Research into Employment Outcomes for Young People with ...

Ymchwil gymdeithasol

Social research

Rhif/Number: 50/2014

Research into Employment Outcomes for

Young People with Autistic Spectrum

Disorders

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Research into Employment Outcomes for Young People

with Autistic Spectrum Disorders

Ruth Townsley

Carol Robinson

Val Williams

Stephen Beyer

Ceri Christian-Jones

(Ruth Townsley Research)

(Carol Robinson Consulting)

(Norah Fry Research Centre,

University of Bristol)

(Welsh Centre for Learning Disabilities,

Cardiff University)

(Bangor University)

Views expressed in this report are those of the researchers and not

necessarily those of the Welsh Government

For further information please contact:

Joanne Starkey

Knowledge and Analytical Services

Welsh Government

Cathays Park

Cardiff

CF10 3NQ

Tel: 0300 025 0377

Email: joanne.starkey@wales..uk

Welsh Government Social Research, 2 June 2014

978-1-4734-1409-9

? Crown Copyright 2014

Table of contents

Acknowledgements ......................................................................................... 4

Glossary of acronyms ..................................................................................... 5

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Introduction to the research ......................................................... 7

2

Employment and young people with ASD .................................. 12

3

Employment support for young people with ASD living in

Wales ......................................................................................... 43

4

Pathways to employment for young people with ASD living

in Wales ..................................................................................... 71

5

Conclusions and recommendations ........................................... 92

Bibliography ................................................................................................ 101

Appendix A Research design and methodology.......................................... 109

Appendix B Employment support programmes or services potentially

available to young people with ASD in Wales in 2013 ............. 126

Appendix C Some financial entitlements for disabled young people

wishing to work ........................................................................ 139

Appendix D ASD-specific support for young people with ASD in Wales:

current initiatives ...................................................................... 141

Appendix E Pathways to employment: case studies of a sample of the

young people included in the research .................................... 151

Appendix F The ideal pathway to employment for young people with

ASD ......................................................................................... 158

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Figures and tables

Figure 1: Geographical location and coverage of employment support

programmes or services working with young people with ASD .....................48

Figure 2: Support to consider employment ...................................................50

Figure 3: Support to seek employment .........................................................51

Figure 4: Support to keep employment .........................................................53

Figure 5: Other employment-related advice, training and support ................54

Figure 6: Confidence level by provider type ..................................................55

Figure 7: Do ESPs have any competence gaps in terms of working with

young people with ASD? ...............................................................................58

Figure 8: Do employment support programmes provide or buy in training

for their staff on working with young people with ASD? ................................59

Figure 9: What makes it hard to work with young people with ASD? ............64

Figure 10: Ben¡¯s pathway to employment ................................................... 152

Figure 11: Tom¡¯s pathway to employment .................................................. 153

Figure 12: Reg¡¯s pathway to employment ................................................... 154

Figure 13: Elin¡¯s pathway to employment.................................................... 155

Figure 14: Owen¡¯s pathway to employment ................................................ 156

Figure 15: Dafydd¡¯s pathway to employment .............................................. 157

Table 1: Number of pupils with ASD aged 16-19 attending maintained

secondary and special schools in Wales in January 2012 ............................11

Table 2: Destinations of pupils with ASD aged 16-18, by year group, for

the academic year 2011/12 ...........................................................................15

Table 3: Destinations of all pupils aged 16-18, by year group, for the

academic year 2011/12 .................................................................................16

Table 4: Destinations of FEI learners aged 16-24 who terminated a

learning programme during 2011/12 .............................................................17

Table 5: Destinations of WBL learners aged 16-24 who terminated a

learning programme during 2011/12 .............................................................19

Table 6: Destinations of HEI leavers amalgamated across three

academic years 2008/9, 2009/10, 2010/11 ...................................................21

Table 7: Numbers of employment-related programmes or services

working with young people with ASD ............................................................45

Table 8: Numbers of WBL programmes who worked with young people

with ASD .......................................................................................................46

Table 9: Employment details of young people with ASD included in the

research who were in paid or unpaid work ....................................................82

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Table 10: Summary of systematic searches conducted relating to

employment and young people with ASD ................................................... 112

Table 11: Summary of data requests submitted .......................................... 114

Table 12: Education leaving points of young people with ASD included

in the research ............................................................................................ 120

Table 13: Geographical location of young people with ASD included in

the research ................................................................................................ 120

Table 14: Ages of the young people with ASD included in the research .... 120

Table 15: Place on autism spectrum of young people with ASD included

in the research ............................................................................................ 121

Table 16: Overview of practice survey data collected and included in

analysis ....................................................................................................... 124

Table 17: Work based learning programmes available in Wales in 2013 .... 126

Table 18: Mainstream employment support available in Wales in 2013 ..... 128

Table 19: Pan-disability employment support available in Wales in 2013 ... 134

Table 20: ASD-specific employment support available in Wales in 2013 .... 137

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