Psychology 201 - Internet



Psychology 201 - Internet

Module 4

Chapters 12 – 14

Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.(2 pts each)

1. _______________ refers to the scientific study of mental, emotional, and behavioral disorders and of the disorders, themselves.

a. psychotic intrusion

b. physiology

c. psychopathology

d. neurology

2. A person with their Ph.D. might be considered abnormal if one was using the measure of ______________.

a. personal discomfort

b. subjective discomfort

c. statistical abnormality

d. social rarity

3. In the United States, psychologists use the _______ to classify and identify mental disorders.

a. MDIS Manual

b. WAIS

c. MMPI - 2

d. DSM-IV-TR

4. ________________ occur when there are physical symptoms in the absence of any identifiable physical causes.

a. Stress related disorders

b. Somatoform disorders

c. Dissociative disorders

d. Personality disorders

5. Temporary psychological amnesia, fugue and multiple personality are classified as_________ disorders.

a. dissociative

b. anxiety

c. psychotic

d. somatoform

6. Larry has been suffering from a mild depression for the last 3 years. Larry would probably be diagnosed with

a. major depressive disorder.

b. bipolar disorder.

c. cyclothymic disorder.

d. dysthymic disorder.

7. Donn is experiencing a significant impairment in psychological functioning. We would say Donn is suffering from a ________________ disorder.

a. physiological

b. mental

c. chronic

d. psychological

8. ___________ is any psychological technique used to facilitate positive changes in a person's personality, behavior, or adjustment.

a. Pharmacotherapy

b. Directive therapy

c. Psychotherapy

d. Positive therapy

9. ________therapy involves only one client and one therapist.

a. Action

b. Group

c. Non-directive

d. Individual

10. Trepanning involves

a. the use of electric shock in order to induce a convulsion within the patient’s brain.

b. rewarding close approximations of a desired behavior.

c. the use of psychiatric medications to treat mental illnesses.

d. boring a hole in a person's head to "release evil spirits" or relieve pressure.

11. __________ developed the first known formal psychotherapy approximately 110 years ago.

a. Wündt

b. Pinel

c. Rogers

d. Freud

12. Albert Ellis utilized an approach known as _______________ to change irrational beliefs that cause emotional problems.

a. rational-emotive behavior therapy

b. behavior therapy

c. aversion therapy

d. transference

13. ________________refers to any use of classical or operant conditioning to directly alter human behavior.

a. Behavior modification

b. Action oriented therapy

c. Person-centered planning

d. Stimulus generalization

14. When an alcoholic takes a medication which results in their getting nauseous following the ingestion of alcohol, they are experiencing a(n) _________________ therapy .

a. physiological

b. cognitive

c. aversion

d. reality

15. Zimbardo's experiment that simulated a "prisoner-guard" relationship illustrated

a. that more prisons are needed in this country.

b. empathic helping behaviors.

c. the powerful effect of social roles.

d. the effects of ethnocentric behaviors.

16. Stanley Milgram's experiments, in which a subject gave varying degrees of shocks to a "learner," demonstrated the effects of the situation on the subject’s __________________.

a. obedience

b. understanding

c. stress levels.

d. acceptance.

17. The deliberate attempt to change attitudes or beliefs with information and arguments is called

a. social manipulation.

b. social influence.

c. compliance.

d. persuasion.

18. Which of the following are involved in interpersonal attraction?

a. physical proximity

b. similarity

c. physical attractiveness

d. all of the above

19. Devon considers himself a big Detroit Lions fan and identifies with other Lions fans. He also despises the Chicago Bears and cannot understand why anyone would want to be a fan of that team. For Devon, other Detroit Lions fans would be considered a(n) ______________, while Chicago Bears fans would be a(n) __________________.

a. out-group, in-group

b. social support, social threat

c. benefit, detriment

d. in-group, out-group

20. Beliefs that imply people get what they deserve are known as _________________ beliefs.

a. self-fulfilling

b. discriminating

c. just-deserts

d. just-world

Identify with a T or F, whether each of the following statements are True or False (2 pts each).

21. A phobia is an intense, irrational fear.

22. Intrusive thoughts or images, occurring against one’s will are referred to as compulsions.

23. Research on the effectiveness of psychotherapy suggests that all individuals will receive at least minor relief from this treatment.

24. A Community Mental Health (CMH) Center is a treatment option typically serving private insurances or the “well – to – do”.

25. Groupthink is an urge by decision makers to maintain each other’s approval, even at the cost of critical thinking

Short Answer (5 pts each)

1. Identify the type of disorder which alternates between the two extremes of mood. In addition, identify and describe these two extremes.

2. Define psychosis along with an explanation of the two key elements involved in psychosis (include an example of each).

3. Define Social Psychology and its “great lesson”. How is the Fundamental Attribution Error an example of this?

4. Identify one example from your life where the power of the situation changed your behavior or the behavior of someone you were observing. What social psychological concept comes closest to explaining this behavior?

5. A friend complains to you that psychologists are allowing two many criminals to be set free by diagnosing them as insane. How would you reply and what reasoning would you use? (hint: consider the nature of “insanity”).

6. List and describe at least three aspects of positive mental health.

7. Define and describe what is meant by ECT. Do you think this is a beneficial or detrimental treatment? Explain.

8. Explain the foot-in-the-door phenomenon and how you might use this to sell a car.

9. Define and explain the difference between discrimination and prejudice (use examples).

10. Describe the Fundamental Attribution Error. Identify one culture where we would be more likely to find this error occurring, and one where we might find it less. Why do you think this is the case?

Related readings (INFOtrac) and web sites:

American Psychological Association



American Psychological Society



Anatomy of the Eye



Otolaryngology



Parapsychology Links



Society for Psychical Research



Visual Illusions



Lipkin, R. (1995). Additional genes may affect color vision. Science News, v. 147 (n. 7), pp. 100- 101.

Pantev, C., Hoke, M., Lutkenhoner, B., & Lehnertz, K. (1989). Tonotopic organization of the auditory cortex: pitch versus frequency representation. Science, v. 246 (n. 4929), pp. 486-488.

Sheehan, W. (2001). The moon illusion. Mercury, v. 30 (i.1), p.12

American Psychological Association



American Psychological Society



LSD



National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism



Psychoactive Substances and Violence



SIDS



Sleep Disorders - REM Behavior Disorders



Smoking and Cancer



The Worldwide Online Meditation Center



Epstein, J.A., Griffin, K.W., & Botvin, G.J. (2004). Efficacy, self-derogation, and alcohol use among inner-city adolescents: gender matters. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, v. 33 (i.12), pp. 159-166.

Franco, P., Lipshutz, W., Valente, F., Adams, S., Scaillet, S., & Kahn, A. (2002). Decreased arousals in infants who sleep with the face covered by bedclothes. Pediatrics, v. 109 (i.6), pp. 1112-1117.

Stein, M.T., & Ferber, R. (2001). Recent onset of sleepwalking in early adolescence. Journal of Developmental & Behavioral Pediatrics, v. 22 (i.2), S33.

Albert Bandura



American Psychological Association



American Psychological Society



Classical Conditioning



Observational Learning



Operant Conditioning and Behaviorism



B.F. Skinner





Bushman, B.J. (1998). Priming effects of media violence on the accessibility of aggressive constructs in memory. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, v. 24(n. 5), pp. 537-545.

Kim, J.J., & Fanselow, M.S. (1992). Modality-specific retrograde amnesia of fear. Science, v. 256 (n. 5057), pp. 675-677.

Vessey, J.A., & Lee, J.E. (2000). Violent video games affecting our children. Pediatric Nursing, v 26(n.6), p. 607

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