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CHAPTER 8 PRACTICE TEST____________________________ is another name for muscle cellCardiac muscle makes up the bulk of the tissue of the ____________________________The muscle attachment to the more movable bone is called the ___________________________The muscle attachment to the more stationary bone is called the ______________________________________________________ is the protein that makes up the thin myofilaments____________________________ is the protein that makes up the thick myofilamentsThe _________________________ is the basic functional unit of contraction in a skeletal muscleThe three functions of the muscular system are ______________________________________________________________________________The molecule ____________________________ supplies energy for muscle contraction____________________________ is the by-product produced when the muscle must switch to an energy-suppling process that does not require oxygenA single motor neuron with all the muscle fibers it innervates is called a _________________________________________________ is the minimal level of stimulation required to cause a muscle fiber to contract____________________________ is a type of muscle contraction that produces movement at a joint and allows the muscle to shorten____________________________ is a type of muscle contraction that does not produce movement and does not allow the muscle to shorten but does increase muscle tension____________________________ is a term describing the movement of a body part away from the midline of the body____________________________ is a term describing the movement that is opposite of flexion_______________________ describes the hand position when the body is in anatomical positionSkeletal muscles can also be calledVisceral musclesVoluntary musclesCardiac musclesAll of the aboveSmooth muscles can also be calledVisceral musclesInvoluntary musclesNonstriated musclesAll of the above MatchMuscles of the head or neckMuscles that move the upper extremityMuscles of the trunkMuscles that move the lower extremity___ temporal muscle___ biceps brachii___ sartorius___ gastrocnemius___ masseter___ pectoralis major___ external oblique___ gluteus maximus___ sternocleidomastoid___ rectus abdominis___ rectus femoris___ triceps brachiiMatch Skeletal muscle Cardiac muscleSmooth muscle___ striated___ found in hollow internal organs___ cells branch frequently___ moves food into stomach___ also called visceral muscle___ nonstriated___ voluntary___ increases efficiency of heart muscle in pumping ___ involuntary___ attaches to boneMatch The muscle unit, excluding the endsAttachment to the more movable boneFluid-filled sacsAttachment to more stationary boneAttach muscle to bones___ origin___ insertion___body ___ tendons___ bursae Match Protein that forms thick myofilamentsBasic functional unit of skeletal muscleProtein that forms thin myofilamentsMicroscopic threadlike structures found in skeletal muscle fibersElongated contractile cells of muscle tissue___ muscle fibers___ actin___ sarcomere___ myosin___ myofilament When a muscle does not shorten and no movement results, the contraction is:IsometricIsotonicTwitchTetanicWalking is an example of which type of contraction?IsometricIsotonicTwitchTetanicPushing against a wall is an example of which type of contraction?IsometricIsotonicTwitchTetanicEndurance training is also known as:IsometricsHypertrophy Aerobic trainingStrength training Benefits of regular exercise include all of the following except:Improved lung functionMore efficient heartLess fatigueAtrophy Twitch contractions can be easily seen in:Isolated muscles prepared for researchA great deal of normal muscle activityDuring resting periodsNone of the aboveContractions that “melt” together to produce a sustained contraction are called:TwitchTetanusIsotonic responseIsometric responseIn most cases, isotonic contraction of muscle produces movement at a(n):InsertionOriginJointBursaProlonged in activity causes muscles to shrink is mass, producing a condition called:Hypertrophy Disuse atrophy ParalysisMuscle fatigueMuscle hypertrophy can be best enhanced by a program of:Isotonic exerciseBetter postureHigh-protein dietStrength trainingA movement that makes the angle between two bones smaller is:FlexionExtensionAbductionAdductionMoving a part toward the midline is:Flexion ExtensionAbduction AdductionMoving a part away from the midline is:FlexionExtensionAbductionAdductionWhen you move your head from side to side as in shaking your head “no”, you are _______ a muscleRotatingPronating SupinatingAbducting____________ occurs when you turn the palm of your hand from an anterior to posterior positionDorsiflexionPlantar flexionSupinationPronationDorsiflexion refers to:Hand movementsEye movementsFoot movementsHead movementsWhich of the following statements concerning isometric contractions is true?Walking is an example of an isometric contractionMuscle tension decreasesMuscle length remains constantMovement of the muscle increasesMuscle cells are stimulated by a nerve fiber called a:SarcomereMotor neuronMyofilamentPrime moverMuscles that help other muscles produce movement are called:SynergistsPrime moversAntagonistsNone of the aboveThe connecting bridges between myofilaments form properly only if ______ is presentPotassiumCalciumSodiumChloride Physiological muscle fatigue is caused b:Oxygen debtInadequate periods of rest for musclesLactic acid buildup in the musclesAll of the aboveThe muscle’s attachment to the more stationary bone is called its:OriginBodyInsertionNone of the aboveSkeletal muscle:Is voluntaryIs smooth Is also known as visceral muscleAll of the aboveWhich of the following is NOT a hamstring muscle?SemimembranosusSemitendinosusRectus femorisBiceps femoris ................
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