LIST OF KNOWN AFRICAN-AMERICAN INVENTORS 1845-1980

LIST OF KNOWN AFRICAN-AMERICAN INVENTORS 1845-1980

The following pages represent a unique and rare collection of African-American inventors and their inventions dating from 1845-1980. This list originates almost entirely (with some exceptions) from the rare list compiled by Mr. Henry Baker in the late 1800s to early 1900s. Mr. Baker was an African-American who worked for the U.S. Patent Office during these early years.

During this time African-Americans had little to no rights which obviously made entering into contractual and legal agreements very difficult if not impossible. More than enough laws prevented early African-Americans from participating in most legal processes; especially those of contest against white persons concerning ownership, claims, patent infringement, etc. Many African-American inventors lost or never gained legal rights to their inventions and those who were fortunate enough to obtain invention patents for example, were seldom recognized. Many slaves who were inventors automatically lost rights to their inventions to their slave master.

Henry Baker took it upon himself to make sure that African-Americans who were awarded patents by the United States Government would be "unofficially" documented. This was a very unique and important decision since the U. S. Patent office has never recorded culture or racial identity on patent applications. To accomplish this Henry Baker made a mark (only recognizable by him) on the forms of known African-American inventors who had submitted patents to the Patent Office. Using these marked forms he compiled one of the most important records in African-American history. These documents have become known as "The Henry Baker Papers." Without them we would never have known the magnitude of the African-American contribution to society and the world.

Thank you Mr. Henry Baker.

The list that follows is alphabetized by the inventor's name.

For more information on African-American inventions and inventors visit us at:

Smith-Lenoir Graphic Creations 615-360-7356 Reggie Smith

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LIST OF KNOWN AFRICAN-AMERICAN INVENTORS 1845-1980

INVENTOR

Abrams, W. B. Allen, C. W. Allen, J. B. Ashbourne, Alexander P. Ashbourne, Alexander P. Ashbourne, Alexander P. Ashbourne, Alexander P. Bailes, Wm. Bailey, L. C. Bailey, L. C. Bailiff, C. O. Ballow, W. J. Barnes, G. A. E. Beard, Andrew J. Beard, Andrew J. Becket, G. E. Bell, Landrow Bell, Landrow Benjamin, L. W. Benjamin, M. E. Binga, M. W. Blackburn, A. B. Blackburn, A. B. Blackburn, A. B. Blue, L. Booker, L. F. Boone, Sara Bowman, H. A. Bradberry, Henrietta Brooks, Charles B. Brooks, Charles B. Brooks, Charles B. Brooks, Hallstead/Page Brown, Henry Brown, Lincoln F. Brown, M. V. B. Brown, Oscar E. Burr, John Albert Burr, William F. Burwell, W. Butler, R. A. Butts, John W. Byrd, T. J. Byrd, T. J. Byrd, T. J. Byrd, T. J.

INVENTION

Hame Attachment Self-Leveling Table Clothes Line Support Process Preparing Coconut For Domestic Use Biscuit Cutter Process of Treating Coconut Refining Coconut Oil Ladder Scaffold-Support Combined Truss and Bandage Folding Bed Shampoo Headrest Combined Hat rack and Table Design for Sigh Rotary Engine Car Coupler Letter Box Smoke Stacks for Locomotives Dough Kneader Broom Moisteners and Bridles Gong and Signal Chairs for Hotels Street Sprinkling Apparatus Railway Signal Spring Seat for Chairs Cash Carrier Hand Corn Shelling Device Design for Rubber Scraping Knife Ironing Board Making Flags The Bed Rack Street Sweepers Punch Street Sweepers Street Sweepers Desk-top File Box Bridle Bit Home Security System-Television Surveillance Horseshoe Lawn Mower Switching Device for Railways Boot or Shoe Train Alarm Luggage Carrier Improvement in Holders for Reins for Horses Apparatus Detaching Horses from Carriages Improvement in Neck Yokes for Wagons Improvement in Car Couplings

PATENT # DATE

450550 613,436 551105 163962 170460 194,287 230518 218154 285545 629286 612008 601422 29193 478271 594059 483325 115153 133823 497747 386286 217843 376362 380420 391577 298937 30404 473653 469395 2320027 556711 507672 560154 558719 352036 484994 3482037 481271 624749 636197 638143 584540 634611 123328 124790 126181 157370

4/14/1891 11/1/1898 12/10/1895 6/1/1875 11/30/1875 8/21/1877 7/27/1880 8/5/1879 9/25/1883 7/18/1899 10/11/1898 4/29/1898 8/19/1898 7/5/1892 11/23/1897 10/4/1892 5/23/1871 12/10/1872 5/16/1893 7/17/1888 7/22/1879 1/1/1888 4/3/1888 10/23/1888 5/20/1884 3/28/1899 4/26/1892 2/23/1892 5/25/1943 3/17/1890 10/31/1893 5/12/1896 4/21/1896 11/2/1886 10/25/1892 12/2/1969 8/23/1892 5/9/1899 10/31/1899 11/28/1899 6/15/1897 10/10/1899 2/6/1872 3/19/1872 4/30/1872 12/1/1874

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LIST OF KNOWN AFRICAN-AMERICAN INVENTORS 1845-1980

INVENTOR

Campbell, W. S. Cargill, B. F. Carrington, T. A. Carter, W. C. Carver, George Washington Carver, George Washington Carver, George Washington Certain, Jerry M. Cherry, M. A. Cherry, M. A. Church, T. S. Clare, O. B. Coates, Robert Cook, George Coolidge, J. S. Cooper, A. R. Cooper, J. Cooper, J. Cooper, J. Cornwell, P. W. Cornwell, P. W. Cosgrove, W. F. Cralle, Alfred L. Creamer, H. Creamer, H. Darkins, J. T. Davis, I. D. Davis, W. R., Jr. Davis, William D. Deitz, W. A. Dickinson, Joseph H. Dickinson, Joseph H. Dorsey, O. Dorticus, Clatonia Joaquin Dorticus, Clatonia Joaquin Dorticus, Clatonia Joaquin Dorticus, Clatonia Joaquin Downing, Gertrude E. Downing, Phillip B. Downing, Phillip B. Drew, Charles R. MD Dunnington, J. H. Edmonds, T. H. Elkins, T. Elkins, T. Elkins, T.

INVENTION

Self-Setting Animal Trap Invalid Cot Range Umbrella Stand Cosmetics and Producing the Same Paint and Stain and Producing the Same Producing Paint and Stains Parcel Carrier for Bicycles Velocipede Street Car Fender Carpet Beating Machine Trestle Overboot for Horses Automatic Fishing Device Harness Attachment Shoemaker's Jack Shutter and Fastening Elevator Device Elevator Device Draft Regulator Draft Regulator Automatic Stop Plug for Gas Oil Pipes Ice-Cream Mold and Disher Steam Trap Feeder Steam Feed Water Trap Ventilation Aid Tonic Library Table Riding Saddles Shoe Player Piano Arm for Recording Machine Door-Holding Device Applicator for Coloring Liquids-Soles and Heels Machine for Embossing Photo Photographic Print Wash Hose Leak Stop Corner Cleaner Attachment Electric Switch for Railroad Letter Box Apparatus for Preserving Blood Horse Detachers Separating Screens Dining, Ironing Table and Quilting Frame Chamber Commode Refrigerating Apparatus

PATENT # DATE

246369 629658 180323 323397 1522176 1541478 1632365 639708 382351 531908 302237 390753 473295 625829 392908 631519 276563 536605 590257 390284 491082 313993 576395 394463 313854 534322 351829 208378 568939 64205 1028996 1262411 210764 535820 537442 537968 629315 3715772 430118 462093 2301710 578979 586724 100020 122518 221222

8/30/1881 7/25/1899 7/25/1876 8/4/1885 1/6/1925 6/9/1925 6/14/1927 12/26/1899 5/8/1888 1/1/1895 7/29/1884 10/9/1888 4/19/1892 5/30/1899 11/13/1888 8/22/1899 5/1/1883 4/2/1895 9/21/1897 10/2/1888 2/7/1893 3/17/1885 2/2/1897 12/11/1888 3/17/1895 2/19/1895 11/2/1886 9/24/1878 10/6/1896 4/30/1867 6/11/1912 1/8/1918 12/10/1878 3/19/1895 4/16/1895 4/23/1895 7/18/1899 2/13/1973 6/17/1890 10/27/1891 11/10/1942 3/16/1897 7/20/1897 2/22/1870 1/9/1872 11/4/1879

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LIST OF KNOWN AFRICAN-AMERICAN INVENTORS 1845-1980

INVENTOR

Evans, J. H. Faulkner, H. Ferrell, F. J. Ferrell, F. J. Fisher, David A., Jr. Fisher, David A., Jr. Flemmings, R. F., Jr. Goode, Sarah E. Gourdine, Meredith C. Grant, George F. Grant, George F. Gray, R. H. Gray, R. H. Gregory, J. Grenon, H. Griffen, F. W. Gunn, S. W. Haines, J. H. Hammonds, Julia Terry Harding, F. H. Harney, M. C. Hawkins, Joseph Hawkins, R. Headen, M. Hearness, R. Hearness, R. Hilyer, A. F. Hilyer, A. F. Holmes, E. H. Holmes, Lydia M. Hunter, John W. Hyde, R. N. Jackson, B. F. Jackson, B. F. Jackson, B. F. Jackson, H. A. Jackson, W. H. Jackson, W. H. Jackson, W. H. Johnson, D. Johnson, D. Johnson, D. Johnson, Issac R. Johnson, Payton Johnson, Powell Johnson, W. H.

INVENTION

Convertible Settees Ventilated Shoe Steam Trap Apparatus for Melting Snow Joiner's Clamp Furniture Castor Guitar Cabinet Bed Electrogasdynamic method and apparatus Curtain Rod Support Golf Tee Bailing Press Cistern Cleaners Motor Razor Stropping Device Pool Table Attachment Boot or Shoe Portable Basin Apparatus for Holding Yarn Skeins Extension Banquet Table Lantern or Lamp Gridiron Harness Attachment Foot Power Hammer Sealing Attachment for Bottles Detachable Car Fender Water Evaporator Attachment Hot Air Registers Registers Gage The Knockdown Weeled Toy Portable Weighing Scales Composition for Cleaning & Preserving Carpets Heating Apparatus Matrix Drying Apparatus Gas Burner Kitchen Table Railway Switch Railway Switch Automatic Locking Switch Rotary Dining Table Lawn Mower Attachment Grass Receivers for Lawn Mowers Bicycle Frame Swinging Chairs Eye Protector Overcoming Dead Centers

PATENT # DATE

591095 426495 420993 428670 162281 174791 338727 322,177 3449667 565075 638920 525203 537151 361937 554867 626902 641642 590,833 572985 614468 303844 3973 370943 350363 598929 628003 435095 438159 549513 2529692 570553 392205 599985 603879 622482 596135 578641 593665 609436 396089 410836 429629 634823 249530 234039 554223

10/5/1897 4/29/1890 2/11/1890 5/27/1890 4/20/1875 3/11/1876 3/3/1886 7/14/1885 6/10/1969 8/4/1896 12/12/1899 8/28/1894 4/9/1895 4/26/1887 2/18/1896 6/13/1899 1/16/1900 9/28/1897 12/15/1896 11/22/1898 8/19/1884 3/26/1845 10/4/1887 10/5/1886 2/15/1898 7/4/1899 8/26/1890 10/14/1890 11/12/1895 11/14/1950 11/3/1896 11/6/1888 3/1/1898 5/10/1898 4/4/1899 10/6/1896 3/9/1897 3/16/1897 8/23/1898 1/15/1888 9/10/1889 6/10/1890 10/10/1899 11/15/1881 11/2/1880 2/4/1896

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LIST OF KNOWN AFRICAN-AMERICAN INVENTORS 1845-1980

INVENTOR

INVENTION

Johnson, W. H. Johnson, Willis Johnson, Willis Johnson, Willis Jones, Frederick M. Jones, Frederick M. Jones, Frederick M. Jones, Frederick M. Jones, Frederick M. Jones, Frederick M. Jones, Frederick M. Jones, Frederick M. Jones, Frederick M. Jones, Frederick M. Jones, Frederick M. Jones, Frederick M. Jones, Frederick M. Jones, Frederick M. Jones, Frederick M. Jones, Frederick M. Jones, Frederick M. Jones, Frederick M. Jones, Frederick M. Jones, Frederick M. Joyce, J. A. Kelley, George W. Latimer & Brown Latimer, Lewis H. Latimer, Lewis H. Latimer, Lewis H. Latimer, Lewis-Nichols, Joseph Lavalette, W. A. Lee, H. Lee, Joseph Lee, Joseph Leslie, F. W. Lewis, A. L. Lewis, E. R. Linden, H. Little, E. Long, A. E. and Jones, A. A. Loudin, F. J. Loudin, F. J. Love, J. L. Love, J. L. Marshall, W.

Overcoming Dead Centers Egg Beater Paint Vehicle Velocipede Ticket Dispensing Machine Design for Air Conditioning Unit Automatically Stopping & Starting Gas Engines Two-Cycle Gas Engine Two-Cycle Gas Engine Air Conditioning Unit Starter Generator Thermostatically Operating Gas Engines Rotary Compressor Controlling Operation of Refrigeration Units Design for Air Conditioning Unit Heating or Cooling Atmosphere in Enclosures Two-Cycle Gasoline Engine Prefabricated Refrigerator Construction Refrigeration Control Device Means of Defrosting a Cold Diffuser Method for Air Conditioning Method for Preserving Perishables Control Device for Internal Combustion Engine Thermostat and Temperature Control System Ore Bucket Steam Table Water Closets for Railway Cars Manufacturing Carbons Apparatus for Cooling and Disinfecting Locking Racks for Coats, Hats, and Umbrellas Electric Lamp Printing Press Animal Trap Kneading Machine Bread Crumbing Machine Envelope Seal Window Cleaner Spring Gun Piano Truck Bridle-Bit caps for Bottles Sash Fastener Key Fastener Plasterers' Hawk Pencil Sharpener Grain Binder

PATENT # DATE

612345 292821 393763 627335 2163754 132182 2337164 2376968 2417253 2475841 2475842 2477377 2504841 2509099 159209 2526874 2523273 2535682 2581956 2666298 2696086 2780923 2850001 2926005 603143 592591 147363 252386 334078 557076 247097 208184 61941 524042 540553 590325 483359 362096 459365 254666 610715 510432 512308 542419 594114 341599

10/11/1898 2/5/1884 12/4/1888 6/20/1899 6/27/1939 4/28/1942 12/21/1943 5/29/1945 3/11/1947 7/12/1949 7/12/1949 7/26/1949 4/18/1950 5/23/1950 7/4/1950 10/24/1950 11/28/1950 12/26/1950 1/8/1952 1/19/1954 12/7/1954 2/12/1957 9/2/1958 2/23/1960 4/26/1898 10/26/1897 2/10/1874 6/17/1882 1/12/1886 3/24/1896 9/13/1881 9/17/1878 2/12/1867 8/7/1894 6/4/1895 9/21/1897 9/27/1892 5/3/1887 9/8/1891 3/7/1882 9/13/1898 12/12/1892 1/9/1894 7/9/1895 11/23/1897 5/11/1886

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