AP WORLD-BROWN-Potential Exam Questions-Chapters 34 …
AP WORLD-BROWN-REVIEW DECOLONIZATION IN AFRICA AND ASIA
1) Q)What were the problems for new nations created in the wake of European colonial withdrawal?
A) underdeveloped economies, ethnic and religious divisions, concessions made to departing colonists
2) Q) Why have ethnic rivalries and communal violence been endemic in decolonized African states?
A) Europeans established political boundaries in Africa without reference to ethnic groups or cultural homogeneity
3) Q) The fragmentation of Pakistan resulted from the 1972 independence of _________
a) Bangladesh-formerly East Pakistan
4) Q) The Ibo people failed to sustain an independent state of Biafra because they could not secede from _____________
A) Nigeria
5) Q) What were the attitudes of African leaders with respect to altering unnatural political boundaries created during the colonial era?
A) They sought to maintain boundaries for fear of dissident minorities seeking national aspirations in their own states
6) Q)What was the most formidable barrier to economic growth in post-colonial Africa?
A) rapid population growth
7) Q)European colonizers contributed to African population growth by
A) introducing new foods, ending local wars, introducing rail transport to relieve local famines
8) Q)The rate of African population growth was ___________ compared with Asia
A) more rapid
9) Q)What were the actors in high birth rates among third world nations?
A) resistance to birth control, social status symbols attached to male virility and the need for male heirs, need to extend family
lineages in Africa
10) Q)A chief consequence of population growth in the third world has been___________
A) migration to the cities
11) Q) What did cities in the third world lack that made it possible for cities in the West to successfully absorb a large number of immigrants?
A) expanding industrial sectors
12) Q)Why are urban poor in the third world historically relegated to living in slums?
A) Development specialists have concluded that slums provided the only urban housing the poor can find
13 Q) What were the problems in the rural environment of third world countries?
A) insufficient labor supply
14) Q) On what have third world countries traditionally depended to finance industrialization?
A) sale of cash crops and minerals
15) Q) In what export commodity have some third world nations been able to improve the terms under which they participate in the global economy?
A) oil
16) Q) Neocolonialism refers to __________________
A) the continued relegation of third world nations to economic dependency after decolonization.
17) Q) What were the drawbacks to accepting investment capital from first and second world nations?
A) required military alliances, requirements for removal of state subsidies on food and essential items, commitments to by the
products produced by the investors
18) Q) What was Kwame Nkrumah’s response to failure of his programs of social reform and economic uplift?
A) he crushed all opposition by force and assumed dictatorial powers
19) Q) Was Nkrumah’s Ghana traditionally associated with ancient Ghana?
A) not geographically. The old Gold Coast had little to do with the location of the ancient kingdom, which was located farther
north
20) Q) Kwame Nkrumah’s political and economic programs_________________________
A) led to failed development schemes and his eventual ouster from power in 1966
21) Q) One of the most common elements of African and Asian governments since decolonization is_________________
A) military takeovers
22) Q) Which countries experienced military takeovers of their governments following decolonization?
A) Ghana, Vietnam, Nigeria
23) Q) What were the factors explaining the frequency of military takeovers in third world nations?
A) Regimentation made military personnel more resistant to religious and ethnic divisions, Military possessed a monopoly of
force essential to restore order, Military personnel had more technical training than civilian personnel
24) Q) One of the worst examples of a military regime in the third world was _______
A) Uganda
25) Q) The Muslim Brotherhood, an Egyptian reform movement founded in 1928 was led by_________
A) Hasan al-Banna
26) Q) The Muslim Brotherhood embraced the following;
A) fundamentalist approach to Islam, promotion of trade unions, land reform
27) Q) The Khedive Farouk was toppled from power in 1952 by a coup led by_____________
A) the Free Officers Movement
28) Q) The man who emerged as the head of the Egyptian government following the 1952 coup was _____________
A) Gamal Abdul Nasser
29) Q) The military government of Egypt after 1952 attempted the following reforms:
A) land redistribution, state financed education, states subsidies on food
30) Q) The Egyptians forced the British and French out of the Suez Canal Zone in ________
A) 1956
31) Q) The cornerstone of Egyptian development after 1952 was _____________
A) the Aswan dam project
32) Q) In what ways did Anwar Sadat alter Egyptian policies established by the 1952 government?
A) He ended the expensive confrontation policy against Israel
33) Q) How was India Similar to Egypt following decolonization?
A) both had an emphasis on socialism and state intervention
34) Q) Who governed India in the first decades after Independence?
A) J. Nehru
35) Q) More than any other major third world nation, India was successful at preserving _____________
A) civil rights and democracy
36) Who was brought to power in Iran in 1979 through radical revolution?
A) Ayatollah Khomeini
37) In many respects, the Iranian revolution of 1979 resembled____________
A) The Mahdist revolution in the Sudan in the 1880s
38) Iran, unlike other third world nations_____________
A) had not been formally colonized by European powers, but reduced to an informal sphere of influence
39) Development schemes in Iran were forestalled because of _________________
A) a lengthy and exhausting border war with neighboring Iraq
40) Q) What European colonizer, other than Britain, was able to hold on to its colonies in Africa into the mid-1970s?
A) Portugal
41) Q) From 1948, South African politics were dominated by______________
A) the Nationalist Party
42) Q) What were the “Homelands” established by the governments of South Africa?
A) areas designated for the main ethno-linguistic groups of indigenous peoples with South Africa
43) Q) How did South Africa suppress dissent among the black population?
A) arrest of opposition leaders, use of spies, favoritism toward some leaders in order to divide opponents of apartheid
44) One of the signs of slightly diminished racial tensions in South Africa in 1990 was the freeing of this leader.
A) Nelson Mandela
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