STORY ELEMENT WORKSHEET
Name: _______________________________ Period: ______ Date: _________________
SHORT STORY NOTES
Title: “The Sniper” Author: Liam O’Flaherty Narrator/POV: 3rd Person
|Character |CHARACTERIZATION |
| |Character Traits |
| |Prove it! |
| |Cite page #, give examples and quotes. |
|Irish Republican |Before the kill: |
|Sniper |He is a young soldier who is “used to looking at death.” = Not innocent |
|(wanted independence |“face of a student” (164) = young |
|from England) |“his eyes had the cold gleam of the fanatic” (164) = intensely focused on the task of killing the enemy sniper |
| |Smart/Clever: = He tricked the other sniper in order to kill him and succeeded (pretended to be dead.) |
|PROTAGONIST | |
| |After the kill: |
| |“The lust of battle died in him. He became bitten with remorse” (166). = Remorseful |
| |Remorse – regret; sorrow (He is a human being dealing with his actions (killing). |
|Irish Free Stater | |
|Sniper (wanted Ireland| |
|to govern itself but | |
|still remain a part of| |
|the British Empire) | |
| | |
|ANTAGONIST | |
|SETTING |
|Time & Place: |
|Dublin, Ireland – During the civil war that erupted in 1922-1923 |
| |
|What is the significance of the setting? |
|The setting is integral (important) because the civil war creates the external conflict of man vs. man (sniper vs. sniper). |
|The setting of darkness at the beginning of the story limits vision and adds to the suspenseful, ominous (threatening) mood. |
|“Dublin lay enveloped in darkness, but for the dim light of the moon” (163) |
|Dominant Mood: |
|(Provide evidence from the text.) |
| |
|Suspenseful |
|We don’t know if the sniper is going to kill or be killed. |
| |
|Ominous (threatening) |
|“Dublin lay enveloped in darkness” (163). |
|The darkness contributes to the feeling that something bad is going to happen. |
| |
|Dark & Dangerous: |
|“Dublin lay enveloped in darkness” (163). |
|“Guns roared” (163) |
|“Enemies watching” (164) |
|PLOT |
|Sequence of Events: List the main events in the story. |
|Driving Conflict: |
|1st Conflict is External (man vs. man)- Irish Republican (protagonist) vs. Irish Free Stater (antagonist) |
|Conflict shifts |
| |
|2nd Conflict is man vs. self – The protagonist is internally wrestling with the fact that he just killed another being |
|“The lust of battle died in him. He became bitten with remorse” (166). |
|What is the Climax of the story? |
|The Protagonist kills his enemy. The suspense ends at this point. |
|What is the Resolution of the story? There is no resolution to the protagonist’s internal conflict. He has killed his “brother.” He is remorseful. |
|Literary |Prove it! |
|Technique |Cite page #, give examples and quotes. |
|Suspense |It is near dawn: the protagonist sniper must kill the other sniper before morning. |
| |He is shot at when he lights a cigarette. |
| |An armored car stops on the street, and an old woman points to the roof where he is located. |
| |A shot from the opposite roof hits his arm, and he can no longer use his rifle. |
| |He devises a risky plan to trick the other sniper into believing he is dead. |
| |***Use of descriptive imagery and quick, short sentences add to the suspense. |
|Situational Irony |The unexpected twist of the protagonist sniper realizing he has killed his “brother.” |
| |Ambiguous (unclear) - We do not know if the enemy is literally a blood brother or if he is simply a country man/fellow human |
| |being. |
| |*EMPHASIZES THE EVILS OF WAR. |
|Imagery (Figurative |Personification – “the dull panting of the motor” (164) |
|Language) |Metaphor – “His bullets would never pierce the steel that covered the grey monster.” (164) |
| |Hyperbole – “The sniper thought the noise would wake the dead.” (164) |
|TONE & THEME |
|Tone: Disdainful (disgust/dislike) for war |
| |
|Theme: |
|In a war, nobody wins. |
|Explanation: Even though our protagonist won the battle, he lost because now he must wrestle with the idea of killing |
|another human being. |
|War is evil. |
|An institution such as war causes people to senselessly kill their fellow humans. |
|Vocabulary Word: Envelope |Definition: Cover |
|Vocabulary Word: Remorse |Definition: Bitter Regret |
|Vocabulary Word: Ambiguous |Definition: Unclear |
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