 219
2. Populations, samples, and random selection
SE/TE: 18, 21-23, 28
3. Sources of bias in sampling and surveys
SE/TE: 18, 20, 22, 29
4. Sampling methods, including simple random sampling, stratified random sampling, and cluster sampling
C. Planning and conducting experiments
1. Characteristics of a well-designed and well-conducted experiment
SE/TE: 21-24, 302, 438-439 SE/TE: 20-23, 28, 206, 219
2. Treatments, control groups, experimental units, random assignments, and replication
3. Sources of bias and confounding, including placebo effect and blinding
SE/TE: 18, 21-24, 260, 302 SE/TE: 18, 20, 22
4. Completely randomized design
5. Randomized block design, including matched pairs design
SE/TE: 21-24, 28, 302 SE/TE: 20-24, 28, 438
D. Generalizability of results and types of conclusions that can be drawn from observational studies, experiments, and surveys
SE/TE: 21-24, 28, 379-381, 424
2 SE = Student Edition TE = Teacher's Edition
Prentice Hall Elementary Statistics: Picturing the World, 4th Edition ? 2009 (Larson/Farber) Correlated to:
Advanced Placement (AP) Statistics Standards (Grades 9-12)
ADVANCED PLACEMENT (AP) STATISTICS STANDARDS
PAGE (S) WHERE TAUGHT (If submission is not a text, cite
appropriate resource(s))
III. Anticipating Patterns: Exploring random phenomena using probability and simulation (20%30%) Probability is the tool used for anticipating what the distribution of data should look like under a given model.
A. Probability
1. Interpreting probability, including long-run relative frequency interpretation
SE/TE: 42, 46, 138-139, 196-197, 577
2. "Law of large numbers" concept 3. Addition rule, multiplication rule, conditional probability, and independence
4. Discrete random variables and their probability distributions, including binomial and geometric
5. Simulation of random behavior and probability distributions
SE/TE: 138 SE/TE: 149-153, 161-163
SE/TE: 194-197, 209-212, 222, 229
SE/TE: 19-20, 22-24, 28, 206-210, 645649
6. Mean (expected value) and standard deviation of a random variable, and linear transformation of a random variable
SE/TE: 199-200, 205, 522
B. Combining independent random variables
1. Notion of independence versus dependence
SE/TE: 205, 438, 567-568
2. Mean and standard deviation for sums SE/TE: 438-439, 452-453, 462-463 and differences of independent random variables
C. The normal distribution 1. Properties of the normal distribution
SE/TE: 240-242, A2
2. Using tables of the normal distribution SE/TE: 244, A1, A3
3. The normal distribution as a model for SE/TE: 240-245, 253-255, 261-265 measurements
D. Sampling distributions
1. Sampling distribution of a sample proportion
SE/TE: 283
2. Sampling distribution of a sample mean
SE/TE: 270-271, 284
3. Central Limit Theorem
SE/TE: 272-275
3 SE = Student Edition TE = Teacher's Edition
Prentice Hall Elementary Statistics: Picturing the World, 4th Edition ? 2009 (Larson/Farber) Correlated to:
Advanced Placement (AP) Statistics Standards (Grades 9-12)
ADVANCED PLACEMENT (AP) STATISTICS STANDARDS
4. Sampling distribution of a difference between two independent sample proportions
PAGE (S) WHERE TAUGHT (If submission is not a text, cite
appropriate resource(s))
SE/TE: 471-474
5. Sampling distribution of a difference between two independent sample means
SE/TE: 440-442, 461-463
6. Simulation of sampling distributions SE/TE: 206, 302, 461-465
7. t-distribution
SE/TE: 325-329, 397-398
8. Chi-square distribution
SE/TE: 344-345
IV. Statistical Inference: Estimating population parameters and testing hypotheses (30%-40%)
Statistical inference guides the selection of appropriate models.
A. Estimation (point estimators and confidence intervals)
1. Estimating population parameters and SE/TE: 6, 310-312, 338, 502-503 margins of error
2. Properties of point estimators, including unbiasedness and variability
SE/TE: 310, 334-335, 344
3. Logic of confidence intervals, meaning SE/TE: 310-312, 327-328, 335-336, 343, of confidence level and confidence intervals, 346-347, 450, 459-460, 478-479 and properties of confidence intervals
4. Large sample confidence interval for a SE/TE: 335-338 proportion
5. Large sample confidence interval for a SE/TE: 472-474, 478 difference between two proportions
6. Confidence interval for a mean
7. Confidence interval for a difference between two means (unpaired and paired)
SE/TE: 313-315, 325-327 SE/TE: 450, 452-453, 462-464, 470
8. Confidence interval for the slope of a least-squares regression line
B. Tests of significance 1. Logic of significance testing, null and
alternative hypotheses; p-values; one- and two-sided tests; concepts of Type I and Type II errors; concept of power
2. Large sample test for a proportion
SE/TE: 535
SE/TE: 365-367, 369-370, 372-373, 379381, 440-441, 502
SE/TE: 334-338, 343, 407-410, 413
3. Large sample test for a difference between two proportions
4. Test for a mean
SE/TE: 471-474
SE/TE: 313-314, 325-326, 379-381, 397400, 402
4 SE = Student Edition TE = Teacher's Edition
Prentice Hall Elementary Statistics: Picturing the World, 4th Edition ? 2009 (Larson/Farber) Correlated to:
Advanced Placement (AP) Statistics Standards (Grades 9-12)
ADVANCED PLACEMENT (AP) STATISTICS STANDARDS
5. Test for a difference between two means (unpaired and paired)
6. Chi-square test for goodness of fit, homogeneity of proportions, and independence (one- and two-way tables)
7. Test for the slope of a least-squares regression line
PAGE (S) WHERE TAUGHT (If submission is not a text, cite
appropriate resource(s))
SE/TE: 438-440, 452-455, 461-463
SE/TE: 552-554, 567-568, 575
SE/TE: 513-515, 535
5 SE = Student Edition TE = Teacher's Edition
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