Civil Rights DBQ:
Civil Rights Documents Name: ________________________
Document 1 Civil Rights Movement, 1945-1972
[pic]
1. What region of the country was most involved in the Civil Rights Movement? ______________________
2. When did the Civil Rights Movement take place? From _______ to _______
3. In what year was Central High School integrated? ________
4. In what city was Malcolm X assassinated? ______________ What year? __________
5. In what city was Martin Luther King assassinated? ______________ What year? __________
6. Why were there many assassinations during the Civil Rights Movement? _________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
7. When did the March on Washington take place? ______________________
8. When did the bus boycott take place? ________________ In what city? ____________________________
9. Why did the majority of events take place in the South? ________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
10. What was the main purpose of the Civil Rights Movement? _____________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
Document 2
Montgomery, Alabama, 1956
| |
|Why is the bus empty? |
|____________________________________ |
|____________________________________ |
|____________________________________ |
|____________________________________ |
|Why were boycotts an effective way of changing laws? |
|____________________________________ |
|____________________________________ |
|____________________________________ |
Document 3
1. In your own words, explain two of the Jim Crow laws listed above.
A. ____________________________________________________________________________________
B. ____________________________________________________________________________________
2. In your opinion, which law do you find to be the most ridiculous, and why? (At least 2 sentences).
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
Document 4: Police Response to Non-violent Civil Rights Demonstrations in Birmingham, Alabama, 1963.
1. Is this a primary or secondary source? ________________________________________
2. What would be an appropriate headline for the two pictures above?
_______________________________________________________________________________________
3. How did the police respond to the protesters use of non-violence?
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
4. What type of conflict is pictured above, and why? _____________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
Document 5
“It is criminal to teach a man not to defend himself when he is the constant victim of brutal attacks. It is legal and lawful to own a shotgun or rifle. We believe in obeying the law. The time has come for the American Negro to fight back in self-defense whenever and wherever he is being unjustly and unlawfully attacked.”
Malcolm X, Press Conference, New York City, 1964
1. Is this a primary or secondary source? ________________________________________
2. When does Malcolm X believe violence is acceptable? ______________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
3. How do you think MLK would respond to Malcolm X’s comments? __________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
4. What does the word unjustly mean? _________________________________________________________
5. Martin Luther King and Malcolm X have different views on how African Americans should respond to violence. Which leader do you agree more with, and why? _______________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
Document 6
Estimated Percentage of Voting-Age African-Americans Registered in 1960 and 1968
|State |1960 |1968 |
|Alabama |13.7 |56.7 |
|Arkansas |37.3 |67.5 |
|Florida |38.9 |62.1 |
|Georgia |29.3 |56.1 |
|Louisiana |30.9 |59.3 |
|Mississippi |5.2 |59.4 |
|N. Carolina |38.1 |55.3 |
|S. Carolina |15.6 |50.8 |
|Tennessee |58.9 |72.8 |
|Texas |34.9 |83.1 |
|Virginia |22.8 |58.4 |
|TOTAL SOUTH |29.1 |62.0 |
1. What percentage of African-Americans were registered to vote in the South in 1960? _______________________
2. What percentage of African-Americans were registered to vote in the South in 1968? ______________________
3. What Southern state had the lowest percentage of registered Black voters in 1960? ____________________
4. What Southern state had the highest percentage of registered Black voters in 1968? ____________________
5. INFERENCE: Why do you think the percentage of registered Black voters increased so much between 1960 and 1968? (HINT: what could have happened in politics during that time?) __________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
6. INFERENCE: Why is having the right to vote, or not having it, such a big deal? ____________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
Document 7
Source: President John F. Kennedy in a radio and television report to the American people, June 11, 1963
“The heart of the question is whether all Americans are to be afforded equal rights and equal opportunities, whether we are going to treat our fellow Americans as we want to be treated. . . .
If an American, because his skin is dark, cannot eat lunch in a restaurant open to the public, if he cannot send his children to the best public school available, if he cannot vote for the public officials who will represent him, if, in short, he cannot the full and free life which all of us want, then who among us would be content to have the color of his skin changed and stand in his place? One hundred years of delay have passed since President Lincoln freed the slaves, yet their grandsons are not fully free. They are not yet freed from the bonds of injustice.
Next week I shall ask the Congress of the United States to act, to make a commitment it has not fully made in this century to the law that race has no place in American life or law.”
1. According to JFK, what are three things that African Americans did not have the right to do?
A. ________________________________________________________________________________________
B. ________________________________________________________________________________________
C. ________________________________________________________________________________________
2. What is the purpose of JFK’s speech (pay attention to the last paragraph)? ________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
3. What is the organizational structure of this speech?
A. Compare-contrast C. Chronological
B. Problem-Solution D. Order of importance
Document 8
1. Describe what is going on in this cartoon. ______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
2. What has taken “only a few hundred years”? ______________________________________
______________________________________
Document 9
“In the name of the greatest people that have ever trod this earth, I draw the line in the dust and toss the gauntlet before the feet of tyranny . . . and I say . . . segregation today . . . segregation tomorrow . . . segregation forever…..”
-George Wallace, Governor of Alabama, January, 1963 Inaugural Address
1. Who is George Wallace? ___________________________________________________________________
2. What does he want for Alabama? ___________________________________________________________
3. What would he say to Dr. King and others who supported integration in the South?
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
“I have made my position in this matter crystal clear. I have said in every county in Mississippi that no school in our state will be integrated while I am your Governor. I shall do everything in my power to prevent integration in our schools. I assure you that the schools will not be closed if this can possibly be avoided, but they will not be integrated if I can prevent it.”
-Mississippi governor Ross Barnett, September 13, 1962 in response to the Supreme Court’s order to admit the first black student, James Meredith, to the University of Mississippi.
4. Who is Ross Barnett? _____________________________________________________________________
5. What is he trying to prevent from happening in Mississippi? ____________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
6. What event is he responding to? ____________________________________________________________
7. COMPARE George Wallace to Ross Barnett. How are they similar? ______________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
Document 10
“This is the twenty-seventh time I have been arrested – and I ain’t going to jail no more! We been saying freedom for six years – and we ain’t got nothin’. What we’re gonna start saying now is Black Power.”
Stokely Carmichael, Rally in Greenwood, Mississippi, 1966
1. How would you describe Stokely Carmichael’s tone (attitude)? How does he feel, and why? __________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
2. Does Carmichael still believe in MLK’s non-violent approach? YES / NO (Circle one)
Why, or why not? ______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
3. What point of view is the above passage written from? _____ person point of view
Document 11
[pic] [pic]
1. What is the message of the button on the left? _________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________
2. What is the message of the button on the right? ________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________
3. How are these two buttons similar & different? What do they say about the different approaches to the fight for equal rights?
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
4. Would Stokely Carmichael wear the button on the left or right, and why?
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
Document 12
March on Washington, 1963
| |
|Based on the signs in the picture to the left, what were three things people|
|were marching for? |
| |
|A._____________________________ |
| |
|B._____________________________ |
| |
|C. _____________________________ |
| |
|Who delivered the main speech at the March on Washington? |
| |
|______________________________________ |
| |
Document #13
1. What percentage of Southern schools was integrated before Brown v. Board in 1954?
__________________________
2. What percentage of Southern schools was integrated in 1972?
__________________________
3. Between what two intervals was there the smallest increase in percentage of schools that desegregated?
A. Between 1954 and 1964
B. Between 1964 and 1968
C. Between 1968 and 1972
How would you summarize the graph above? What it is showing, and why did the change occur?
______________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________
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“Jim Crow” Laws
From the 1880s to the 1960s, a majority of American states enforced segregation through “Jim Crow” laws.
Sample “Jim Crow” Laws:
• It shall be unlawful to conduct a restaurant or other place for the serving of food in the city, at which white and colored people are served in the same room.
• The officer in charge shall not bury, or allow to be buried, any colored persons upon ground set apart for the burial of white persons.
• It shall be unlawful for any amateur white baseball team to play baseball on any vacant lot or diamond within two blocks of a playground dedicated to the Negro race (and vice-versa).
• The Corporation Commission is hereby vested with the power to require telephone companies to maintain separate phone booths for white and color
• All marriages between a white person and a negro, or between a white person and a person of negro descent to the fourth generation inclusive, are hereby forever prohibited.
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