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History Higher Level – Adam WestPicturesPicture A Trowel.The tomb lasted a long time it is still here to this day, this shows us that they were skilled craftsmen. 1. Carbon Dating 2. ?Picture B Public execution via Guillotine. Her head was displayed in the crowd to show that the monarchy has fallen and that there is hope for a rightful future so that everyone is treated properly. She was executed because she was apart of the royal family during the French revolution, people attacked her because she was of wealth and power. The people wanted to dismantle to monarchy. ( c ) Indian maize corn (Peels brimstone). There is a man attacking a woman in front of the shop trying to buy the corn, also there is a huge crowd there waiting for the food.1. The subdivision of land: Land was divided amongst sons of farmers the plot of land got smaller and smaller down through generations. 2. The potato Blight: A fungal disease that infected the potatoes making them inedible. Documents Document 1 Sofonsiba Anguissola was born in Italy. The Lord Duke of Alba. It says “Where he keeps her with a rich allowance about the person of the Queen” This line shows that King Philip treats her with respect. 1. Vasari decided to place Sofonsiba’s drawings in his book because she was kind to him this is explained when it says “Which she has placed in front of him, is biting his finger; and there is nothing more graceful to been seen than that drawing, or more true to nature.” 2. Vasari decided to place Sofonsiba drawings in his book because he admired her this is explained to the reader when it says “Wherefore, in memory of the talent of Sofonsiba”. 1. Verrocchio and Pope Julius the second. Document 2 The government has entered negotiations with the enemy because they are “Alleging the defeat of our enemies”.The French were forced to retreat because of the Germany superiority in warfare. The Germans were too much for them they could not hold them off, the Germans used a tactics called Blitzkrieg (Lighting warfare). The German military strategy describe in paragraph 3 is Blitzkrieg (Lighting warfare). This tactic was when the planes/bombers were sent in first to destroy bases, then the tanks were sent in to destroy even more buildings and places of refuge. Finally the soldiers were sent in to battle.1. Gaulle believes this because France has the support of the British who has an Empire, spanning across the globe. 2. Gaulle believes this because France can get supplies from the United States of America. The Nazi Party.Short-Answer Questions Explanation: Something being studied from the time period that was from said time period. Example: A notebook Old maps and Visible Ruins help to find a location. A court cairn was an ancient burial site. The curfew was when all houses had to extinguish all lights in their house past a certain time of day. This was to prevent fires from happening. 1. Thick walls 2. Round arches 1. William Harvey discovered that the heart pumped blood around the body. 2. Fernand Magallanes voyage proved that the earth was round.1. There were abuses in the catholic church, such as simony, nepotism, pluralism and absenteeism. 2. The selling of indulgences and also priests were uneducated. The society of Jesuits. 1. It gave France hope so that they might become a democracy without a monarch. 2. It gave France spirt that if there were good at attacking the British, why stop there? So it gave them spirt to colonise parts of the word such as the Northern part of Africa.County Cork (The Real Capital & the home of the rebels) 1. Britain had a lot of natural resources such as coal and iron ore. 2. Britain had a lot of people willing to work. ? (Never heard of him) Coffin ships was the nick of ships that had people emigrating from Ireland to other parts of the work such as England, Wales, Scotland and America. The solemn league and convent. The night of the long knives was when 90 Jews were killed and synagogues were attacked and burned down. They wanted to earn money so that they could come home and feed their families. Winston Churchill 1. Ireland was a newly formed country and was very poor and did not want to take part in war in case the economy collapsed. 2. Ireland would not fight on the side of the allies as Britain occupied the six northern counties in Ireland. The mother and child scheme. It was rejected by the catholic church. The scheme planned to look after pregnant women and children up to the age of sixteen.1. Leo Varadkar 2. Enda Kenney People in history (ii) My name is brother Michael I work in Glendalough, when I first came here I was a novice. I had to swear to a life of Chasity and poverty. I have to wear a brown habit. I am completely devoted to god. The head of the Monastery is the abbot he Is in control. I wake up at dawn. We have a large wall around our monastery to protect in from Vikings invading us. We also have a large round tower that is only accessible via a tall ladder, In the tower we store our valuable such as gold and silver challises which are made by skilled monks. We also hide in there in case we are attacked. We sleep in beehive huts which are made of stone. My duties are farming and praying. A few of my fellow monks have gone over to mainland Europe to spread Christianity and the way of god. Other monks help travellers. Some monks provide services such as marriage documents and read letters for those who cannot read. (ii) My name is Simon lane and I own a Textile mill in Manchester. Men, Women and children work in my mill. The men worked the power loom which was invented by Edmund Cartwright, and the women work the mule which was invented by Samuel Crompton. Children also work and scavengers and piercers. I have very strict rules. No talking, no singing and the windows must always stay closed . I built houses close to the factory so that my workers can attend on time. Parliament introduced factory acts but I do not attend to these rules as they do not enforce them. I live in the suburbs. My house has fine carpet with fabulous carpet and beautiful décor. My wife has beautiful colourful clothes. My house has gas heating, the servants do most of the work around the house. My children have a private tutor. My children attend the only the best schools available, Eton. My past time are hunting, drinking brandy and watching rugby. Source DThe crew saw tropic birds which was a sign that land was nearby. The crew continued to voyage as the Admiral encouraged them as they were about to acquire profits. In the third paragraph it says ‘Weapons they have none, nor are they familiar with them’ This shows that they knew very little about the weapons. ? Source E 1. Las Casas describes the native Americans as ‘most patient and peaceful’ Las Casas describes them as good people who are patient and peaceful who do not wish to attack. 2. Las Casas describes the native Americans as people who are willing to learn the Catholic religion ‘They are ready and willing to learn, so it is very likely they will accept or Catholic religion and virtuous customs’. Evidence that supports that Las Casas was a Catholic priest is present when it says ‘They are willing to learn, so it is very likely they will accept our Catholic religion and our virtuous customs’.He uses the phrase ‘Wild Wolves’ to describe the Spanish because of what they did in paragraph 2 ‘Spaniards killed and terrorised the natives peoples in order to gain more gold an to make themselves richer’. The population of the West Indies declined so dramatically because the people of this area weren’t used to disease that Europeans brought with them when they have to there county. Source E is not biased because the priest describes the horrific actions that the Spaniards did when they were away on their voyage. (i) Prince hennery the navigator set up the school of navigation in Sagraes. New navigational instruments were invented such as the compass which could tell what direction you were facing and also the astrolabe. The Portuguese monarchs were also willing to sponsor voyages because they wanted to pillage the new lands of their riches and also they wanted to spread Christianity. King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella sponsored Christopher Columbus to explore new lands and conquer it for the king and queen. Bartholomew Diaz found and new trading route to the east. They invented a new ship called the caravel which had lateen sails that could tack the wind. The ship was clinker built which meant that the boards overlapped. The ships also had a large rudder for steering. Fernand Magallanes voyage proved that the Earth was round. The brought new goods to Europe such as tobacco and turkey which they got from America. (C) Interment: Imprisonment without trial.Gerrymandering: The rigging of border polls so that the unionist are always in a majority.1. The Cumann na nGaedheal government set up an Garda Siochanna, which is a unarmed police force. 2. The Cumann na nGaedheal government set up the E.S.B (Electricity Supply Board) 3. The Cumann na nGaedheal government set up the hydroelectric dam in Ardnacrusha. (b)Seán Lemass was Taoiseach and leader of the Finna Fail party during 1959-1966. Irelands economy was in a depression and Seán took steps to improve it. He used T.K Whitakers programme of economic expansion. Which meant that protectionism was abolish (Tariffs were abolish). The lead to foreign companies investing here in Ireland. He improved relations with Prime Minister of Northern Ireland Captain Terrance O’Neill. He sent out inspectors all across the country to inspect Irish farms. This lead to better quality of Irish produce. He established the ACC with gave grants to farmers who needed it to expand and improve their farm. (a)The Economic War, Ireland was in shortage of supply of goods, ration cards were given out to people. Everything was rationed. Important people could only buy petrol such as doctors. Farmers were encouraged to grow barley as it was in demand. De Valera stopped paying the land annites that Ireland owed to Britain. Britain put a 20% on Irish imports. This was devastating for Ireland. Farmers killed their cattle as the UK would not buy them because of the 20% import tax. De Valera knew that Ireland depend on the UK for imports and exports. So he but a relativity low tax of 5% on British imports into Ireland. This lasted for 6 years. Until the Anglo-Irish agreement which made Ireland pay a lump sum of ?10 million. Three navel bases known as ‘treaty ports’ were given to Britain in Cobh, Lough Swilly and Barehaven. (D) (i) OVRA, was a secret police that was set up by Mussolini. The police attacked anyone who was against Mussolini, they also attacked and broken up communist meetings as Mussolini disliked communists. The Pact of Steel, was a military alliance between Hitler’s Germany and Mussolini’s Italy. (ii) 1. They were willing to appease Hitler as they did not want another war. 2. They were willing to appease Hitler as they felt that Germany as treated unfairly by the Treaty of Versailles.(iii)(b) Hitler brought in the Nuremburg laws which discriminated against Jews. Jews were no longer allowed to be lawyers and doctors. The Jews were rounded up into Ghetto’s were they would live. The Jews were then sent to concentration camps such as Auschwitz in Poland. When the arrived in the concentration camps they were separated from the strong to weak. The strong were made do hard labour while the weak where sent into rooms for a ‘shower’. These weren’t showers these were gas cambers that were disguised as them. Zyklon b pellets were what the Nazi’s used to killed the Jews with. The bodies were either buried or burned. Topic 1 During the Cold War, Fidel Castro became the leader of Cuba and set up a communist government and as a result the USA put a trade embargo on the Cuba. The Cuban government looked to the USSR for economic help. An American U2 spy-plane saw missile bases being built on the Island of Cuba. These missiles could reach any US city. John F Kennedy ordered a complete naval blockade of Cuba. Before the ship carrying ammo to the island of Cuba from the USSR was stopped. The leader of the USSR Krustieve told them to turn around. The USA and the USSR came to an agreement. The missile bases would be removed and the USA would never invade Cuba again. Secretly John F Kennedy agreed to remove the US missile bases near the USSR border in Turkey. A hotline was also set up between the Kremlin and the Whitehouse so emergency’s like this could be avoided in the future. ................
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