Personality Theories - Queensborough Community College

Personality Theories

? Consistent or distinctive tendencies to behave in a certain way.

? Implies some consistency across situations

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12?1

Psychoanalytic Theory

? Developed by Sigmund Freud ? Importance of instincts

? Sexual instinct ? Aggressive instinct

? Instincts must be balanced with social acceptability

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12?2

Levels of Consciousness (Figure 12.1)

Psychoanalytic Theory: Structure of Personality

? Id

? Unconscious drives and instincts ? Follows the pleasure principle, instant gratification

? Ego

? Follows the reality principle ? Balancing id's demands with social approval

? Superego

? Moral guardian, conscience

? May impose self-punishment, guilt, shame

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12?4

Psychosexual Stages of Development

? Oral: birth to 12-18 months old

? Pleasure through sucking, mouthing, chewing

? Anal: 18-36 months

? Ability to control elimination

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