ENGLISH LESSONS See also http://www
VERBS :TENSE REVISION CHART
See also and
|Verb Form |Tense and related expressions and signal |Use |Example |
|(to play) |words | | |
|I play/He plays/He finishes | Present simple |▪ Regular activities – routine( repeated) – habits | |
|Do I/Does he play? |more... |▪ General actions Permanent truths-actions |▪ Anne and Sophie play tennis on Saturday afternoons. |
|I don’t/He doesn’t play | |▪ Facts or generalizations |▪ Louise lives in Madrid. |
| | |▪ To state scientific facts |▪ Cats like milk. Windows are made of glass. |
| |always, every …, never, normally, often, |▪ Scheduled event in the near future |▪ Water boils at 100ºC |
| |seldom, sometimes, usually, if sentences |▪ Now (Not Continuous verbs) |▪ The train leaves tonight at 10.00 |
| |type I (If I talk, …) |▪ To make suggestions |▪ I am here now. I don´t need help now |
| | |▪ With Time clauses |▪ Why don’t we go on a day-trip? |
| | |▪ With Conditional clauses |▪ When she comes, telephone me. |
| | |▪ To tell a joke or a story |▪ If you study, you’ll pass |
| | | |▪ The Englishman goes up to the Irishman and says... |
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|I am playing | |▪ Continuous action now or at the present time. |▪ Anne and Sophie are playing at the moment. |
|Am I playing |Present continuous more... |▪ Longer actions in progress now |▪ I’m studying to become a doctor |
|I am not playing | |▪ To talk about a current situation |▪ The phone isn’t working |
| |at the moment, just, just now, Listen!, |▪ To talk about changing state |▪ Now The world’s climate is getting warmer |
| |Look!, now, right now |▪ Future arrangements (Fixed plan) |▪ I’m meeting Tom tomorrow |
| | |▪ Repetition and irritation with “always” |▪ He’s always coming to class late |
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|I have played | |▪ Finished part of a continuous action |▪ So far they have played two sets. |
|Have I played? | Present Perfect Simple |▪ Completed actions in an unfinished period of time |▪ They have played several other matches this month. |
|I haven’t played | |▪ Recent events (no time mentioned) |▪ Their parents have arrived. |
| | more... |▪ Even more recent events |▪ Their parents have just arrived |
| | |▪ Past action with a result in the present. |▪ Sophie has broken her racket so she's got to change it. |
| | |▪ Experiences (no time mentioned) |▪ They’ve played in many tournaments. Have you ever tried this? |
| |already, ever, just, never, not yet, so |▪ With first time |▪ It’s the first time (that) I’ve been abroad |
| |far, till now, up to now | | |
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|I have been playing | Present Perfect Continuous more... |▪ Actions begun in the past which continue today. |▪ They have been playing tennis since 2 pm. |
|Have I been playing? | |▪ Actions begun in the past and may have recently finished |▪ It’s been raining quite hard during the night |
|I haven’t been playing |all day, for 4 years, since 1993, how |▪ To talk about a past activity recently finished, the result of |▪ Have you been frying onions? |
| |long?, the whole week |which is evident | |
|I played | |▪ Finished actions at a specific time in the past. |▪ Last Saturday Sophie played in another tournament. |
|Did I play? | Past Simple |▪ To narrate events in sequence |▪ He got home, opened the door and sat down |
|I didn’t play |more... |▪ To express a past habit (also used to) |▪ The never drank wine. I used to run here. |
| | |▪ With I wish/If only to express a regret about a present fact |▪ I wish/If only I had a car! |
| |yesterday, 2 minutes ago, in 1990, the | | |
| |other day, last Friday | | |
| |if sentence type II (If I talked, …) | | |
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|I was playing | | | |
|Was I playing | Past Continuous |▪ Continuous actions at a specific time in the past. |▪ At 2.30 pm they were starting the second set. |
|I wasn´t playing |more... |▪ To talk about an interrupted event in the past |▪ She phoned while I was having lunch |
| | |▪ To talk about two paralel actions in the past |▪ I was cooking while she was ironing |
| | |▪ To express a future action in the past |▪ He was busy packing for he was leaving that night |
| |when, while, as long as |▪ Give background to an event o narration |▪ A woodfire was burning and a cat was sleeping in... |
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|I had played | |▪ For events happened before another event in the past |▪ Before they arrived, two other people had played a match. |
|Had I played? |Past Perfect Simple more... |▪ After I wish/If only to express past regrets |▪ I wish/If only she hadn’t come! |
|I hadn’t played | |▪ With Conditional clauses type III (impossible) |▪ If she had come, I would have gone with her |
| |already, just, never, not yet, once, | | |
| |until that day | | |
| |if sentence type III (If I had talked, …)| | |
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|I had been playing | |▪ Past continuous actions |▪ When he arrived, John had been already trying a new car. |
|Had I been playing? |Past Perfect Continuous more... | | |
|I hadn’t been playing | | | |
| |for, since, the whole day, all day | | |
|I will play | |▪ Actions or Predictions which may (not) happen |▪ Sophie will win the match today. |
|Will you play? | Future simple |▪ Spontaneous decisions |▪ Since it’s getting dark, I’ll turn on the lights |
|I will not play |more... |▪ Things we’re not sure about or haven’t decided to do yet |▪ She’ll probably be promoted |
| | |▪ Offers, hopes, fears, promises, threats, warnings, requests |▪ I'll lend you my tennis racket! |
| |in a year, next …, tomorrow | | |
| |If-Satz Typ I (If you ask her, she will | | |
| |help you.) | | |
| |assumption: I think, probably, perhaps | | |
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|I will be playing | |▪ Future continuous actions at a stated future time |▪ Next Saturday they will be playing in another town. |
| |Future continuous |▪ Actions which are the result of a routine |▪ I’ll be seeing Tom tomorrow (We work at the same office) |
| | |▪ Politer questions |▪ How will you be paying, sir? |
| | |▪ When we aks politely about people’s arrangements to see if they|▪ Will you be going to the supermarket? Can you buy me some tea? |
| |in one year, next week, tomorrow |can do sth for us or because we want to offer to do sth for them.| |
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|I will have played | |▪ Completed future action before a stated future time |▪ By September, they will have played 12 matches. |
| |Future perfect | | |
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|I will have been playing | |▪ Duration of an action up to a certain time in the future. |▪ At 4 pm Anne and Sophie will have been playing for 2 hours. |
| |Future perfect continuous | | |
|I am going to play | |▪ Actions intended to be performed in the near future |▪ She’s going to visit her parents tomorrow |
| |“Going to” Future |▪ Planned actions or intentions |▪ Now they’ve got it, they’re going to have a party |
| | |▪ Evidence that something will definitely happen |▪ Ann is going to have a baby. Look at that cloud, it’s going to rain |
| | |▪ Things we are sure about or we have already decided to do in |▪ He’s going to be promoted (The boss has decided to do it) |
| |in one year, next week, tomorrow |the near future | |
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|I was going to play | |▪ To state failed planned actions or intentions in the past |▪ She was going to visit her parents but, in the end, she didn’t go |
| |“Going to” Future in the past | | |
|I would play | |▪ Probable action in an imaginary situation |▪ I would play tennis if I had a racket. |
| |Conditional Simple more... | | |
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| |if sentences type II | | |
| |(If I were you, I would go home.) | | |
|I would be playing | |▪ Continuous action in an imaginary situation. |▪ Anne would be playing tennis if you came on a Saturday afternoon. |
| |Conditional Continuous | | |
|I would have played | |▪ Speculating about hypothetical situations in the past. |▪ I would have played yesterday if you had asked me. |
| |Conditional Perfect | | |
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| |if sentences type III | | |
| |(If I had seen that, I would have | | |
| |helped.) | | |
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|I would have been playing | |▪ Continuous hypothetical situations. |▪ I would have been playing with Anne if I had won my last match. |
| |Cond. Perfect Continuous | | |
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