White Plains Middle School
Using the following documents, analyze the relationship between gender and politics in twentieth-century Latin America.
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Document 1
• Woman must be dedicated to the home
• Women should not become men
• Men fight over political questions and form laws
• Women should have children
Source: Male minister of public education
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Document 2
• Women need suffrage (the vote)
• With the vote, she can combat social ills
• Combat alcoholism and prostitution, etc.
• To work for better housing and schools
Source: Mexican feminist and political speaker
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Document 3
• Women with guns
• Mexican female soldiers during the revolution
Source: Photograph of soldaderas
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Document 4
• Women should have rights
• It is a worldwide movement
• It is just
• Women do not want to control men
• But by not giving the vote, women may turn to socialism – “everyone’s greatest fear”
Source: Cuban senator – bill to give married women economic rights
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Document 5
• Don’t wait for powerful to help you
• Join the struggle – defend your rights
• In support of a rent-strike movement in Mexico
• Don’t be a traitor or corward
• Leader may be jailed but you must still fight
Source: Female anarchist and union organizer
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Document 6
• Disaster to give women powers to govern
• Women can be more criminal than men
• Woman is for the man’s home
• Woman’s vote is madness
Source: Veteran of the Mexican Revolution, private letter to president
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Document 7
• Sandinistas will abolish discrimination that woman have suffered
• Economic, political and cultural equality
Source: Sandinista National Liberation Front of Nicaragua, party platform
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Document 8
• Argentinian women protesting government
• Seeking information about Los Desaparecidos
• Those missing due to political views
Source: Photograph of Mothers of the May Plaza (Madres de Plaza de Mayo)
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Document 9
• When revolution began, women fought with men
• These female revolutionaries should all women that women can be equal to men in life and in work and in the world
Source: Female Community Activist in Nicaragua
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Document 10
• Women talk of equality but not equal
• Women wash the dishes and take care of the children
• Women are sometimes abused by husbands
• Women talk of solidarity but they are not equal
Source: Chilean woman at First National Meeting of the Female Temporary Agricultural Workers, Santiago, Chile
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Groups:
|Women need the right of suffrage and other |Women belong in the home and not in the |The more women do, the more they can do – women|
|rights to protect themselves and deserve |government – women are not equal |can do what men do – women can fight |
|equality | | |
|Document 2 |Document 1 |Document 3 |
| | | |
| | | |
| | |Document 5 |
|Document 4 |Document 6 | |
| | |Document 8 |
| | | |
|Document 7 |Document 10 |Document 9 |
Thesis within Introductory Paragraph:
The relationship between gender and politics in twentieth-century Latin America was complex and varied in that movements occurred demanding women’s equality and the right to vote (Documents 2, 4, and 7), women actively engaged in political revolutions and political movements thereby revealing their intention to act as equals to men (Documents 3, 5,8, 9) yet women faced gender discrimination as a result of individuals who felt that women belonged in the home and not in the government (Documents 1, 6 and 10). Struggles for female equality in Latin America were part of a larger worldwide movement for women’s rights that began as early as the 1700s (the Age of Enlightenment) when some women began to question notions of equality that pertained only to men. After World War I, the movement for women’s equality greatly increased. Women everywhere began to ask the question, “Why not women?” It is a question that still poses varied answers to this very day.
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