FRAGMENTS AND RUN-ON REVIEW
Grammar
SENTENCE FRAGMENT
A sentence fragment is a group of words that does not express a complete thought. It may be missing a verb, it may be missing a subject, it may be missing a subject and a verb or it may be just phrase that starts with a word indicating time or the word “because.”
For example:
A sentence fragment may be missing a verb- A young boy.
(A young boy did what? Cried? Yelled? Thought?)
It may be missing a subject-Asked for more pasta.
(Who asked for more pasta? Your mom? The coach? Frank?)
It may be missing a subject and a verb- To the back of the classroom.
(Who? And what did they do? Walked? Ran? Looked?)
It may be just a phrase that starts with a word about time or “because”- After I ran the marathon.
(What happened? You fainted? You cried?)
The opposite of a sentence fragment is a complete sentence
How do you recognize a fragment?
Just look to make sure that the sentence has a subject (who or what is doing the action) and a verb (the action.) If a sentence starts with a word about time or the word because, there must be something after it to explain the reasoning. For example, “Because I was ready, we left early.”
Consider a very short sentence. “I am.” It is only three letters, but it has a subject “I” and a verb “am.” If it does not have these two things it is a fragment.
However you will be able to recognize most fragments. They just won’t sound right!
Practice Exercise #1- Decide if the sentences below are sentence fragments or complete sentences. If they are fragments, edit or add to the sentences to become complete.
1. My uncle Dan. Fragment? ____________
2. Ran down the street. Fragment? ____________
3. The cast of the musical sang. Fragment? ____________
4. Because I am fourteen. Fragment? ____________
Practice Exercise #2: Mark C for a complete sentence, and mark F for a fragment.
1. _______ As we wait for the rain to stop
2. _______ When Alex phones
3. _______ She goes to Centennial College
4. _______ Until you eat your vegetables
5. _______ They plan to visit Nova Scotia this summer
6. _______ Ate at a famous restaurant
7. _______ Even though I was tired
8. _______ While working the night shift
9. _______ For example, hockey and skating
10. _______ Expecting to hear from you soon
11. _______ Before you leave
12. _______ While they were gone to the grocery store.
13. _______ Going to Florida and to Jamaica for Spring Break.
14. _______ Before the children have to go to bed.
15. _______ They are beautiful.
16. _______ Three of us went on the retreat.
17. _______ Because she had gone to her friend's house late at night without asking for permission.
18. _______ She won't eat them.
19. _______ I don't know when she's coming back.
20. _______ Since they left early in the morning.
21. _______ Mike doesn't know.
22. _______ Don't go into that room alone.
23. _______ After you return from the store.
24. _______ Because education is important.
25. _______ We are leaving at 3:00.
26. _______ Since she was dressed in white.
27. _______ While he is planning to be in Europe for the summer.
28. _______ There is nobody to help her.
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