History and Evolution Programming Language
Programming Language
History and Evolution
In Text: Chapter 2
1
Brief Overview of Paradigms
? Procedural/Imperative
? Functional/Applicative
? Logic
? Object-oriented (closely related to
imperative)
? Problem-oriented/application-specific
? Chapter 2: Evolution of the Major Programming Languages ?
2
An Overview of PL History
1950
1960
1970
1980
1990
2000
? 1950¡¯s: Discovery and description
? 1960¡¯s: Elaboration and analysis
? 1970¡¯s: Technology
? 1980¡¯s: New paradigms
? 1990¡¯s: Internet influences
? Chapter 2: Evolution of the Major Programming Languages ?
3
1950¡¯s: Discovery and Description
FORTRAN LISP
1950 1960 1970 1980 1990
? FORTRAN (54-57, and on and on):
2000
? First widely used compiled language
? Relatively efficient
? LISP (56-62):
? First functional language, first support for
recursion, activation records, run-time stack
? First garbage collector, implicit dynamic memory
mgmt.
? Interpreter-based
? Chapter 2: Evolution of the Major Programming Languages ?
4
Overview:
Procedural/Imperative
? Describes how the computer should achieve
solution
? Key features:
? Stored memory
? Mutable variables
? Sequencing, selection, iteration
? Pointers?
? Chapter 2: Evolution of the Major Programming Languages ?
5
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