Chemistry Midterm Study Guide
Chemistry Midterm Study Guide
Measurement:
Identify examples of quantitative measurement and qualitative descriptions
Convert metric units
Count significant digits
Round calculations to the correct number of significant digits
Distinguish between accuracy and precision.
List the 7 fundamental SI units.
Calculate density problems
Identify fundamental and derived units.
Atomic structure and theory
State and explain the law of conservation of mass.
State Dalton’s atomic theory and compare it to the modern atomic theory.
Explain the contributions Thomson and Rutherford made to our understanding of the atom.
Explain their experiments and the results.
Know the properties of and location of electrons, protons, neutrons, and nucleus.
Explain the difference between a ground state and an excited state for electrons.
Define and recognize isotopes and be able to recognize the symbols that indicate an isotope.
Calculate average atomic mass.
Quantum Theory:
Relate energy packets to the parts of a wave.
Explain the relationship between wave frequency, wavelength and the rate at which energy is released.
Define quantum and photon
Differentiate between an electrons ground state and the excited state. Why does it go from one to another?
Know the theories attributed to DeBroglie, Heisenberg, Pauli, Aufbau, Hund.
Know the 4 quantum numbers and what they identify.
Draw orbit filling diagrams, write electron configurations, and electron dot diagrams.
Know the numbers of electrons in each energy level, sublevel, and orbital.
Periodic Trends
Define ionization energy, electronegativity and electronegativity.
Identify metals, non metals and metalloids on the periodic table.
Explain how ionization energy, electronegativity and electron affinity change across period and down a family.
Name the major families on the periodic table.
Bonding
Relate ionization energy and electronegativity to the difference between ionic and covalent bonds.
Draw electron dot diagrams (Lewis Diagrams) to show bonding.
Use electron dot diagrams and orbit filling diagrams to predict oxidation numbers.
Explain the properties of ionic compounds, covalent compounds and metals in relation to the way their bonds are formed and intermolecular attraction.
Explain How metallic bonds form.
Matter
Classify matter as mixture or pure substance and differentiate between homogeneous, heterogeneous, compound and element.
Differentiate between matter and energy.
Classify changes as chemical or physical
Classify properties as chemical or physical
Classify physical properties as intensive or extensive.
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