Houston Independent School District



English I Guidance Oct 119.B Make complex inferences about text and use text evidence to support understanding. E1.5.B Analyze how authors develop complex yet believable characters in work of fiction through a range of literary devices.Modeling: IronyIrony—(situational) when the opposite of what is expected occurs.Example: In the short story,”The Necklace,” Mathilde is an ambitious young woman who longs to be wealthy. She borrows a diamond necklace from her friend, Madame Forestier and then loses it. So, Mathilde and her husband raise more money than they can afford in order to secretly replace the necklace. For the next ten years, they live a life of poverty working off the debt. One day, Mathilde decides to confide in her friend, Madame Forestier that she lost the necklace. The reader expects Madame Forestier will be moved by the sacrifices Mathilde has made on account of the necklace. Instead, she is shocked and tells Mathilde that the necklace was fake jewelry and was practically worthless.How is this an example of irony?_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Incident in a Rose GardenBy Donald JusticeSir, I just encountered DeathJust now among our rosesThin as a scythe he stood there.I knew him by his picturesHe had on his black coatBlack gloves, and broad black hat.I think he would have spokenSeeing his mouth stood open.Big as it was, with white teeth.As soon as he beckoned, I ran.I ran until I found you.Sir, I’m quitting my job.I want to see my sonsOnce more before I dieI want to see California.Sir, you must be that strangerWho threatened my gardener.This is my property, sir.I welcome only friends here.Sir, I knew your father,And we were friends at the endAs for your gardener,I did not threaten him.Old men mistake my gestures.I only meant to ask himTo show me to his master.I take it you are he?Thinking it through….Answer each question and find text evidence which supports your answer.1656715-25527000Thinking It Through…Who receives the first visit from Death? _________________________________________________________________________________What reaction did the older man have?__________________________________________________________________________________Who did Death visit next? __________________________________________________________________________________ What is being personified in the poem? How do you know it’s personification?____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________What is the meaning of the word scythe in the poem? _____________________________________________________________________________________Find one simile in the poem and write it on the lines below. What is being compared? Look up any unfamiliar words in your dictionary._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________How is this poem ironic? Explain on the lines below._________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________What is one theme in the poem? Write it on the line below.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________19.B Make complex inferences about text and use text evidence to support understanding. E1.5.B Analyze how authors develop complex yet believable characters in work of fiction through a range of literary devices.Modeling: ThemeTheme-a literary work’s central message or lesson. Themes are general statements about life and people. They are usually not stated directly in the text. Example 1: Think about the boy who cried wolf. He cries, “Wolf, Wolf!” repeatedly, bringing the villagers running to help; time after time, they discover he is lying. Finally, when a wolf actually appears, they ignore the boy’s cries, and the wolf devours his sheep. What do you think this story teaches? ________________________________________________________________________.Common themes found in literature include the following:If at first you don’t succeed, try again.People get what they deserve.Be happy with what you have.Appearances can be deceiving.Good triumphs over evil.Love conquers allExample 2: In A Raisin in the Sun, the setting includes “a feeble little plant growing doggedly in a small pot on the windowsill.” Despite the plant’s frail condition, Mama waters the plant regularly and with love. There are several references to the plant in the play. In the last scene, Mama grabs the plant before leaving for her new home. The plan illustrates one of the play’s themes. What do you think it is? ___________________________________________________________________________English I Guidance Oct 219.B Make complex inferences about text and use text evidence to support understanding. E1.5.B Analyze how authors develop complex yet believable characters in work of fiction through a range of literary devices.Modeling: ThemeTheme-a literary work’s central message or lesson. Themes are general statements about life and people. They are usually not stated directly in the text. Look through the following examples and try to determine theme.Orpheus and EurydiceMany years ago, in ancient Greece, a musician named Orpheus met a beautiful maiden named Eurydice. They fell deeply in love and were married. Then one day, a poisonous snake bit Eurydice, and in a matter of moments she was gone. Orpheus was overcome with pain and grief. He traveled to the Underworld to try to convince Pluto to let Eurydice rejoin him in the world of the living. Pluto and his wife, Persephone, were brought to tears by Orpheus’s song. Pluto agreed to let Eurydice leave with Orpheus on one condition. She must walk behind him, and Orpheus could not turn around to look at her until he reached the land of the living. Then Eurydice would be turned back from a spirit to a woman. However, if Orpheus looked back before then, Eurydice would disappear back into the Underworld. Orpheus started the long walk up the path that led into the light with Eurydice trailing behind him. As they neared the mouth of the cave, Orpheus could not help himself and turned around to look. He caught a glimpse of Eurydice before she faded away and disappeared forever.The CakeKimberly was excited. Her favorite aunt was coming to stay with her family for a week. On the day her aunt was to arrive, Kimberly asked her mom if they could bake a welcome cake for Aunt Tracy. Kimberly’s mom through that was an excellent idea. Kimberly had a fun time mixing ingredient after ingredient and pouring the batter into the pan while her mom made her famous maple nut buttercream frosting. When Kimberly’s mom pulled the cake out of the oven, she said, “I’m going to take a quick shower, Kim. Don’t frost the cake until I come out. If you frost it too early, it won’t come out right.” But Kimberly was too impatient to wait long. After a few minutes, she began to spread the frosting over the warm cake. Halfway through, she noticed the frosting was melting and running down the sides. She tried to fix it, but only succeeded in creating crumbs mixed with the frosting. Before long, the cake was one big mess.Write a theme that will apply to BOTH passages:__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Explain how your theme is supported in both passages:__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Now try to infer theme from the following passages and answer the STAAR-like questions which follow:The Birds, the Beasts and the BatLong ago, the birds were at war with the beasts. Through the years, the power shifted. Sometimes the birds won the battle and sometimes the beasts won. The bat, never knowing how the battle might end, always fought with whichever side he thought was the strongest. Sometimes he fought alongside the birds. When it was to his advantage, he fought alongside the beasts. Finally the birds and the beasts made peace and the former enemies became friends. That was when the bat’s false conduct became apparent to both sides. The birds and the beasts decided to punish the disloyal bat and drove him away. From that day, the bat has hidden himself in dark places and is friends with neither the birds nor beasts.The ChoiceWhen Devin transferred to a new school, he found it difficult to make new friends. Every day he ate lunch by himself in the lunchroom, too shy to approach the kids at the other lunch tables. One day, another boy slid into the seat next to Devin. He introduced himself as Kyle and said that he was new to the school. Soon Devin and Kyle were eating lunch together every day and hanging out after school. Then Devin tried out for the track team and made it. It wasn’t long before his teammates became his friends. He found less time to spend with Kyle. One day Kyle could not find Devin in the lunchroom. Then he spotted him at another table eating lunch with the track team. Kyle walked over and hovered over the table, waiting for Devin to ask him to join them. But another team member looked up coolly and said, “Track team only---sorry.” Kyle looked at Devin, but Devin quickly lowered his eyes and took a bite from his sandwich. Kyle never spoke to Devin again. As far as he was concerned, Devin had made his choice and would have to live with it. What is the theme of the first passage?One who plays both sides will end up friendless.It is better to try and fail than not to try at all.Birds and beasts should live separately.Nothing good ever comes of war.Which word from the first passage gives the best clue about the theme?StrongestDisloyalBeastsWarHow are the actions of the bat similar to Devin’s? Use text evidence from BOTH selections to support your answer.-25336529845_Answer:__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Text1_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Text2_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Analysis1____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Analysis2________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________00_Answer:__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Text1_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Text2_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Analysis1____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Analysis2________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Answer KeyModeling: IronyIrony—(situational) when the opposite of what is expected occurs.Example: In the short story,”The Necklace,” Mathilde is an ambitious young woman who longs to be wealthy. She borrows a diamond necklace from her friend, Madame Forestier and then loses it. So, Mathilde and her husband raise more money than they can afford in order to secretly replace the necklace. For the next ten years, they live a life of poverty working off the debt. One day, Mathilde decides to confide in her friend, Madame Forestier that she lost the necklace. The reader expects Madame Forestier will be moved by the sacrifices Mathilde has made on account of the necklace. Instead, she is shocked and tells Mathilde that the necklace was fake jewelry and was practically worthless.How is this an example of irony?Mathilde worked for most of her life to repay a necklace that was fake. Incident in a Rose GardenBy Donald JusticeSir, I just encountered DeathJust now among our rosesThin as a scythe he stood there.I knew him by his picturesHe had on his black coatBlack gloves, and broad black hat.I think he would have spokenSeeing his mouth stood open.Big as it was, with white teeth.As soon as he beckoned, I ran.I ran until I found you.Sir, I’m quitting my job.I want to see my sonsOnce more before I dieI want to see California.Sir, you must be that strangerWho threatened my gardener.This is my property, sir.I welcome only friends here.Sir, I knew your father,And we were friends at the endAs for your gardener,I did not threaten him.Old men mistake my gestures.I only meant to ask himTo show me to his master.I take it you are he?Thinking it through….Answer each question and find text evidence which supports your answer.1656715-25527000Thinking It Through…Who receives the first visit from Death? The gardenerWhat reaction did the older man have?He runs away to his employer terrified.Who did Death visit next? The masterWhat is being personified in the poem? How do you know it’s personification?_ Death is being personified. He is talking and acting as if human. What is the meaning of the word scythe in the poem? A tool for cuttingFind one simile in the poem and write it on the lines below. What is being compared? Look up any unfamiliar words in your dictionary.Thin as a scythe. Death’s appearance is being compared to a garden tool. How is this poem ironic? Explain on the lines below.The reader is assuming that the old gardener is being visited by death, but in reality, Death is coming for the master. What is one theme in the poem? Write it on the line below.No one can predict when his/her death will come.Death knows everyone at some point or another.There is no use running from death. Modeling: ThemeTheme-a literary work’s central message or lesson. Themes are general statements about life and people. They are usually not stated directly in the text. Example 1: Think about the boy who cried wolf. He cries, “Wolf, Wolf!” repeatedly, bringing the villagers running to help; time after time, they discover he is lying. Finally, when a wolf actually appears, they ignore the boy’s cries, and the wolf devours his sheep. What do you think this story teaches? The story teaches that since the boy lied, he gets what he deserved. Common themes found in literature include the following:If at first you don’t succeed, try again.People get what they deserve.Be happy with what you have.Appearances can be deceiving.Good triumphs over evil.Love conquers allTry to think of one movie, book, story that has one of the themes listed above. What is your choice and how does it display the theme?Answers will varyExample 2: In A Raisin in the Sun, the setting includes “a feeble little plant growing doggedly in a small pot on the windowsill.” Despite the plant’s frail condition, Mama waters the plant regularly and with love. There are several references to the plant in the play. In the last scene, Mama grabs the plant before leaving for her new home. The plan illustrates one of the play’s themes. What do you think it is? The plant is like people/family. With love and nurturing, people can grow and thrive. Modeling: ThemeTheme-a literary work’s central message or lesson. Themes are general statements about life and people. They are usually not stated directly in the text. Look through the following examples and try to determine theme.Orpheus and EurydiceMany years ago, in ancient Greece, a musician named Orpheus met a beautiful maiden named Eurydice. They fell deeply in love and were married. Then one day, a poisonous snake bit Eurydice, and in a matter of moments she was gone. Orpheus was overcome with pain and grief. He traveled to the Underworld to try to convince Pluto to let Eurydice rejoin him in the world of the living. Pluto and his wife, Persephone, were brought to tears by Orpheus’s song. Pluto agreed to let Eurydice leave with Orpheus on one condition. She must walk behind him, and Orpheus could not turn around to look at her until he reached the land of the living. Then Eurydice would be turned back from a spirit to a woman. However, if Orpheus looked back before then, Eurydice would disappear back into the Underworld. Orpheus started the long walk up the path that led into the light with Eurydice trailing behind him. As they neared the mouth of the cave, Orpheus could not help himself and turned around to look. He caught a glimpse of Eurydice before she faded away and disappeared forever.The CakeKimberly was excited. Her favorite aunt was coming to stay with her family for a week. On the day her aunt was to arrive, Kimberly asked her mom if they could bake a welcome cake for Aunt Tracy. Kimberly’s mom through that was an excellent idea. Kimberly had a fun time mixing ingredient after ingredient and pouring the batter into the pan while her mom made her famous maple nut buttercream frosting. When Kimberly’s mom pulled the cake out of the oven, she said, “I’m going to take a quick shower, Kim. Don’t frost the cake until I come out. If you frost it too early, it won’t come out right.” But Kimberly was too impatient to wait long. After a few minutes, she began to spread the frosting over the warm cake. Halfway through, she noticed the frosting was melting and running down the sides. She tried to fix it, but only succeeded in creating crumbs mixed with the frosting. Before long, the cake was one big mess.Write a theme that will apply to BOTH passages:Impatience can lead to disastrous consequences. Not listening/following directions can lead to problems. Explain how your theme is supported in both passages:Orpheus is impatient and doesn’t obey Pluto. He loses Eurydice. Kim is impatient and doesn’t listen to her mother. She destroys the cake. Now try to infer theme from the following passages and answer the STAAR-like questions which follow:The Birds, the Beasts and the BatLong ago, the birds were at war with the beasts. Through the years, the power shifted. Sometimes the birds won the battle and sometimes the beasts won. The bat, never knowing how the battle might end, always fought with whichever side he thought was the strongest. Sometimes he fought alongside the birds. When it was to his advantage, he fought alongside the beasts. Finally the birds and the beasts made peace and the former enemies became friends. That was when the bat’s false conduct became apparent to both sides. The birds and the beasts decided to punish the disloyal bat and drove him away. From that day, the bat has hidden himself in dark places and is friends with neither the birds nor beasts.The ChoiceWhen Devin transferred to a new school, he found it difficult to make new friends. Every day he ate lunch by himself in the lunchroom, too shy to approach the kids at the other lunch tables. One day, another boy slid into the seat next to Devin. He introduced himself as Kyle and said that he was new to the school. Soon Devin and Kyle were eating lunch together every day and hanging out after school. Then Devin tried out for the track team and made it. It wasn’t long before his teammates became his friends. He found less time to spend with Kyle. One day Kyle could not find Devin in the lunchroom. Then he spotted him at another table eating lunch with the track team. Kyle walked over and hovered over the table, waiting for Devin to ask him to join them. But another team member looked up coolly and said, “Track team only---sorry.” Kyle looked at Devin, but Devin quickly lowered his eyes and took a bite from his sandwich. Kyle never spoke to Devin again. As far as he was concerned, Devin had made his choice and would have to live with it. What is the theme of the first passage?One who plays both sides will end up friendless.It is better to try and fail than not to try at all.Birds and beasts should live separately.Nothing good ever comes of war.Which word from the first passage gives the best clue about the theme?StrongestDisloyalBeastsWarFor the short answer response, students must complete a FULL sentence which answers the prompt. They then must provide TEXT evidence from the first selection and TEXT evidence from the second selection. They must then analyze how the first text evidence supported their answer and how the second text evidence supported their answer. If students did this correctly, their responses should:Take up the entire box.Have complete text evidence from BOTH storiesHave analysis which discusses BOTH stories.Should NOT have any repetitive words in the answer, text evidence, or analysis. Suggested Plan of Action 9/17Briefly explain and discuss irony.Read the selection from the “Necklace” together.Answer the question about irony together. Put students in pairs to read the poem.Tell them to circle or underline any words they don’t understand.When they finish reading, go over unfamiliar words. (Or have them look up the words in the dictionary, if you have them)Have them answer questions in pairs and then go over the questions together.Explain that every piece of writing has a theme—a message that the author is trying to express. Move on to the quick theme activity. Read example 1 with them and answer the question together.Then have them read through the various themes. Have them come up with a book, movie, etc. that displays one of the themes. Give them a few minutes to do this and share out.Have them work silently on the second example and then share out answers. Suggested Plan of Action 9/18Review theme again briefly. Have them read the two selections in pairs, and again, have them underline or circle unfamiliar words. Go over the answer to the similar themes in both selections. Have them read the next two selections silently and individually and answer the questions. Go over the answers together as a whole group. Introduce the SAR (Short Answer Response). Short answer responses should always have THREE partsAnswer in a complete sentence (usually rewording the questions)Text evidence from the selectionAnalysis which explains their response. For “Crossover Responses” (SAR’s that ask about TWO selections), students MUST provide all three parts for BOTH stories or they will fail the SAR component on the EOC. Have students complete the SAR and highlight or color ALL the parts of their SAR. When they are finished, they can show it to their partner. The partner can evaluate the response making sure it makes sense, answers the question appropriately and has all three parts. ................
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