FY14 State Unmanned Aircraft System Challenge: Precision ...
Design NameSubmitted in Response to the Real World Design ChallengeSubmitted byTeam NameTeam Member Names (list team members, with email addresses and phone numbers, and designate team leader)School/Organization NameAddress DateMentor(s)/Advisor(s): Mentor NameMentor Contact Info (Address, Phone, E-mail)Team/Coach Validating Signatures:Participating students/team members completed Formative Surveys: ___________________________________________________________________An electronic signature is expected.[REMOVE: While the template is provided for convenience as a Word document, it is highly recommended that the report is submitted as a PDF to ensure proper formatting]Table of Contents TOC \o "1-3" \h \z \u Executive Summary PAGEREF _Toc17639580 \h 1Specification Sheet PAGEREF _Toc17639581 \h 21.Team Engagement PAGEREF _Toc17639582 \h 31.1 Team Formation and Project Operation PAGEREF _Toc17639583 \h 31.2 Acquiring and Engaging Mentors PAGEREF _Toc17639584 \h 31.3 State the Project Goal PAGEREF _Toc17639585 \h 31.4 Tool Set-up/Learning/Validation PAGEREF _Toc17639586 \h 31.5 Impact on STEM PAGEREF _Toc17639587 \h 32.Document the System Design PAGEREF _Toc17639588 \h 42.1 Conceptual, Preliminary, and Detailed Design PAGEREF _Toc17639589 \h 42.2 Selection of System Components PAGEREF _Toc17639590 \h 52.3 Component and Complete Flight Vehicle Weight and Balance PAGEREF _Toc17639591 \h 52.4 Operational Maneuver Analysis PAGEREF _Toc17639592 \h 62.5 Three View of Final Design PAGEREF _Toc17639593 \h 63.Document the Missions PAGEREF _Toc17639594 \h 73.1 Concept of Operations PAGEREF _Toc17639595 \h 73.2 Urban Flight PAGEREF _Toc17639596 \h 73.3 Mission Requirements PAGEREF _Toc17639597 \h 83.4 Regulations and Additional Safety PAGEREF _Toc17639598 \h 94.Document the Business Case PAGEREF _Toc17639599 \h 104.1 Cost Analysis PAGEREF _Toc17639600 \h 104.2 Cost/Benefits Analysis and Justification PAGEREF _Toc17639601 \h 115.Conclusion PAGEREF _Toc17639602 \h 116.References PAGEREF _Toc17639603 \h 117.Writing/Format [Remove this section from Final Document] PAGEREF _Toc17639604 \h 117.1 References and Citations PAGEREF _Toc17639605 \h 127.2 Tone of Writing/Professional Appearance PAGEREF _Toc17639606 \h 127.3 Figures and Tables PAGEREF _Toc17639607 \h 13List of Figures TOC \h \z \c "Figure" Figure 1. Three view of final unmanned system design. PAGEREF _Toc17639466 \h 6Figure 2. Description phrase to be used as title and description. [If not original] Reprinted [or adapted] from Title (page number), by Author first initial. Second initial. Surname, year, place of publication: Publisher. Copyright [Year] by the Name. PAGEREF _Toc17639467 \h 14List of Tables TOC \h \z \c "Table" No table of figures entries found.Executive Summary[One page summary includes brief narrative describing the design solution. Judges will be looking for a high level (less technical in style for this section) overview of how you solved the problem. This summary should be written so you give a short comprehensive description of your solution. A person reading this one-page summary will understand your solution without needing specific technical expertise nor knowing the specifics of the problem being solved. (In the event of two teams having close scores at any level of the competition, this section will be used as a "tiebreaker." A special judges committee will use this summary to resolve any judging disputes between teams with close scores, especially at the National competition.)]Specification Sheet[This section provides an overview of your system by listing important physical and performance characteristics. If more than one aircraft design is used, provide separate tables for each aircraft.]CriteriaValueMaximum Takeoff WeightWingspan (fixed-wing) or Max Width (other)Maximum Airspeed during MissionMaximum Altitude during MissionMaximum Endurance of AircraftMaximum Range of AircraftTeam Engagement1.1 Team Formation and Project Operation[Explain the degree to which teams develop a strategy to win that includes establishing leadership in project management, science, engineering, mathematics, marketing and communications, etc. What skill set does each member bring to the team?]1.2 Acquiring and Engaging Mentors[Describe the degree to which your team worked aggressively to identify and leverage mentors early and throughout the challenge process.]1.3 State the Project Goal[Demonstrate understanding of the parts of the Challenge Statement and how they relate to the project goal. Has the team listed and demonstrated an understanding of each system element and the relationship to the design solution?]1.4 Tool Set-up/Learning/Validation[Degree to which the team described how they overcame challenges and came up with workable solutions for technical issues: installing and operating tools (CAD), learning to use the tools, and validating that the tools are working as needed.]1.5 Impact on STEM[Discuss how participating in this challenge has influenced your perspectives on STEM and on your potential career paths. Also discuss the impact the Challenge has had on STEM interest in your school.]Document the System Design2.1 Conceptual, Preliminary, and Detailed Design[Discuss research, analysis, design decisions, and supporting rationale for each of the following: (Sketches of the different concepts through the design process must be included. Sketches may be in one large design flow graphic or in the individual design sections. Missing conceptual, preliminary, or detailed sketches will result in half the points lost in their respective section.) (provide introduction here if desired but not required)]2.1.1 Engineering Design Process[Discuss the engineering design processes you used. Include conceptual, preliminary and detailed design phases.]2.1.2 Conceptual Design [Discuss the many conceptual designs you considered early in the process. Identify how many conceptual designs were considered and why you came up with those designs. (See requirement of sketches above)]2.1.3 Preliminary Design[Explain how and why you narrowed down the number of designs you were considering based on the merits of each design (advantages and disadvantages). (See requirement of sketches above)]2.1.4 Detailed Design [Discuss the refinement and analysis processes leading to final design. What data analyses were performed to confirm viability of design and appropriateness of element/component selections? (See requirement of sketches above)]2.1.5 Lessons Learned[Discuss key lessons that were learned in each design phase.]2.1.6 Project Plan Updates and Modifications[Discuss the process of how your team developed a timeline to accomplish the challenge showing milestones to come up with your final solution. You must show a Gantt chart or similar type of project management chart detailing project timeline with tasks and milestones.]2.2 Selection of System Components [Discuss selection of key design items, including selection process, design decisions, and supporting rationale for each of the following: (provide introduction here if desired but not required)]2.2.1 Payload Selection[Provide a detailed description of the components selected for the payload (not including package) including cost, items required, and justification of why components are the most appropriate/beneficial option available.]2.2.2 Air Vehicle Element Selection[Provide detailed description of components selected for the air vehicle element (airframe configuration, power plant [propulsion], flight controls, and onboard sensors) including cost, number required, and justification of why components are the most appropriate/beneficial option available. Is the aircraft appropriate for the conditions expected when performing the mission?]2.2.3 Command, Control, and Communications (C3) Selection[Provide detailed description of components selected for the C3 element (user interface, control station, control type [autonomous, semi, and/or manual], and communications equipment) including cost, number required, and justification of why components are the most appropriate/beneficial option available.]2.2.4 Support Equipment Selection[Provide detailed description of components selected for the support equipment element including cost, number required, and justification of why components are the most appropriate/beneficial option available.]2.2.5 Human Resource Selection[Provide detailed description of components selected for the human resource element (crew and operators) including cost, number required, and justification of why components are the most appropriate/beneficial option available.]2.3 Component and Complete Flight Vehicle Weight and Balance[Provide results of the weight and center of gravity analyses. Location of the center of gravity must be provided numerically (from a datum point) and graphically. The graphical location of the center of gravity may be shown on the 3-view of the design (Section 2.5), but if on the 3-view, it must be referenced and discussed in this section.]2.4 Operational Maneuver Analysis[Demonstrate, by analysis, that the vehicle can perform required maneuvers to support your proposed flight operations.]2.5 Three View of Final Design [Include a 3-view diagram of your design with dimensions.][Example] The following, REF _Ref385858515 \h \* MERGEFORMAT Figure 1, depicts the three view of the final unmanned system design.[ADD FIGURE-CENTERED]Figure SEQ Figure \* ARABIC 1. Three view of final unmanned system design.Document the Missions3.1 Concept of Operations[Describe how the system will be operated during the different mission phases. Keep in mind the expectations for all stakeholders (the company, the operators, package recipients, city organizations, city residents, etc.) (provide introduction here if desired but not required)]3.1.1 Pre-Mission[Detail the pre-mission. Include steps to prepare aircraft for mission (loading package, checking correct fuel/charge, programming flight path, completing final safety check of aircraft and environment, etc.). Where are pre-mission steps completed (all in one area including launch area or different areas within the hub)? Who performs the different tasks?]3.1.2 Flight to Delivery Location[Detail how your system completes the flight to the delivery location. What communication is required between aircraft and hub, between aircraft and controller(s), between different aircraft, etc.? Detail flight within a flight corridor and within a delivery neighborhood.]3.1.3 Package Delivery[Detail the package delivery method used by the aircraft.]3.1.4 Return Flight to Hub[Detail how your system completes the return flight back to the hub. What communication is required between aircraft and hub, between aircraft and controller(s), between different aircraft, etc.? Detail flight within a flight corridor and within a delivery neighborhood.]3.1.5 Post-Mission[Detail the post-mission. Describe steps to prepare aircraft for another mission. Describe steps after final mission of the day for the aircraft. Where is aircraft prepared? Where is aircraft stored? Who performs the tasks?]3.2 Urban Flight[Describe how the system operates in the urban environment under challenge specific requirements. (provide introduction here if desired but not required)]3.2.1 Flight Corridors[Detail the selection of the flight corridors. Show locations of the flight corridors. Describe how the locations of the flight corridors were selected.]3.2.2 Flight in Delivery Neighborhoods[Describe how aircraft flight in the delivery neighborhoods minimizes disturbances to residents.]3.2.3 Flight Logistics[Describe how your company monitors and controls multiple aircraft. How many aircraft per person and why? How do you ensure safe flight? Can the hub safely handle the number of aircraft?]3.3 Mission Requirements[Explain how the design of your UAS was affected by the mission requirements. (provide introduction here if desired but not required)]3.3.1 Guidance without GPS[Detail your guidance system. Include how you deal with signal interference in the city and explain how your design accurately navigates when GPS signal is lost.]3.3.2 Obstacle Avoidance[Describe how your design detects and avoids known and unknown stationary objects. Describe how your design detects and avoids moving objects. Explain how your aircraft will stay at least 1?m away from stationary and moving objects.]3.3.3 Beyond Line of Sight[Describe how your aircraft operates beyond line of site. Include how your pilot is able to take control of the system when needed.]3.3.4 Fuel/Charge Reserve[Describe impact of 20-min fuel/charge reserve on aircraft/system design. Document that 20-min fuel/charge reserve is included in missions to each delivery area that is serviced.]3.3.5 One Engine Out Condition[Describe impact of the one engine out condition on aircraft/system design. Describe how the aircraft can maintain altitude and controllable flight with the loss of one engine. Describe situations and company protocols when there is an one engine out condition. Does the aircraft return to the hub, continue the mission, fly to a safe landing location, etc.?]3.3.6 Emergency Landings[What procedure does your design have for an emergency landing or failure of the aircraft (not including one engine out condition)? Include: (a) How does it find a location to land to minimize property damage and injury to people? (b) List how you give audio and visual cues in the event of an emergency. (c) Define how either propellers on fixed-wing aircraft are foldable and are not spinning during landing or rotors on aircraft are enclosed so that the blade tip cannot strike any object.]3.4 Regulations and Additional Safety[Describe how your system fits within the current Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) regulations on unmanned aircraft (Part 107). Where is your system within the regulations and where is your system outside the regulations (designs are not required to fit within the FAA Part 107 regulations)? Explain any additional safety features or procedures for your design to account for possible emergency scenarios and for any part of your design that is outside of the FAA regulations. These safety features are in addition to those already discussed in section 3.3.]Document the Business Case4.1 Cost Analysis[You will be assessing the costs related to your operations versus the money received for delivering packages. Teams should understand how money earned is used to pay for both fixed and variable costs and allow them to be profitable. (provide introduction here if desired but not required)]4.1.1 Operating Costs[Explain what the total operating cost (variable costs) would be for your system. Make sure to describe the following: (a) The cost of flying packages on one day, including the breakdown of what is included [5 pts]. (b) Describe the differences in operating costs for flying to the different locations for package delivery [10 pts]. (c) Describe how the cost to fly your UAS in each of the possible package delivery areas affected your choice in the areas you chose to service [10 pts]. (Hint: Remember variable costs are only things consumed on the mission such as labor and fuel).]4.1.2 Fixed Costs[Describe what your total fixed costs (cost of equipment and the vehicles) are for your plan. Give both a total fixed cost [5 pts] and a description of how much you are spending on the Air Vehicle including payload (not the cost of the package), C3 equipment, and support equipment [5 pts].]4.1.3 Profit Analysis[Look at how much you are likely to make over a 30-day period. Describe how much you will be spending from your total income each day (money you get for delivering packages before expenses) [5Pts]. Describe your total operating expenses (cost to fly) per day [5 Pts]. Describe your net income (total income - operating expenses) for one day [5 Pts]. Describe how much you will make over a 30-day period [5 Pts].]4.1.3 Break Even Analysis[Describe how much time it will take for you to pay for your fixed costs. Explain how long it will take to pay for your initial investment into your fixed costs based on how much money you are making each day. Describe how long it will take to reach your break even point (the point which your net income equals your fixed costs.]4.2 Cost/Benefits Analysis and Justification[Clearly show your cost/benefits analysis that drove your major design choices and payload selection. (Why is your vehicle able to do its missions less expensively than another, or why is it a better value?) Place special emphasis on justifying the decisions your team made with respect to cost when compared to other options. What was necessary to find a balanced approach to maximize efforts? How do the missions add value for the company by saving time, saving money, and/or performing jobs better?]Conclusion[Provide a brief conclusion to your engineering notebook. Summarize the important aspects of your design. Why your design is the best design for this challenge (make sure to base your argument on the analysis and justification you provided in your Engineering Design Notebook)? Be sure to justify all the design choices that you made.]ReferencesThis is where the details of any reference citations are maintained. Do not include a reference citation in the References section if it has not been directly cited in the body of this document. These references should be ordered alphabetically. If any of the references have the same author and year, place in order by the first word in the title and add an alphabetical identifier to the year (e.g., 2012a) and ensure this year and identifier is used in any in-text citations.See the following list for APA formatting of required references: [Remove this section from Final Document]Neat, orderly and readable, font size no smaller than 11 pt Arial throughout with 1.5 line spacing, except in Executive Summary, Captions and References (single spaced); pages numbered. Letter size paper (8.5 in by 11 in) with 1-in margins. The Engineering Design Notebook should follow the paragraph order of the Scoring Rubric including paragraph numbering. The Design Notebook submission is to be limited to 80 pages maximum including cover page and appendices. Additional points may be deducted in individual sections if content is not in correct location or hard to understand. Sections past the 80-page limit will receive a score of 0. 7.1 References and CitationsReference citations are to be used, where appropriate, to support work. Use the following research and reference guidelines in the development of your submission:You should have references identifying the merit of your proposed research and supporting any assertions you make. As part of this process, you need to perform a basic literature review and identify supporting material as part of your proposal. Add references and citations to support why your research is worth pursuing. What is the value of performing it? What will it identify that other research has not? Provide some detail regarding any problems or issues that can be used as rationale to support why this is valuable.Add a supporting citation to every sentence that is not entirely your own observation. It is good practice to use supporting citations as it lends credibility to what you are stating. Add citations throughout document when you state something that is not your own original thought. If you do not cite a source and it is not your original thought, it is PLAGIARISM.When you have more than one sentence in your quote use a block quote format. See References->Direct Quotation on the Purdue online writers lab (OWL) website for further detail: the following block quotation:Every sentence that contains information that is not ENTIRELY your own words or thoughts needs to contain the citation for the source from which it came. Even if this means citing almost every sentence of a paragraph, it must be done. You can, however, build citations into your sentence throughout the paragraph to avoid an excess of parenthetical documentation at the end of each sentence (APA Frequently Asked Questions…, p.2).All direct quotes need a page, section, or paragraph number reference (e.g., Terwilliger, 2012, p. 4).7.2 Tone of Writing/Professional AppearanceAvoid an informal or narrative tone. Instead, focus on use of formal tone in academic writing as described in the following material: the following grammatical and writing guidelines in the development of your submission:Always spell checkFirst time use should define an acronym. For example, “The use of unmanned aircraft systems (UAS) has served to reduce risk to humans by removing the crew from a hazardous operating environment (U.S. GAO, 2008).” Subsequent uses through the remainder of the document should be, “UAS.”Paragraphs should be at least three sentences longSpell out numbers under 10Use numerals for numbers over nineWhen referring to a variable, such as population (N), it should be in italicsRefrain from using contractions (e.g., don’t, can’t, didn’t, etc…). Avoid colloquial, superlative, or slang expressions in scientific/academic writing (e.g., on the other hand)Refrain from self-referencing (e.g., I, myself, me) in scientific/research writing. If you must refer to yourself, do it in the third person. For example, the researcher will…7.3 Figures and TablesFigure and table reference should appear in the following format (always precede the caption and image/table with an in-text reference to explain or depict the connection to the text). For example, REF _Ref338660786 \h \* MERGEFORMAT Figure 2 depicts an example for the purposes of explaining figure use, reference, and appearance.Figure SEQ Figure \* ARABIC 2. Description phrase to be used as title and description. [If not original] Reprinted [or adapted] from Title (page number), by Author first initial. Second initial. Surname, year, place of publication: Publisher. Copyright [Year] by the Name.See the following for more detail concerning figure uses: ................
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