SUCCESSION AND LIMITING FACTORS



SUCCESSION AND LIMITING FACTORS

OBJECTIVES: COS 14b Describing the process of ecological succession

14a Relating natural disasters, climate changes, nonnative species, an

human activity to the dynamic equilibrium of ecosystems.

LEARNING TARGET: I can distinguish between primary and secondary succession and

relate to pioneer species and climax communities.

BEFORE

I. Warm-up

A. Distinguish between primary succession and community succession (Primary succession occurs on surfaces that are bare rock or where glaciers have melted where there is NOT soil. Secondary succession is where an ecosystem has been restored from a ecological disturbance.)

B. Distinguish between pioneer species and climax community? (Pioneer species first to populate an area during primary succession. Climax community stable community of the dominant plants/animals of the ecosystem.)

C. Relate exponential growth and logistic growth to ecological succession. (Logistic growth resembles the logistic growth curve because at the end of the logistic growth there is a stable community at the carrying capacity much like a climax community of secondary succession. All growth begins as exponential growth.)

LEARING TARGET: I can distinguish between density-dependent and density-independent

limiting factors.

DURING

II. DENSITY-DEPENDENT LIMITING FACTORS

A. Affect populations that are LARGE

B. Examples

1. competition (food, water, shelter, territory, mates, sunlight, space)

2. disease (spreads when organisms are living close to one another)

3. parasitism (parasites can move from organism to organism when there is crowded conditions)

4. predation (predators flock to where there are large numbers of prey because easier to catch when population is large)

III. DENSITY-INDEPENDENT FACTORS

A. Affect populations regardless of size (small or large equally affected)

B. Examples

1. natural disasters

2. seasonal cycles

3. weather

4. human activities (cutting trees, mining)

LEARNING TARGET: I can explain conservation methods to help manage ecosystem

populations.

AFTER

IV. Conservation Management of Wildlife

A. Predator—Prey Introduction

B. Deer—Wolf Predation Case Study Graphing

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