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SS.7.C.3.3: Illustrate the structure and function (three of branches of government established in Articles I, II, and III with corresponding powers) of government in the United States as established in the Constitution.Learning Goals/Benchmark ClarificationsStudents will recognize the structure of the legislative, executive, and judicial branches. The U. S. government is made up of three separate branches: the legislative, the executive, and the judicial. Each branch is organized very differently. -11430011557000The legislative branch includes the House of Representatives and the Senate. Together they are the lawmaking body of the United States called Congress. Article I of the Constitution discusses the powers and organization of Congress. The main job of the legislative branch is to make laws. The major items in Article I include: The United States will have a two-house legislature.There is a list of specific powers given to Congress.The second branch of the U.S. government is the executive branch. The executive branch includes the President and Vice President. The main job of the executive branch is to enforce the laws. Article II of the Constitution outlines the powers of the President.The third branch of the U.S. government is the judicial branch. The judicial branch includes the U.S. Supreme Court and all lower courts including federal, state, and local courts. Article III of the Constitution states that there is “one supreme Court” and “inferior Courts as the Congress may from time to time ordain and establish.” Article III names only the Supreme Court and allows Congress to create all other federal, state, and local court systems.Students will compare the roles and responsibilities of the three branches of the federal government.Each branch of the U.S. government has its own set of jobs and responsibilities. Also, the Constitution sets up a system of checks and balances that allows each branch to limit the power of the other branches. Checks and balances prevent any one branch from becoming too powerful. The chart on the following page describes one of the roles of government and illustrates the system of checks and balances.14382751206500Branch of GovernmentRole: Making LawsLegislativeThe legislative branch makes the laws; Congress can override a presidential veto with 2/3rds of each house voting to do so.ExecutiveThe executive branch enforces the laws; the president can veto a law if the President does not want a bill to become law.JudicialThe judicial branch interprets the laws; the Supreme Court may determine that a law is not legal under the Constitution and strike down the law.130492520002500TASK: Analyze the political cartoon and answer the question that follows. QUESTION: Explain how this cartoon illustrates the roles and responsibilities of the three branches of government. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Students will identify the general powers described in Articles I, II, and III of the U.S. Constitution.Articles of the ConstitutionGeneral PowersArticle I: Legislative BranchThe legislative branch is made up of the House of Representatives and the Senate, also called Congress. Congress makes the laws for the entire nation.In Article I, Section 8 of the US Constitution the powers of Congress are enumerated. These include:The power to collect taxesThe power to coin moneyThe power to make laws on immigrationThe power to make laws on tradeThe power to create an army and navyThe power to impeach and remove officials from office7. To approve presidential appointmentsArticle II: Executive BranchThe executive branch is made up of the President and Vice President. The President enforces the laws that Congress makes.Article II of the Constitution describes the powers of the President. These powers include:The power to enforce the laws (Chief Executive; “he shall take Care that the Laws be faithfully executed”)The power to send troops into combat (Commander in Chief; “ThePresident shall be Commander in Chief of the Army and Navy of the United States, and of the Militia of the several States”)The power to make treaties with leaders of other nationsThe power to nominate people to serve in the Cabinet, the SupremeCourt, and other high government positionsThe power to grant pardons, except in cases of impeachmentArticle III: Judicial BranchThe judicial branch is made up of the United States Supreme Court and all of the lower courts including federal, state, and local courts.Article III of the Constitution describes the powers of the Supreme Court. These include:The power of original jurisdiction (the power to be the first court to hear case) for cases that involve:a. Ambassadorsb. Maritime (navy) issuesc. Arguments between two or more statesd. Problems that involve the United States governmentAll other cases not listed above come to the Court through their appellate jurisdiction. (The Supreme Court hears a case that has been heard by a lower court first.)4286250TASK: Analyze the political cartoon below, using the analysis worksheet to explain the general powers as described in Articles I, II, and III. 00TASK: Analyze the political cartoon below, using the analysis worksheet to explain the general powers as described in Articles I, II, and III. After reading the benchmark review and completing the tasks, answer the practice item. Choose the letter of the correct response, and explain WHY it is correct. Then, explain why the other options are incorrect.Question: How are the responsibilities of the legislative and executive branches of government different when it comes to treaties? A. U.S. Senate proposes treaties; the president carries out foreign treaties.B. U.S. Senate negotiates foreign treaties; the president approves treaties.C. U.S. Senate carries out foreign treaties; the president proposes treaties.D. U.S. Senate ratifies treaties; the president negotiates foreign treaties.Question: The newspaper headline below describes an event in U.S. history.Source: Public DomainWhich parts of the national government participated in the process described in the newspaper headline?A. Senate and PresidentB. House of Representatives and SenateC. Supreme Court and PresidentD. Supreme Court and House of Representative ................
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