Contagious diffusion human geography

Contagious diffusion human geography

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Contagious diffusion human geography

Contagious diffusion example ap human geography. What does contagious diffusion mean. What is hierarchical diffusion in human geography. Contagious diffusion ap human geography. Contagious diffusion definition ap human geography. Contagious diffusion human geography definition. Define contagious diffusion in human geography. Contagious diffusion human geography example.

Hierarchical diffusion is one of the six ways in which cultures can spread throughout the world (what we call; types of cultural diffusion is). What makes hierarchical diffusion unique is that it involves the diffusion of culture from the most powerful and influential people within culture. Once the influential people embrace a certain culture, the rest of the culture is more likely to follow. It can occur both within a culture (such as the spread of a trend within the United States) and between different cultures (such as the spread of elements of American culture to Asia). Some examples of hierarchical diffusion include: Parisian Fashion Diffusion Royal Fashion Trends Hollywood Trend Diffusion Music Genres (rap, etc.) Spanish Religious Inquisition Celebrity Tweets Hierarchical diffusion is a very common type of diffusion in the 21st century. Companies and brands often pay influential people (such as 128;Instagram Influenecers) to wear their clothes or use their products to try to influence entire youth subcultures. But it was also common in the past, especially in European monarchies, where kings and queens would have been the setters trends for everyone else to follow. Below are some of the best examples of hierarchical diffusion. Hierarchy Dissemination Examples 1. The most commonly used example in AP human geography courses is that of Isabella of Castile and Ferdinand of Aragon. These two separate kingdoms were united by the marriages of Ferdinand and Isabella and led to the de facto unification of Spain. We say fact fact because ? unification did not become official much later. However, through their marriage, they united the two kingdoms culturally and socially. Some reforms have been implemented, including Reconquista, which has involved the conversions of Jews and Muslims to Christianity. This type of forced spread was common in medieval Europe, and in Catholic Spain. Since these (rather brutal) cultural reforms have been applied from above in society, let us consider this an example par excellence of hierarchical diffusion. 2. Schoolyard ? Cool Kids? The simplest way to explain the hierarchical spread is to relate to when you were at school. You may have seen the cool Kids? in your class adopt a trend. Because they were cool, you may have wanted to imitate and copy the trend. If it had been a boy not so cool in class who adopted a trend you might not be so interested in doing so. This is because people with high social consideration (what we often call 'social capital') will often be trendsetters in a society . You want to be seen more as a cool guy and less as a loser guy. 3. Hollywood Films Hollywood films will often be used to spread culture to the United States and the world. There are two ways to do this. First, Hollywood films often portray internationally renowned actors such as Brad Pitt and Zac Efron wearing the latest fashion trends. This can be the trendsetter for the distribution of these new fashions to the masses. Starting from the top with the famous actors and spreading the culture by those influencers already?, this is a classic example of hierarchical diffusion of culture. Second, Hollywood movies are a super-popularizer of American culture around the world. A Hollywood movie will reach cinemas all over the world more than any other. We often call the spread of US culture in the era of Globalization 'Americanization?', which is something against which many anti-globalists lash out. (Note that this second example also has strong elements of spreading expansion). 4. Religious doctrine in the Catholic Church The Catholic Church is notoriously a centralized institution. All changes to Catholic doctrine must come They hold authority over interpretations of Scripture, as well as positions on controversial issues such as sexuality and abortion. When the brings a change to their doctrine, tricles down226; In all the culture of the Catholic Church. It affects conversations and even the actions of priests and lay people all over the world. This hierarchical way in which culture is spread is one of the most regulated examples because ? Item 128; s non-organic. For the Church there are explicit rules and instructions on how culture is monitored and changed. Five. Talk Back Radio Hosts For politicized talk back hosts, they have the ability to inspire whole movements for and against cultural issues such as gay marriage (in early 2010). Talk back radio host like Rush Limbaugh has revolutionized political culture in the United States. For Limbaugh in particular, he expressed many right-wing populist views that encouraged many people in the United States to become politically active in movements such as the Tea Party and the Republican Trump. The radio masters who talk about power have'to talk to millions of people every morning'makes them overflow. When they say something, they will be able to influence large groups of people through a culture. Six. Colin Kaepernick chose to kneel during the American national anthem in 2016 to protest against police treatment of blacks. At the time it was widely criticized by the conservative institution within the NFL and by many fans. It has not been signed to any football team in the following years, potentially because of its political opinions. However, Kaepernick's decision to kneel during the hymn also l ed to a supporting ground and was an influential moment in pushing the black Matter226; Move it. This player used his position as a powerful cultural influence to bring cultural change from top to bottom. Seven. Paris Paris Fashion is known as a fashion capital of the world. The fashions that come from influence the Western world and have done so for centuries. Paris Fashion Week occurs twice a year where where designers release their new designs. These designs can filter into the annual fashion and influence other fashion shows around the world. Eight. Real Fashion In the same way, real Fashion spread throughout the world. Maria Antonietta is famous for being a French fashion icon that has changed fashion in her time. Embrace Chemise is the Reine (fashion of Gaulle) that shocks the traditional fashion of nobility. Many nobles imitated his fashion, but this also led to widespread criticism from the French people and less nobility that his sense of fashion was excessive and even too sexualized for the time being. Today, the real observers continue to closely observe the fashion of the real ones. This is especially the case of the British royals, who remain the most prominent Western royal family of the 21st century. However, in republics as a united declaration, it is often celebrities such as Beyonce ? which are new realities and are considered for their fashion trends. The 9th. Today, celebrity tweets are a huge industry built around the influences of celebrities who tweet and Instagram photos of themselves using their favorite brands. The use of brands by powerful social icons is clearly seen as a dividend for brands, as they pay extraordinary amounts for a single tweet or photo. According to Chloe Kardashian can attract up to $8.000 for a single tweet of a brand or product. The 10th. Governmental laws and decrees Another prominent way of cultural diffusion occurs through government laws. In this case, it is a form of "forced hierarchical spread".The powerful people in society demand cultural change by banning certain behaviours. This is similar to the example of the Spanish Inquisition. But today there are many examples of this. One could be the widespread legalization of gay marriage in the early 2010's Western. Nations like Canada, the United Kingdom and the United States have legalized gay marriage, gay marriage, due to a wave from bottom to top (the opposite of hierarchical diffusion). But once the government has legalized the practice, a hierarchical return effect has been seen within the instructions. For example, in some countries health insurance providers were no longer allowed to discriminate on the basis of sexuality. Through the laws of government, cultural change can be normalized both in legal and commercial institutions, as well as ? the behaviour of people over time. Things that were once considered outside the norms can become mainstream if the government legalizes and accepts those behaviors within a culture. CORRELATIONS: Conclusion These examples of hierarchical diffusion can overlap with other examples, such as expansionist and forced diffusion. So they're not mutually exclusive. But if you are using one of these examples, I suggest you mention that it could also be considered another kind of confusion at the same time if you think that is the case. This will show the person who classifies your work that you have an in-depth knowledge of cultural diffusion and related concepts such as cultural adaptation. In order to continue enjoying our site, we ask you to confirm your identity as a human being. Thank you so much for your cooperation. In order to continue enjoying our site, we ask you to confirm your identity as a human being. Thank you so much for your cooperation. Attention: This post was written a few years ago and may not reflect the latest changes in the APA program ?. We are gradually updating these posts and removing this exclusion of responsibility when this post is updated. Thank you for your patience! Understanding religious differences is important for the field of human geography. So, how do you geographically study religion? Geographers search and the position of religions and use the results to explain why ? certain religions are widely distributed and why ? other religions are extremely concentrated. There are two types of religions for the study of human geography: human: and ethnic religions. After reading this AP? Study guide on human geography will better understand the difference between universalization and ethnic religions. We will also analyze why it is important to understand and examine the implications of the origin, distribution and spread of religions. This study guide will conclude with how universalization and ethnic religions refer to the AP ? examination of human geography. What is Religion? Before understanding the differences between universalization and ethnic religions, we must first discuss the definition of religion itself. Perhaps you have not sat down and thought of religion as a pure concept, but religion is a vital part of human culture, and helps us celebrate and understand our place in the world. Religion is a common set of beliefs and practices through which people seek harmony with the power of the universe. It is also a common way to relate a belief that focuses on a system of thought, to be invisible, to person or object that is believed to be supernatural, sacred or divine. Religion can influence the way we interact with other people and with our environment, which then forms the development of a people226; 128; a cultural landscape. The Theistic aspects of Religion Now that we know the basic definition of religion and why it is important for us to study religion as part of the AP? course of human Geography, we will now explore the different types of religions based on different factors. A factor that distinguishes different religions is the number of deities that followers worship. In this regard, monotheism and polytheism are the two classifications of religion. Religions are monotheistic because they believe in a supreme being or God. Contrary to monotheism, polytheistic religions believe in more than one deity or supreme. The polytheistic religions practised today include Hinduism and Shintoism.geographers, we must examine religions with an eye on universality and ethnicity. Origin and dominant position ethnic and universal religions, as well as helping to explain how religion spread over time. Universaling Religions First, let226;?s examines the definition of universal religion. Universal religions offer belief systems attractive to the universal population. They look for new members and welcome anyone and anyone who wants to adopt their own belief system. Universal religions have many different members, who come from different ethnic backgrounds, hence the term universal. Therefore, it is clear that universal religions consist of many different ethnic groups because they convert and accept anyone from any background and are usually not strictly linked to a single place. Christianity is the largest universal religion, both in area and in number, with about two billion adherents. Based on the teachings of Jesus, Christianity is monotheistic, believing that God is a Trinity and Jesus Christ is the Son of God. The three main branches of Christianity are Catholic, Orthodox and Protestant. Roman Catholics are predominant in southeastern Europe and Latin America, Protestants in northwestern Europe and North America, and Orthodox in Eastern Europe. The Eastern Orthodox is the largest religious faith in Greece, Cyprus and Russia. Islam is the second largest universalist religion with over a billion adherents. In Arabic, Islam means submitting to the will of God???. Those who practice Islam are Muslims, which means those who surrender to God. Islam begins with Abraham as Christianity and Judaism, but traces their history through Abraham's second wife and son, Hagar and Ishmael, not Sarah and Isaac as Christians and Jews. Their leader and prophet is Muhammad. The two branches of Islam are Sunnis and Shiites. The split between Sunni and Shia originated in a disagreement over leadership after Muhammad? 128;? death in 633 CE. Islam is the predominant in the Middle East from North Africa to Central Asia. Central. Muslims live in four countries outside the Middle East: Indonesia, Pakistan, Bangladesh and India. Buddhism Buddhism is the fourth largest religion, with about 350 million adherents. Buddhism was founded in northern India by the first known Buddha, Siddhartha Gautama. Buddhist belief is reincarnation. In this concept, people are reborn after death. You can reach Nirvana if you free their attachment to desire and self ?. Today Buddhism is a majority of faith in Southeast Asia, China and Japan. Ethnic religions In contrast to universalising religions, ethnic religions usually consist of beliefs, superstitions and rituals passed down from generation to generation within an ethnicity and culture. Only one race follows us because ? religion does not tend to convert. In some ways, ethnic religions act as a popular culture. It expands through the spread of relocations and often increases through birth rates. Ethnic religions refer strictly to the culture, ethnic heritage and physical geography of a particular place. Ethnic religions do not try to appeal to all people, but only to a group, perhaps in a single place or within a single ethnicity. Judaism and Hinduism are two main examples of ethnic religions. Induism Induism is the largest ethnic religion and the world~ the third largest religion with about a billion adherents. Induism existed before recorded history and had no specific founder. The origins of Hinduism in India are unclear; However, the oldest manuscripts date back to 1500 ECB. Induism is made up of many different religious groups evolved in India by 1500 ECB. Other religions are more centrally organized than Hinduism, and it is the task of the individual to decide the best way to worship God. The principle of reincarnation is the cornerstone of Hinduism, their doctrine closely reflects the caste system India226; 128? S Almost all Indians live in one country, India, but are also in Bangladesh, Myanmar, Sri Lanka and Nepal. Judaism Judaism Judaism an ethnic religion that has more than fourteen million followers around the world. There are six million Jews in Israel and five million in the United States. Two of the main universalist religions, Christianity and Islam, find some of their roots in Judaism, recognizing Abraham as a patriarch. The Jews believe in a true God, and the western wall of the old temple of Jerusalem is one of their most holy places. The three branches of Judaism are orthodox, conservative and reformed. Judaism is spread throughout the Middle East and North Africa, the United States, Russia and Europe. Image Source: Wikimedia Commons Religious Dissemination How did all religions get where they are today? Religions spread over time through a process called diffusion. The map shown above indicates where the identified religions are most prominent. There are two methods of dissemination: expansion and relocation. In expanding diffusion, the beliefs of a religion transmit through direct contact between believers and non-believers. This contact increases the number of believers over time both through direct contact between believers and non-believers (contagious diffusion) and through the conversion of non-believers by missionaries (hierarchical diffusion). The spread of transfer occurs when a group of believers moves to a new place, where they then spread the teachings of a religion that is often not widely known or practiced in the region. So, letle226; 128? s looks at how universalisation and ethnic religions have spread throughout the world. The first three universalizing religions spread through the expansion and spread of relocations. Everyone has a heart in Asia: Christianity in Israel, Islam in Saudi Arabia and Buddhism in India. A fireplace is an area in which a series develops cultural traits and concepts. Followers of every religion migrated, preaching the message of religions to people far beyond the home. Christianity is spread through the spread of relocations by missionaries and hierarchical hierarchies when the Roman Empire made Christianity its official religion. Christianity became the dominant religion in North and South America because of the first explorers and colonisers from Europe were Christians. Islam spread mainly through the contagious spread of military conquest in North Africa and Western Europe and through Arab traders travelling to Indonesia. Buddhism spread mainly through the spread of the transfer by missionaries and was slow to spread outside the area of origin. By definition, ethnic religions are close to the outbreak, but they spread through the spread of relocation. Unlike the universalising religions, ethnic religions have not spread mainly due to the lack of missionaries. In some cases, universalising religions, such as Christianity and Islam, replace ethnic religions. Judaism spread by the spread of Jews around the world after the Roman destruction of Jerusalem in the 1970s. Universalization and Ethnic Religions in the APA ? Examination of Human Geography The course Description of the APA ? Human geography tells you that you have to distinguish between ethnic and universalist religions. In turn, the examination of Human Geography focuses on how religion influences the elements of the cultural landscape, so focus your studies on how aspects of a religion affect the way people interact with each other. Universalist and ethnic religions appeared in the multiple choice section of the examination of Human Geography. In 2006, there were three questions about the spread of ethnic and universalising religions, but this does not mean that there will be sections in future that will be multiple choice of the examination. Conclusion This study guide briefly compared the universalising and ethnic religions, such as those religions are spread over time, and are present in the areas of the world that they are today. You can also see how each of these religions within the areas has evolved and impacted each other. After reading this ? WATER ? be more confident about this section of AP? ? Human Geography and are prepared for the Human Geography exam. Are you prepared for the Human Geography exam on this subject? If you want to pass the Human Geography exam, you need to read the one-month Guide to the Study of Human Geography. To help you apply this guide to exam study in the best way, here is an example from Barron?'s AP?? Human Geography Practice Test. When religions work to expand their membership by converting others to their belief systems, they are called ethnic universalizing secular tribal animist.Answer: B Universalizing religions, such as Christianity, Buddhism, and Islam, all seek to convert new believers to their religions and are thus global (or universal) in their spread.. Let's put it all into practice. Try this AP? ? Human Geography Practice Question: Looking for More AP? ?The Practice of Human Geography? Discover our other articles on AP? Human Geography. You can also find thousands of practice questions on Albert.io. Albert.io allows you to customize your learning experience to target practice where you need help most. We will give you challenging practical questions to help you achieve mastery in Human Geography. Start practicing here. Are you a teacher or administrator interested in stimulating the results of AP?Human Geography students? Learn more about our school licenses here. here.

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