FACTORS AFFECT EMPLOYEES’ PERFORMANCE

[Pages:157]Factors Affect Employees' Performance In Hotel Industry 2014

FACTORS AFFECT EMPLOYEES' PERFORMANCE IN HOTEL INDUSTRY

By

CHNG HUI CHEI HEE CUI YEE

LIEW POOI MEN LOKE LOO BEE A research project submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement for

the degree of BACHELOR OF BUINESS ADMINISTRATION

(HONS) UNIVERSITI TUNKU ABDUL RAHMAN FACULTY OF BUSINESS AND FINANCE

DEPARTMENT OF BUSINESS MARCH 2014

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Factors Affect Employees' Performance In Hotel Industry 2014

Copyright @ 2014 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. No part of this paper may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, graphic, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, scanning, or otherwise, without the prior consent of the authors.

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Factors Affect Employees' Performance In Hotel Industry 2014

DECLARATION

We hereby declare that:

(1) This undergraduate research project is the end result of our own work and that due acknowledgement has been given in the references to ALL sources of

information be they printed, electronic, or personal. (2) No portion of this research project has been submitted in support of any

application for any other degree or qualification of this or any other university, or other institutes of learning. (3) Equal contribution has been made by each group member in completing the research project. (4) The word count of this research report is 18626.

Name of Student:

1. CHNG HUI CHEI 2. HEE CUI YEE 3. LIEW POOI MEN 4. LOKE LOO BEE

Student ID:

11 ABB07317 09 ABB03886 12 ABB06027 11 ABB06465

Signature:

Date: 5th March 2014

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Factors Affect Employees' Performance In Hotel Industry 2014

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

First and foremost, we would like to thank University Tunku Abdul Rahman (UTAR) for giving us the opportunity to conduct this research during our learning period. During the period of conducting this research, we have learned a lot of knowledge and experience which may help us in our future undertakings. Besides, the UTAR facilities such as library, computer lab and department of business have provided us with the necessary information and documents so that we can conduct our research smoothly.

Also, we should not forget our respectful supervisor, Ms. Azeyan bt Awee who always guides and gives us the comments & advises in our research so that we can complete our research on time and without any problems. Although she was busy in the meeting she chose to sacrifice her precious time in answering and guiding us during the whole research period.

Finally, we also appreciate the output of the entire group members since we have been fully co-operating and giving suggestions during the conduct of the research. Something worth noting is that we have sacrificed the valuable time to complete this research study. Once again, we would like to thank all those who helped in our research.

Thanks everyone.

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Factors Affect Employees' Performance In Hotel Industry 2014

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page Copyright Page.........................................................................ii Declaration ........................................................................ iii Acknowledgement .................................................................... iv Table of Contents .......................................................................v List of Tables ............................................................................x List of Figures ............................................................................xii List of Appendices .....................................................................xiii Preface ...................................................................................xiv Abstract ...................................................................................xv

CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION .................................................... 1 1.0 Introduction............................................................. 1 1.1 Research Background................................................... 2 1.2 Problem Statement ........................................................5 1.3 Research Objectives ..................................................... 9 1.3.1 General Objective................................................................ 9 1.3.2 Specific Objectives............................................... 9 1.4 Research Questions..................................................... 10 1.5 Hypotheses of the Study............................................... 11 1.6 Significant of the Study ............................................... 12 1.7 Chapter Layout......................................................... 13 1.8 Conclusion .............................................................. 13

CHAPTER 2 LITERATURE REVIEW ............................................. 14 2.0 Introduction ............................................................. 14 2.1 Review of the Literature ............................................... 15

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Factors Affect Employees' Performance In Hotel Industry 2014

2.1.1 Employee Performance ........................................ 15 2.1.2 Empowerment................................................... 17 2.1.3 Transformational Leadership.................................. 20 2.1.4 Teamwork....................................................... 23 2.1.5 Work Environment............................................. 25 2.2 Review of Relevant Theoretical Models............................ 27 2.2.1 Empowerment..................................................... 27 2.2.2 Transformational Leadership................................... 30 2.2.3 Teamwork......................................................... 32 2.2.4 Work Environment............................................... 33 2.3 Proposed Theoretical / Conceptual Framework.......................35 2.3.1 Empowerment..................................................... 36 2.3.2 Transformational Leadership................................... 36 2.3.3 Teamwork......................................................... 37 2.3.4 Work Environment.............................................. 38 2.4 Hypothesis Development .............................................. 39 2.4.1 Empowerment.................................................... 39 2.4.2 Transformational Leadership.................................. 40 2.4.3 Teamwork........................................................ 41 2.4.4 Work Environment............................................. 42 2.5 Conclusion............................................................... 43 CHAPTER 3 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY.................................... 44 3.0 Introduction.............................................................. 44 3.1 Research Design........................................................ 44 3.2 Data Collection Methods.............................................. 45 3.2.1 Primary Data ..................................................... 45 3.2.2 Secondary Data.................................................. 46 3.3 Sampling Design ........................................................ 46 3.3.1 Target Population .................................................. 46 3.3.2 Sampling Frame and Sampling Location ....................... 47 3.3.3 Sampling Elements ................................................ 47

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3.3.4 Sampling Techniques ............................................ 47 3.3.5 Sampling Size .................................................... 48 3.4 Research Instrument .................................................... 49 3.4.1 Questionnaire Survey............................................. 50 3.4.2 Questionnaire Design............................................ 50 3.4.3 Pilot Studies....................................................................... 51 3.5 Constructs Measurement ..............................................51 3.5.1 Nominal Scale.................................................... 52 3.5.2 Ordinal Scale..................................................... 52 3.5.3 Likert Scale....................................................... 53 3.6 Data Processing......................................................... 54 3.7 Data Analysis .......................................................... 55 3.7.1 Descriptive Analysis ............................................ 55 3.7.2 Reliability Test ..................................................... 55 3.7.3 Inferential Analysis.................................................... 57

3.7.3.1 Pearson Correlation Coefficient Analysis........ 57 3.7.3.2 Multiple Regression Analysis..................... 58 3.8 Conclusion .............................................................58 CHAPTER 4 DATA ANALYSIS........................................................ 59 4.0 Introduction............................................................ 59 4.1 Descriptive Analysis ................................................. 59 4.1.1 Respondent Demographic Profile ................................ 60 4.1.1.1 Gender .............................................................. 61 4.1.1.2 Age................................................................... 62 4.1.1.3 Race.................................................................. 63 4.1.1.4 Educational Level.............................................. 64 4.1.1.5 Year of Employment......................................... 66 4.1.2 Central Tendencies Measurement of Construct.......... 67 4.1.2.1 Empowerment....................................... 67 4.1.2.2 Transformational Leadership...................... 69 4.1.2.3 Teamwork........................................... 70

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Factors Affect Employees' Performance In Hotel Industry 2014

4.1.2.4 Work Environment................................. 71 4.1.2.5 Employee' Performance........................... 72 4.2 Scale Measurement .................................................. 73 4.3 Inferential Analysis .................................................. 74 4.3.1 Pearson Correlation Coefficient............................. 75 4.3.1.1 Empowerment......................................... 76 4.3.1.2 Transformational Leadership....................... 77 4.3.1.3 Teamwork.......................................... 79 4.3.1.4 Work Environment................................. 81 4.3.2 Multiple Regressions Analysis....................... 83 4.4 Conclusion............................................................. 88 CHAPTER 5 DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION ........................... 89 5.0 Introduction........................................................... 89 5.1 Summary of Statistical Analyses .................................. 89 5.1.1 Summary of Descriptive Analyses............................ 89 5.1.2 Summary of Inferential Analyses............................. 90 5.1.2.1 Reliability Test...................................... 90 5.1.2.2 Pearson Correlation Coefficient................... 90 5.1.2.3 Multiple Regressions Analysis.......................... 91 5.2 Discussion of Major Finding .................................................... 91 5.2.1 Empowerment..................................................... 92 5.2.2 Transformational Leadership.................................. 93 5.2.3 Teamwork......................................................... 94 5.2.4 Work Environment.............................................. 94 5.3 Implication of the study............ ................................... 95 5.3.1 Theoretical Implications........................................ 95 5.3.2 Managerial Implications........................................ 96 5.4 Limitations of the study............................................... 97 5.5 Recommendations for Future Research............................... 98 5.6 Conclusion............................................................. 99

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